SHARP EKG EXAM| 50+ ACTUAL QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS || GRADED A+

SHARP EKG EXAM| 50+ ACTUAL QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS || GRADED A+ Resting cardiac cells - ANSWER -More negative ions inside cell than outside cell Polarized - ANSWER -When ions are aligned, resting state, ecg shows straight line Depolarized - ANSWER -Electrical events cause muscle contraction, potassium begins to leave cell, sodium rushes into cell causing a more positive charge generating muscle contraction Repolarization - ANSWER -Cardiac cells begin to recover, sodium moves out of cells, potassium moves back in causing a more negative charge to create a resting state P wave - ANSWER -Depolarization of atria in response to SA node triggering, 0.10 sec or less PRI - ANSWER -Delay of AV node to allow filling of ventricles, 0.12-0.20 QRS complex - ANSWER -Depolarization of ventricles, triggers main pumping contractions, 0.10 sec or less ST segments - ANSWER -Beginning of ventricle repolarization, should be flat ST elevation - ANSWER -STEMI, angina, coronary artery's spasm, acute pericarditis, ventricular aneurysm, HYPERkalemia, HYPOthermia ST depression - ANSWER -Non-STEMI, HYPOkalemia, digitalis effect, MI 1 tiny box - ANSWER -0.04 seconds 1 large box - ANSWER -0.2 seconds 6-second strip - ANSWER -30 large boxes heart rate - ANSWER -6second strip, # of QRS x 10= heart rate Tachycardia Treatment - ANSWER -Relief of pain, fluid replacement, removal of offending medications or substances, reducing fever or anxiety Bradycardia treatment - ANSWER -If symptomatic, atropine, go into recumbent position, elevate legs Arrhythmia treatment - ANSWER -Treat if symptomatic, Brady give atropine Sinus block/arrest treatment - ANSWER -If symptomatic give atropine, positioning, elevated legs T wave - ANSWER -Ventricular repolarization Isoelectric line - ANSWER -Flat line in ECG Positive deflection - ANSWER -Wave form above the isoelectic line, positive flow negative deflection - ANSWER -Any wave form below the isoelectic line biphasic deflection - ANSWER -Wave form occurring above and below to isoelectric line Sinus Pause - ANSWER -Irregular rhythm, with pause PAC - ANSWER -Abnormal sized p wave, or hidden in t wave, PAC tx - ANSWER -If frequent treat underlying cause, administer O2, or eliminate caffeine/alcohol/Tobacco, tc chf, balance electrolytes A flutter - ANSWER -Atrial rate 250-400, saw tooth p waves, Treat a flutter - ANSWER -Control hr, assess need for anticoagulants, desire to NSR, unstable should be treated with CARDIOVERSION!! A fib - ANSWER -Irregular beats, no p wave A fib tx - ANSWER -If unstable CARDIOVERSION, control hr, give anticoagulant, return NSR Treating junctional rhythm - ANSWER -If symptomatic Brady give atropine, pacing, dopamine, epi Treating accelerated junctional - ANSWER -Correct underlying cause Treat second degree type 2 - ANSWER -Pacemaker PVC - ANSWER -Downslope from last T wave SVT tx - ANSWER -Valsalva maneuver, canal maneuver, CARDIOVERSION, ablation V Tach/V Fib TX - ANSWER -CHECK PULSE, CPR PULSELESS, Asystole tx - ANSWER -Check pulse, cpr PEA - ANSWER -Normal rhythm without pulse Pericardium - ANSWER -Outermost layer consisting of fibrous pericardium and serous pericardium fibrous pericardium - ANSWER -Comes in direct contact with lungs