PSYC 102 FINAL TEST STUDY GUIDE
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. What is psychology? - ANSWER ✔ the science of behavior and mental
processes
2. what is critical thinking - ANSWER ✔ the objective analysis and evaluation
of an issue in order to form a judgment
3. placebo - ANSWER ✔ has no true effect on its own; rather the individual
thinks there will be an effect, and therefore, they have benefit; often a sugar
pill
4. mean - ANSWER ✔ the average set of numbers. it is calculated by adding
all values together and the dividing by the number of values. it represents the
central point of the data
5. range - ANSWER ✔ the difference between the highest and lowest values in
a data set. it shows how spread out the numbers are
6. median - ANSWER ✔ the middle value in a set of numbers when they are
arranged from lowest to highest. it is useful when data are skewed or contain
outliers
,7. standard deviation - ANSWER ✔ measures how much the values in a data
set vary from the mean. a small standard deviation means the data points are
close to the average; a large standard deviation means the data are more
spread out
8. critical thinking most clearly involves - ANSWER ✔ evaluating evidence
9. Mark meets briefly with applicants for his positions in his company and
relies on his immediate gut-level first impressions in deciding whether to
offer them a job. Mark's employment decisions are most clearly guided by -
ANSWER ✔ intuition
10.Hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to - ANSWER ✔ exaggerate their
ability to have forseen an outcome
11.Several weeks after a political election, voters often exaggerate their ability
to have predicted the election outcome. this best illustrates - ANSWER ✔
hindsight bias
12.The scientific attitude requires an open-minded humility because it involves
a willingness to - ANSWER ✔ recognize the errors in our own ideas
13.Our tendency to believe we know more than we do best illustrates -
ANSWER ✔ overconfidence
14.Megan was certain that she would never live far away from her family.
However, when offered a job in another state, she decided to move. Megan's
experience best illustrates - ANSWER ✔ overconfidence
,15.Three key attitudes of scientific inquiry are - ANSWER ✔ curiosity,
skepticism, and humility
16.Professor Delano suggests that because people are especially attracted to
those who are good-looking, handsome men will be more successful than
average looking men in getting a job. The professor's prediction regarding
employment success is an example of - ANSWER ✔ a hypothesis
17.The tendency to believe that the world is fair and people get what they
deserve - ANSWER ✔ What does the just-world phenomenon refer to?
18.Deindividuation - ANSWER ✔ Which phenomenon best explains why
people might act in ways they normally wouldn't
when part of a large, anonymous crowd?
19.Chameleon Effect - ANSWER ✔ If one student in a classroom begins to
cough, others are likely to do the same. This best
illustrates
20.Fundamental Attribution Error - ANSWER ✔ Assuming that a classmate
who is late to class is just disorganized, rather than thinking they
might have been stuck in traffic is an example of
21.The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or behaviors -
ANSWER ✔ Which of the following best describes the concept of
"cognitive dissonance"
, 22.negative reinforcer - ANSWER ✔ Any stimulus that, when removed after a
response, strengthens the response is called a(n)
23.Socialization - ANSWER ✔ Which concept refers to the gradual process by
which an individual learns to behave in a
manner that is accepted by their culture?
24.Spontaneous Recovery - ANSWER ✔ You put your money in the candy
machine once and it takes your money but gives no candy,
you try again and once again it takes the money but you get nothing so you
quit putting money in
the machine. Your response has been extinguished. Weeks later, you go
back and try the
machine by putting money in the machine in hopes of getting candy.
