PSL300 WEEK 3 ENDOCRINE QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WhatA2isA2homeostasis?A2-A2Ans--
maintainingA2aA2constantA2stableA2environmentA2despiteA2changingA2conditions
-thereA2isA2aA2setA2pointA2andA2youA2wantA2toA2getA2backA2toA2thatA2setA2point
doA2smallA2deviationsA2aroundA2setA2pointA2causeA2issues?A2-A2Ans--
notA2really,A2thereA2usuallyA2anA2oscillationA2aroundA2aA2setpointA2
-normalA2rangesA2ofA2function,A2smallA2deviationA2shouldn'tA2affectA2theA2function
ExplainA2negativeA2feedbackA2-A2Ans--
negativeA2feedbackA2meansA2thatA2givenA2theA2initialA2stimulusA2theA2responseA2wantA2toA
2getA2backA2toA2theA2originalA2setA2point
-decreaseA2affectsA2ofA2initialA2stimulus
whatA2doesA2negativeA2feedbackA2wantA2toA2doA2inA2termsA2ofA2homeostasis?A2-A2Ans--
getA2theA2bodyA2backA2toA2homeostasis,A2backA2toA2theA2originalA2setA2point
explainA2positiveA2feedbackA2-A2Ans--
theA2initialA2stimulusA2causesA2aA2responseA2thatA2wishesA2toA2furtherA2reinforceA2theA2res
ponse
-buildingA2affect
-thisA2canA2beA2turnedA2offA2byA2outsideA2factors
whatA2areA2examplesA2ofA2localA2cellularA2communication?A2-A2Ans---GAPA2JUNCTIONS
-contact-dependent
-autocrine
HowA2doA2gapA2junctionsA2allowA2cellA2toA2communicateA2withA2oneA2another?A2-A2Ans--
connectA2theA2cellsA2directlyA2allowA2theA2movementA2ofA2ionsA2andA2moleculesA2throughA
2theA2cells
whatA2isA2contact-dependentA2communication?A2-A2Ans--
membraneA2proteinA2fromA2anotherA2cellA2bindsA2toA2theA2membraneA2proteinA2ofA2anothe
rA2cellA2transferringA2aA2signal
whatA2autocrineA2communication?A2-A2Ans--
moleculeA2formA2oneA2cellA2moveA2throughA2theA2interstitialA2fluidA2aA2locallyA2andA2bindA2t
oA2receptorsA2ofA2otherA2cellsA2producingA2aA2signal
whatA2areA2theA2twoA2formsA2ofA2longA2distanceA2communicationA2inA2theA2body?A2-
A2Ans---endocrineA2system
-nervousA2system
, -Neuroendocrine
whatA2areA2simpleA2reflexes?A2-A2Ans--
mediatedA2eitherA2byA2theA2nervousA2systemA2orA2theA2endocrineA2system
whatA2areA2complexA2reflexes?A2-A2Ans--
mediatedA2byA2bothA2systemsA2andA2goA2throughA2severalA2integratingA2systems
WhatA2areA2theA2hormones?A2-A2Ans--
chemicalA2messengersA2secretedA2intoA2theA2bloodstream
whatA2areA2primaryA2endocrineA2organs?A2-A2Ans--
theA2mainA2functionA2ofA2theA2organA2isA2toA2releaseA2hormone,A2exampleA2ofA2thisA2isA2th
eA2thyroidA2gland
whatA2isA2aA2secondaryA2endocrineA2organ?A2-A2Ans---
theA2mainA2functionA2ofA2theA2organA2isA2NOTA2theA2releaseA2ofA2hormones
-theyA2haveA2cellsA2withinA2themA2thatA2haveA2theA2abilityA2toA2releaseA2hormones
-exampleA2theA2heart
whatA2areA2someA2ofA2theA2distinctA2featuresA2ofA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---
transportedA2inA2theA2bloodstream
-canA2actA2onA2multipleA2tissues
-actionA2mustA2beA2terminated
-eitherA2maintainA2homeostasisA2orA2causeA2change
-bindA2toA2specificA2receptors
howA2couldA2youA2identifyA2aA2hormoneA2andA2itsA2affects?A2-A2Ans---
removeA2theA2expectedA2endocrineA2glandA2producingA2theA2hormonesA2andA2seeA2theA2a
ffects
-replaceA2theA2extractA2ofA2theA2hormone
whatA2areA2twoA2typesA2ofA2broadA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---hydrophilicA2hormones
-hydrophobicA2hormones
whatA2areA2theA2characteristicsA2ofA2hydrophilicA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---
waterA2soluble,A2canA2dissolveA2inA2theA2plasma
-cannotA2crossA2theA2plasmaA2membrane
-examples:A2peptideA2hormones,A2proteinA2hormones
whatA2areA2theA2characteristicsA2ofA2hydrophobicA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---
notA2waterA2soluble
-inA2orderA2toA2travelA2inA2theA2bloodstreamA2theyA2needA2someA2sortA2ofA2carrierA2protein
-lipidA2soluble,A2canA2crossA2theA2plasmaA2membrane
