renal questions & dialysis quiz and answers
updated 2026
Which descriptions characterize acute kidney injury (Select all that apply)
A. primary cause of death is infection
B. it almost always affects older people
C. disease course is potentially reversible
D. most common cause is diabetic nephropathy
E. cardiovascular disease is most common cause of death - AnswerA, C
RIFLE defines three stages of AKI based on change in
A. blood pressure and urine osmolality
B. fractional excretion of urinary sodium
C. estimation of GFR with the MDRD equation
D. serum creatinine or urine output from baseline - AnswerD
During the oliguric phase of AKI, the nurse monitors that patient for (select all that apply)
A. hypotension
B. ECG rhythms
C. hyperatremia
D. pulmonary edema
E. urine with high specific gravity - AnswerB, D
If a patient is in the diuretic phase of AKI, the nurse must monitor for which serum electrolyte
imbalances?
A. hyperkalemia and hyponatremia
B. hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
C. hypokalemia and hyponatremia
D. hypokalemia and hypernatremia - AnswerC
A patient is admitted to the hospital with chronic kidney disease. The nurse understands that this
condition is characterized by
, A. progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
B. a rapid decrease in urine output with an elevated BUN
C. an increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urine output
D. prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent death - AnswerA
Nurses must teach patients at risk for developing chronic kidney disease. Individuals considered to be
at increase risk include (select all that apply)
A. older African Americans
B. patients more than 60 years old
C. those with pancreatitis
D. those with a history of hypertension
E. those with a history of type 2 diabetes - AnswerA, B, D, E
Patients with chronic kidney disease experience an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease
related to (select all that apply)
A. hypertension
B. vascular calcifications
C. a genetic predisposition
D. hyperinsulinemia causing dyslipidemia
E. increasing high-density lipoproetin levels - AnswerA, B, D
Nutritional support and management are essential across the entire continuum of chronic kidney
disease. Which statements would be considered true related to nutritional therapy (select all that
apply)
A. fluid is not usually restricted for patient receiving peritoneal dialysis
B. sodium and potassium may be restricted in someone with advanced CKD
C. decreased fluid intake and a low-potassium diet are hallmarks of the diet for a patient receiving
hemodialysis
D. decreased fluid intake and a low-potassium diet are hallmarks of the diet for a patient receiving
peritoneal dialysis
E. decreased fluid intake and a diet with phosphate-rich foods are hallmarks of a diet for a patient
receiving hemodialysis - AnswerA, B, C
updated 2026
Which descriptions characterize acute kidney injury (Select all that apply)
A. primary cause of death is infection
B. it almost always affects older people
C. disease course is potentially reversible
D. most common cause is diabetic nephropathy
E. cardiovascular disease is most common cause of death - AnswerA, C
RIFLE defines three stages of AKI based on change in
A. blood pressure and urine osmolality
B. fractional excretion of urinary sodium
C. estimation of GFR with the MDRD equation
D. serum creatinine or urine output from baseline - AnswerD
During the oliguric phase of AKI, the nurse monitors that patient for (select all that apply)
A. hypotension
B. ECG rhythms
C. hyperatremia
D. pulmonary edema
E. urine with high specific gravity - AnswerB, D
If a patient is in the diuretic phase of AKI, the nurse must monitor for which serum electrolyte
imbalances?
A. hyperkalemia and hyponatremia
B. hyperkalemia and hypernatremia
C. hypokalemia and hyponatremia
D. hypokalemia and hypernatremia - AnswerC
A patient is admitted to the hospital with chronic kidney disease. The nurse understands that this
condition is characterized by
, A. progressive irreversible destruction of the kidneys
B. a rapid decrease in urine output with an elevated BUN
C. an increasing creatinine clearance with a decrease in urine output
D. prostration, somnolence, and confusion with coma and imminent death - AnswerA
Nurses must teach patients at risk for developing chronic kidney disease. Individuals considered to be
at increase risk include (select all that apply)
A. older African Americans
B. patients more than 60 years old
C. those with pancreatitis
D. those with a history of hypertension
E. those with a history of type 2 diabetes - AnswerA, B, D, E
Patients with chronic kidney disease experience an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease
related to (select all that apply)
A. hypertension
B. vascular calcifications
C. a genetic predisposition
D. hyperinsulinemia causing dyslipidemia
E. increasing high-density lipoproetin levels - AnswerA, B, D
Nutritional support and management are essential across the entire continuum of chronic kidney
disease. Which statements would be considered true related to nutritional therapy (select all that
apply)
A. fluid is not usually restricted for patient receiving peritoneal dialysis
B. sodium and potassium may be restricted in someone with advanced CKD
C. decreased fluid intake and a low-potassium diet are hallmarks of the diet for a patient receiving
hemodialysis
D. decreased fluid intake and a low-potassium diet are hallmarks of the diet for a patient receiving
peritoneal dialysis
E. decreased fluid intake and a diet with phosphate-rich foods are hallmarks of a diet for a patient
receiving hemodialysis - AnswerA, B, C
