3004 PN FINALS EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Prenatal - ANS Conception to birth, characterized by rapid cell division, organogenesis in the
1st trimester, and growth and maturation in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.
Neonate - ANS Birth to 28 days, involving physiologic stability, reflexes like rooting and Moro,
rapid weight loss then regain, and sleep-wake cycling.
Infancy - ANS 1 month to 12 months, marked by rapid physical growth, doubling of birth
weight by ~4-6 months, tripling by 1 year, gross motor milestones, language progression, and
beginnings of object permanence.
Toddler - ANS 1 to 3 years, noted for slowed growth but high energy, improved motor skills,
vocabulary explosion, increasing autonomy, and decreasing separation anxiety.
Preschool - ANS 3 to 5 years, characterized by refinement of motor skills, imaginative play,
language jumps to sentences, developing cooperative play, beginnings of self-regulation, and
toilet training.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,School-age - ANS 6 to 12 years, involving steady growth, improved coordination, cognitive
skills such as concrete operations, important peer relationships, and learning school routines
and rules.
Adolescence - ANS 13 to 18/21 years, defined by puberty, formal operational thinking,
identity formation, and increasing independence.
Young adulthood - ANS 18 to 40 years, where physical peak occurs in the 20s and 30s, with
establishment of relationships, family, career, and stable cognitive abilities that can grow.
Middle adulthood - ANS 40 to 65 years, involving gradual physiologic changes, cognitive
strengths, life transitions such as empty nest and career plateau, and a focus on health
maintenance.
Prenatal clinics - ANS Community health services providing care for pregnant women.
Public health nurse home visits - ANS Postnatal follow-up services provided by nurses to
support new mothers.
Prenatal education classes - ANS Classes covering childbirth, breastfeeding, and newborn
care for expectant parents.
Screening programs - ANS Programs for bloodwork, infectious disease screening, and
gestational diabetes referrals.
Immunization counseling - ANS Advice and administration of vaccines such as influenza and
Tdap during pregnancy.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Smoking cessation programs - ANS Programs aimed at helping pregnant women quit smoking
and reduce substance use harm.
Nutrition counselling - ANS Advice on nutrition and access to prenatal vitamins for pregnant
women.
Social supports - ANS Programs providing housing, income assistance referrals, and family
support for pregnant women.
Referral to perinatal mental health services - ANS Connections to mental health services for
postpartum depression screening.
Sexual health screening - ANS Screening for sexual health and domestic violence with safety
planning.
Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy - ANS Increased blood volume (~30-50%), increased
cardiac output, decreased systemic vascular resistance, and possible physiologic anemia.
Respiratory changes in pregnancy - ANS Increased tidal volume, mild hyperventilation leading
to lower PaCO₂, and potential shortness of breath.
Renal/Urinary changes in pregnancy - ANS Increased GFR leading to lower serum creatinine
and urinary stasis that predisposes to UTI.
Gastrointestinal changes in pregnancy - ANS Slowed motility leading to constipation and
reflux, with nausea/vomiting common early in pregnancy.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
Prenatal - ANS Conception to birth, characterized by rapid cell division, organogenesis in the
1st trimester, and growth and maturation in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters.
Neonate - ANS Birth to 28 days, involving physiologic stability, reflexes like rooting and Moro,
rapid weight loss then regain, and sleep-wake cycling.
Infancy - ANS 1 month to 12 months, marked by rapid physical growth, doubling of birth
weight by ~4-6 months, tripling by 1 year, gross motor milestones, language progression, and
beginnings of object permanence.
Toddler - ANS 1 to 3 years, noted for slowed growth but high energy, improved motor skills,
vocabulary explosion, increasing autonomy, and decreasing separation anxiety.
Preschool - ANS 3 to 5 years, characterized by refinement of motor skills, imaginative play,
language jumps to sentences, developing cooperative play, beginnings of self-regulation, and
toilet training.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,School-age - ANS 6 to 12 years, involving steady growth, improved coordination, cognitive
skills such as concrete operations, important peer relationships, and learning school routines
and rules.
Adolescence - ANS 13 to 18/21 years, defined by puberty, formal operational thinking,
identity formation, and increasing independence.
Young adulthood - ANS 18 to 40 years, where physical peak occurs in the 20s and 30s, with
establishment of relationships, family, career, and stable cognitive abilities that can grow.
Middle adulthood - ANS 40 to 65 years, involving gradual physiologic changes, cognitive
strengths, life transitions such as empty nest and career plateau, and a focus on health
maintenance.
Prenatal clinics - ANS Community health services providing care for pregnant women.
Public health nurse home visits - ANS Postnatal follow-up services provided by nurses to
support new mothers.
Prenatal education classes - ANS Classes covering childbirth, breastfeeding, and newborn
care for expectant parents.
Screening programs - ANS Programs for bloodwork, infectious disease screening, and
gestational diabetes referrals.
Immunization counseling - ANS Advice and administration of vaccines such as influenza and
Tdap during pregnancy.
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Smoking cessation programs - ANS Programs aimed at helping pregnant women quit smoking
and reduce substance use harm.
Nutrition counselling - ANS Advice on nutrition and access to prenatal vitamins for pregnant
women.
Social supports - ANS Programs providing housing, income assistance referrals, and family
support for pregnant women.
Referral to perinatal mental health services - ANS Connections to mental health services for
postpartum depression screening.
Sexual health screening - ANS Screening for sexual health and domestic violence with safety
planning.
Cardiovascular changes in pregnancy - ANS Increased blood volume (~30-50%), increased
cardiac output, decreased systemic vascular resistance, and possible physiologic anemia.
Respiratory changes in pregnancy - ANS Increased tidal volume, mild hyperventilation leading
to lower PaCO₂, and potential shortness of breath.
Renal/Urinary changes in pregnancy - ANS Increased GFR leading to lower serum creatinine
and urinary stasis that predisposes to UTI.
Gastrointestinal changes in pregnancy - ANS Slowed motility leading to constipation and
reflux, with nausea/vomiting common early in pregnancy.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
