NSG124 Exam 2 Questions with Complete Solutions
Elevated BP range 120-129/<80
High BP Stage 1 130-139/80-89
High BP stage 2 140 or higher OR 90 or higher
Hypertensive Crisis >180 and/or >120
blood pressure = cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance
which type of HTN has an elevated BP with no specific cause? Primary HTN
which type of HTN has an elevated BP with a specific cause? Secondary HTN
what is the hallmark sign of HTN? chronically increased systemic vascular resistance
how does an Altered Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Mechanism effect HTN? increases
the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
how does Stress and Increased Sympathetic Nervous System Activity effect HTN? anger,
fear,pain
how do Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia effect HTN? elevated insulin levels
stimulate the sympathetic nervous system
,which ethnicities have an increased risk for HTN? african americans, hispanic americans,
native americans
which gender has an increased risk for HTN? men until women reach 55 years
which ethnicity has the highest prevalence of HTN in the world? african americans
which ethnicity is the least likely to receive treatment for HTN? mexican americans
HTN is often referred to as the: silent killer
Why is HTN referred to as the "silent killer"? normally asymptomatic until target organ
disease occurs
HTN is a major risk factor for what? coronary artery disease (CAD)
what is the best way to diagnose HTN? BP monitoring
what foods are on the DASH diet? poultry, fish, fruits and vegetables, whole grains,
seeds, nuts
what does nicotine do to the blood vessels? vasoconstriction
Two main actions of medications for HTN: reduce volume of circulating blood, reduce
systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
, an ABPM is a type of: cardiac monitor
what is the difference between hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency?
hypertensive urgency doesn't include target organ damage
in a hypertensive emergency, which is more important, the rate at which the BP rises or what
the BP reaches? the rate at which the BP rises
what is often used to assess pt's with CAD? a CRP (c-reactive protein)
what is the major cause of CAD? atherosclerosis
what are the developmental stages of CAD? fatty streak, fibrous plaque, complicated
lesion
What is collateral circulation? the activation of tiny blood vessels to bypass a blocked
area
optimal value for LDL <100
optimal value for HDL <50
optimal value for total cholesterol <200
Optimal value for triglycerides <150
Elevated BP range 120-129/<80
High BP Stage 1 130-139/80-89
High BP stage 2 140 or higher OR 90 or higher
Hypertensive Crisis >180 and/or >120
blood pressure = cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance
which type of HTN has an elevated BP with no specific cause? Primary HTN
which type of HTN has an elevated BP with a specific cause? Secondary HTN
what is the hallmark sign of HTN? chronically increased systemic vascular resistance
how does an Altered Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Mechanism effect HTN? increases
the conversion of angiotensin 1 to angiotensin 2
how does Stress and Increased Sympathetic Nervous System Activity effect HTN? anger,
fear,pain
how do Insulin Resistance and Hyperinsulinemia effect HTN? elevated insulin levels
stimulate the sympathetic nervous system
,which ethnicities have an increased risk for HTN? african americans, hispanic americans,
native americans
which gender has an increased risk for HTN? men until women reach 55 years
which ethnicity has the highest prevalence of HTN in the world? african americans
which ethnicity is the least likely to receive treatment for HTN? mexican americans
HTN is often referred to as the: silent killer
Why is HTN referred to as the "silent killer"? normally asymptomatic until target organ
disease occurs
HTN is a major risk factor for what? coronary artery disease (CAD)
what is the best way to diagnose HTN? BP monitoring
what foods are on the DASH diet? poultry, fish, fruits and vegetables, whole grains,
seeds, nuts
what does nicotine do to the blood vessels? vasoconstriction
Two main actions of medications for HTN: reduce volume of circulating blood, reduce
systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
, an ABPM is a type of: cardiac monitor
what is the difference between hypertensive emergency and hypertensive urgency?
hypertensive urgency doesn't include target organ damage
in a hypertensive emergency, which is more important, the rate at which the BP rises or what
the BP reaches? the rate at which the BP rises
what is often used to assess pt's with CAD? a CRP (c-reactive protein)
what is the major cause of CAD? atherosclerosis
what are the developmental stages of CAD? fatty streak, fibrous plaque, complicated
lesion
What is collateral circulation? the activation of tiny blood vessels to bypass a blocked
area
optimal value for LDL <100
optimal value for HDL <50
optimal value for total cholesterol <200
Optimal value for triglycerides <150
