NUR 210 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
What is bacteriostatic? - ANS inhibits bacterial growth
what is bactericidal? - ANS kills bacteria
What is a broad spectrum antibiotic? - ANS - able to control a variety of organisms (gram - or
+)
- used when you cannot identify what the organism causing the disease is
- targets many bacteria ("shotgun approach)
when are broad spectrum antibiotics used? - ANS when you do not know what organism is
causing the problem
What are narrow spectrum antibiotics? - ANS - effective against few organisms (either Gram
positive OR Gram negative)
- used when you know which organism is causing the problems and which drug that it is
sensitive to
- targets one organism ("bb gun approach)
When are narrow spectrum antibiotics used? - ANS Whenever the bacteria causing the
disease is known
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, what does selective toxicity mean? - ANS toxic to a specific cell (bacteria/microorganism)
while sparing other normal cells
is bacterial resistance innate or acquired? - ANS both- can be either
what is meant by bacterial resistance? - ANS ability of an organism to survive against an
antimicrobial or to render the antimicrobial ineffective
What is a super infection? - ANS when an infection arises in addition to one that is already
present; an infection that occurs because of treatment for a primary infection
what is meant by prophylactic antibiotic use? - ANS antibiotics that are used to PREVENT
infection
what are three surgical procedures that increase the risk for infection? what is often given
with/after the procedures to decrease the risk of infection? - ANS 1. orthopedic
2. cardiac
3. abdominal
prophylactic antibiotics given to reduce the risk of infection
why is there a risk for endocarditis with a patient who has an artificial valve, having dental
surgery? - ANS in the gums are cut bacteria can get into the bloodstream and travel to the
heart and infect the artificial valve
how can chemotherapy increase the risk for infection? what can be given with it to reduce the
risk for infection? - ANS affects the bone marrow; prophylactic antibiotics
what are the 5 stages of infection? - ANS 1. incubation
2. prodromal
3. acute
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
ANSWERS GRADED A+ 2025/2026
What is bacteriostatic? - ANS inhibits bacterial growth
what is bactericidal? - ANS kills bacteria
What is a broad spectrum antibiotic? - ANS - able to control a variety of organisms (gram - or
+)
- used when you cannot identify what the organism causing the disease is
- targets many bacteria ("shotgun approach)
when are broad spectrum antibiotics used? - ANS when you do not know what organism is
causing the problem
What are narrow spectrum antibiotics? - ANS - effective against few organisms (either Gram
positive OR Gram negative)
- used when you know which organism is causing the problems and which drug that it is
sensitive to
- targets one organism ("bb gun approach)
When are narrow spectrum antibiotics used? - ANS Whenever the bacteria causing the
disease is known
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, what does selective toxicity mean? - ANS toxic to a specific cell (bacteria/microorganism)
while sparing other normal cells
is bacterial resistance innate or acquired? - ANS both- can be either
what is meant by bacterial resistance? - ANS ability of an organism to survive against an
antimicrobial or to render the antimicrobial ineffective
What is a super infection? - ANS when an infection arises in addition to one that is already
present; an infection that occurs because of treatment for a primary infection
what is meant by prophylactic antibiotic use? - ANS antibiotics that are used to PREVENT
infection
what are three surgical procedures that increase the risk for infection? what is often given
with/after the procedures to decrease the risk of infection? - ANS 1. orthopedic
2. cardiac
3. abdominal
prophylactic antibiotics given to reduce the risk of infection
why is there a risk for endocarditis with a patient who has an artificial valve, having dental
surgery? - ANS in the gums are cut bacteria can get into the bloodstream and travel to the
heart and infect the artificial valve
how can chemotherapy increase the risk for infection? what can be given with it to reduce the
risk for infection? - ANS affects the bone marrow; prophylactic antibiotics
what are the 5 stages of infection? - ANS 1. incubation
2. prodromal
3. acute
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