-examples:A2steroidA2andA2thyroidA2hormones
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
WhatA2isA2homeostasis?A2-A2Ans--
maintainingA2aA2constantA2stableA2environmentA2despiteA2changingA2conditions
-thereA2isA2aA2setA2pointA2andA2youA2wantA2toA2getA2backA2toA2thatA2setA2point
doA2smallA2deviationsA2aroundA2setA2pointA2causeA2issues?A2-A2Ans--
notA2really,A2thereA2usuallyA2anA2oscillationA2aroundA2aA2setpointA2
-normalA2rangesA2ofA2function,A2smallA2deviationA2shouldn'tA2affectA2theA2function
ExplainA2negativeA2feedbackA2-A2Ans--
negativeA2feedbackA2meansA2thatA2givenA2theA2initialA2stimulusA2theA2responseA2wantA2toA
2getA2backA2toA2theA2originalA2setA2point
-decreaseA2affectsA2ofA2initialA2stimulus
whatA2doesA2negativeA2feedbackA2wantA2toA2doA2inA2termsA2ofA2homeostasis?A2-A2Ans--
getA2theA2bodyA2backA2toA2homeostasis,A2backA2toA2theA2originalA2setA2point
explainA2positiveA2feedbackA2-A2Ans--
theA2initialA2stimulusA2causesA2aA2responseA2thatA2wishesA2toA2furtherA2reinforceA2theA2res
ponse
-buildingA2affect
-thisA2canA2beA2turnedA2offA2byA2outsideA2factors
whatA2areA2examplesA2ofA2localA2cellularA2communication?A2-A2Ans---GAPA2JUNCTIONS
-contact-dependent
-autocrine
HowA2doA2gapA2junctionsA2allowA2cellA2toA2communicateA2withA2oneA2another?A2-A2Ans--
connectA2theA2cellsA2directlyA2allowA2theA2movementA2ofA2ionsA2andA2moleculesA2throughA
2theA2cells
whatA2isA2contact-dependentA2communication?A2-A2Ans--
membraneA2proteinA2fromA2anotherA2cellA2bindsA2toA2theA2membraneA2proteinA2ofA2anothe
rA2cellA2transferringA2aA2signal
whatA2autocrineA2communication?A2-A2Ans--
moleculeA2formA2oneA2cellA2moveA2throughA2theA2interstitialA2fluidA2aA2locallyA2andA2bindA2t
oA2receptorsA2ofA2otherA2cellsA2producingA2aA2signal
whatA2areA2theA2twoA2formsA2ofA2longA2distanceA2communicationA2inA2theA2body?A2-
A2Ans---endocrineA2system
-nervousA2system
, -Neuroendocrine
whatA2areA2simpleA2reflexes?A2-A2Ans--
mediatedA2eitherA2byA2theA2nervousA2systemA2orA2theA2endocrineA2system
whatA2areA2complexA2reflexes?A2-A2Ans--
mediatedA2byA2bothA2systemsA2andA2goA2throughA2severalA2integratingA2systems
WhatA2areA2theA2hormones?A2-A2Ans--
chemicalA2messengersA2secretedA2intoA2theA2bloodstream
whatA2areA2primaryA2endocrineA2organs?A2-A2Ans--
theA2mainA2functionA2ofA2theA2organA2isA2toA2releaseA2hormone,A2exampleA2ofA2thisA2isA2th
eA2thyroidA2gland
whatA2isA2aA2secondaryA2endocrineA2organ?A2-A2Ans---
theA2mainA2functionA2ofA2theA2organA2isA2NOTA2theA2releaseA2ofA2hormones
-theyA2haveA2cellsA2withinA2themA2thatA2haveA2theA2abilityA2toA2releaseA2hormones
-exampleA2theA2heart
whatA2areA2someA2ofA2theA2distinctA2featuresA2ofA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---
transportedA2inA2theA2bloodstream
-canA2actA2onA2multipleA2tissues
-actionA2mustA2beA2terminated
-eitherA2maintainA2homeostasisA2orA2causeA2change
-bindA2toA2specificA2receptors
howA2couldA2youA2identifyA2aA2hormoneA2andA2itsA2affects?A2-A2Ans---
removeA2theA2expectedA2endocrineA2glandA2producingA2theA2hormonesA2andA2seeA2theA2a
ffects
-replaceA2theA2extractA2ofA2theA2hormone
whatA2areA2twoA2typesA2ofA2broadA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---hydrophilicA2hormones
-hydrophobicA2hormones
whatA2areA2theA2characteristicsA2ofA2hydrophilicA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---
waterA2soluble,A2canA2dissolveA2inA2theA2plasma
-cannotA2crossA2theA2plasmaA2membrane
-examples:A2peptideA2hormones,A2proteinA2hormones
whatA2areA2theA2characteristicsA2ofA2hydrophobicA2hormones?A2-A2Ans---
notA2waterA2soluble
-inA2orderA2toA2travelA2inA2theA2bloodstreamA2theyA2needA2someA2sortA2ofA2carrierA2protein
-lipidA2soluble,A2canA2crossA2theA2plasmaA2membrane
-examples:A2steroidA2andA2thyroidA2hormones