Coming back and trying
again and performing a previously extinguished response is referred to
as__________
25.Conditioned response - ANSWER ✔ A dog begins to salivate whenever it
hears a bell because the bell has been repeatedly paired
with the presentation of food. The salivation response triggered by the bell is
a:
26.Observational Learning - ANSWER ✔ In Albert Bandura's Bobo doll
experiment, children who observed an adult aggressively
hitting a Bobo doll were more likely to imitate the aggressive behavior
themselves. This type of
learning is known as:
27.Projection - ANSWER ✔ Which of the following is a defense mechanism
where an individual attributes their own
2026/2027 COMPLETE QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS ||
100% GUARANTEED PASS
<LATEST VERSION>
1. What is psychology? - ANSWER ✔ the science of behavior and mental
processes
2. what is critical thinking - ANSWER ✔ the objective analysis and evaluation
of an issue in order to form a judgment
3. placebo - ANSWER ✔ has no true effect on its own; rather the individual
thinks there will be an effect, and therefore, they have benefit; often a sugar
pill
4. mean - ANSWER ✔ the average set of numbers. it is calculated by adding
all values together and the dividing by the number of values. it represents the
central point of the data
5. range - ANSWER ✔ the difference between the highest and lowest values in
a data set. it shows how spread out the numbers are
6. median - ANSWER ✔ the middle value in a set of numbers when they are
arranged from lowest to highest. it is useful when data are skewed or contain
outliers
,7. standard deviation - ANSWER ✔ measures how much the values in a data
set vary from the mean. a small standard deviation means the data points are
close to the average; a large standard deviation means the data are more
spread out
8. critical thinking most clearly involves - ANSWER ✔ evaluating evidence
9. Mark meets briefly with applicants for his positions in his company and
relies on his immediate gut-level first impressions in deciding whether to
offer them a job. Mark's employment decisions are most clearly guided by -
ANSWER ✔ intuition
10.Hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to - ANSWER ✔ exaggerate their
ability to have forseen an outcome
11.Several weeks after a political election, voters often exaggerate their ability
to have predicted the election outcome. this best illustrates - ANSWER ✔
hindsight bias
12.The scientific attitude requires an open-minded humility because it involves
a willingness to - ANSWER ✔ recognize the errors in our own ideas
13.Our tendency to believe we know more than we do best illustrates -
ANSWER ✔ overconfidence
14.Megan was certain that she would never live far away from her family.
However, when offered a job in another state, she decided to move. Megan's
experience best illustrates - ANSWER ✔ overconfidence
,15.Three key attitudes of scientific inquiry are - ANSWER ✔ curiosity,
skepticism, and humility
16.Professor Delano suggests that because people are especially attracted to
those who are good-looking, handsome men will be more successful than
average looking men in getting a job. The professor's prediction regarding
employment success is an example of - ANSWER ✔ a hypothesis
17.The tendency to believe that the world is fair and people get what they
deserve - ANSWER ✔ What does the just-world phenomenon refer to?
18.Deindividuation - ANSWER ✔ Which phenomenon best explains why
people might act in ways they normally wouldn't
when part of a large, anonymous crowd?
19.Chameleon Effect - ANSWER ✔ If one student in a classroom begins to
cough, others are likely to do the same. This best
illustrates
20.Fundamental Attribution Error - ANSWER ✔ Assuming that a classmate
who is late to class is just disorganized, rather than thinking they
might have been stuck in traffic is an example of
21.The discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or behaviors -
ANSWER ✔ Which of the following best describes the concept of
"cognitive dissonance"
, 22.negative reinforcer - ANSWER ✔ Any stimulus that, when removed after a
response, strengthens the response is called a(n)
23.Socialization - ANSWER ✔ Which concept refers to the gradual process by
which an individual learns to behave in a
manner that is accepted by their culture?
24.Spontaneous Recovery - ANSWER ✔ You put your money in the candy
machine once and it takes your money but gives no candy,
you try again and once again it takes the money but you get nothing so you
quit putting money in
the machine. Your response has been extinguished. Weeks later, you go
back and try the
machine by putting money in the machine in hopes of getting candy.
Coming back and trying
again and performing a previously extinguished response is referred to
as__________
25.Conditioned response - ANSWER ✔ A dog begins to salivate whenever it
hears a bell because the bell has been repeatedly paired
with the presentation of food. The salivation response triggered by the bell is
a:
26.Observational Learning - ANSWER ✔ In Albert Bandura's Bobo doll
experiment, children who observed an adult aggressively
hitting a Bobo doll were more likely to imitate the aggressive behavior
themselves. This type of
learning is known as:
27.Projection - ANSWER ✔ Which of the following is a defense mechanism
where an individual attributes their own
