PN1 study guide Exam 3 Professional Nursing

1. What are the methods to prevent infection during the cold and flu season? a. Hand Hygiene b. Avoid close contact c. Cover cough and sneezes 2. What is Scabies and how is it treated? a. Parasitic Infection caused by itch mites that burrow under the skin, lay eggs and leave fecal material behind b. Apply scabicide, permethrin 5 % and wash all underclothing and bed lines in hot water. 3. What are the usual treatments for a. Carbuncles: i. Warm, moist soaks “bring boil to a head” once ruptures ir incised and drained pain subsides. ii. Antibiotics may be needed. b. Herpes Zoster (Shingles) i. Acyclovir (Zovirax), valacyclovir (Valtrex) or famciclovir (Famvir) maybe given for severe pain. ii. Analgesics help control pain and Narcotic analgesics are for severe pain. iii. Antipruritic topical meds decrease itching iv. Shingles vaccine is recommended for adults 60 years and older. c. Cellulitis i. Antibiotics ii. Elevation iii. Compression iv. Monitoring by drawing on the skin 4. Your patient is going home with a new tracheostomy. What should be taught to the patient and his family about a new tracheostomy? a. Can take two weeks to heal b. Be careful with exposure to water, aerosols and powder c. How to clean, suction and change inner cannula of trach tube d. Talking maybe a challenge e. Know actions to take during an emergency 5. Below is a list of normal breath sounds. Where are they heard and what is their inspiration/expiration duration? a. Bronchovesicular i. Heard anterior one-third of the chest near the sternum and also around the scapula posteriorly ii. Sounds relatively loud and medium pitch and inspiration and expiration being equal in duration. b. Bronchial i. Heard over the sternum ii. Loud- high pitched tubular, hollow-like sounds last longer during expiration then during inspiration c. Vesicular i. Heard over the majority of the lungs ii. Soft, low-pitched sounds are best heard during inspiration and maybe inaudible during expirations. “Light and