NCE Multicultural Exam Multiple Choices And Correct Answers Graded A+

1. Ableism - correct answers Discrimination in favor of able-bodied people 2. Acculturation - correct answers The process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group 3. Acculturative Stress - correct answers The psychological impact of adapting to a new culture 4. Ageism - correct answers If it is assumed that one age is better than another or a certain age group is discriminated against (R) Alloplastic (R) - correct answersThe person tried to change the world or the environment (opposite of autoplastic) (R) Augmented family (R) - correct answersA non-relative impacts the family life, taking someone into the home, ie. a boarder (R) Autoplastic (R) - correct answersPerson changes himself or herself to cope with the environment (opposite of alloplastic, memory device: autohypnosis: change yourself) (R) 5. Bias - correct answersPrejudice in favor or against one thing, person, or group compared with one another (usually in an unfair way) 6. Bisexual - correct answersSexual orientation associated with sexual attraction towards both males and females 7. Black Feminism - correct answersA school of thought that argues that sexism, class oppression, and racism are inextricably bound together; the way these relate to one another is called intersectionality Blended family (R) - correct answersWhen a divorced person brings his or her children into a new family (R) 8. Chronemics - correct answersStudy of the role of time in communication; a subcategory of nonverbal communication 9. Classism - correct answersPrejudice against or in favor of people belonging to a particular social class Cognitive dissonance (R) - correct answers(Leon Festinger) uncomfortable state of tension or stress when individual has two inconsistent or incompatible beliefs, individual in a state of dissonance will try to reduce tension by changing cognitions by making cognitions more harmonious (ie. deny certain facts to make their beliefs more consistent) (R) 10. Color Blind - correct answersThe myth that says "if the color is the problem, then let's pretend not to see it." This is problematic because overlooking one's racial group membership is to deny an intimate and important part of one's identity. 11. Confianza - correct answersA Latin American form of mutual reciprocity. In the context of interpersonal relationships, its presence indicates that both parties recognize a mutual duty to honor their relationship by extending specially favorable treatment. Conformity (R) - correct answers(Solomon Asch) when people go along with the group, ie. having people compare lengths of lines and some saying the wrong thing on purpose and participants go along with it anyway even though they know it's not right (R) 12. Connotation - correct answersAn idea or feeling that a word invokes in addition to its literal or primary meaning. 13. Cultural Identity - correct answers 14. Culture - correct answersShared patterns of learned practices, communication patterns, morals, and aesthetic standards in a given group or community, they are dynamic, they change and evolve at different rates; total set of values, beliefs, attitudes, and customs of a certain group of people which distinguishes them from other people, can be considered a way of life or a way that a given group copes with the environment (R) Culturally biased factors (R) - correct answersConcepts on an exam or test that you would have to have a knowledge of a given culture to answer correctly (R) 15. Cultural Encapsulation - correct answersA substitution of modal stereotypes for the real world; disregarding of cultural variations in a dogmatic adherence to some universal notion of truth; use of a technique-oriented definition of the counseling process --results in a counselor having rigid role definitions and implanting biases of what defines "normal" (p. 93) Culture fair tests (R) - correct answersContain items that are equally well known to people regardless of the culture (R) Culture free tests (R) - correct answersAnswers do not depend on the knowledge of any culture (R) Cultural pluralism (R) - correct answersWhen retains it's own cultural practices while incorporating elements of the dominant culture (R) Cultural relativity (R) - correct answersPersonality can only be understood within the context of the culture the person was raised in (R) 16. Double Jeopardy - correct answersThe prosecution of a person twice for the same offense. 17. Emic - correct answersViewpoint that believes the counselor can understand a client best by understanding his or her perspective from a cultural standpoint (vs. etic) (R) Enculturation (R) - correct answersAcquiring the patterns and characteristics of the particular culture (R) 18. Ethnicity - correct answersPertaining to group learning, not as visible as race (R) 19. Ethnocentrism - correct answersThe belief of superiority is one's personal ethnic group, but it can also develop from racial or religious differences. Ethnocentric individuals believe that they are better than other individuals for reasons based solely on their heritage. 20. Ethnography - correct answersThe systematic study of people and cultures. It is designed to explore cultural phenomena where the researcher observes society from the point of view of the subject of the study. An ethnography is a means to represent graphically and in writing the culture of a group. 21. Etic - correct answersA viewpoint that says people are more alike than different, counselors should focus on similarities not differences (memory device: etiquette=treat all people the same) (vs. etic) (R) 22. Familismo - correct answersHigh value Latinos places on family loyalty and unity (p. 69) Foot in the door phenomenon (R) - correct answers(Friedman and Frasier) ask for a small request that is somewhat negative and it is granted then you can go back to the person and ask for a larger request even if it is somewhat negative (R) 23. Heteronormativity - correct answersThe belief that people fall into distinct and complementary genders (man and woman) with natural roles in life. It asserts that heterosexuality is the only sexual orientation or only norm, and states that sexual and marital relations are most (or only) fitting between people of opposite sexes. 24. Heterosexism - correct answersDiscrimination or prejudice against gay/lesbian people on the assumption that heterosexuality is the normal sexual orientation. 25. Intersex - correct answersA group of conditions where there is a discrepancy between the external genitals and the internal genitals (the testes and ovaries). The older term for this condition is hermaphroditism 26. Jim Crow Laws - correct answersState and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States. 27. Locus of Control - correct answersA continuum from internal to external; how much control one has over their future Internal control: belief that reinforcements are contingent on their own actions; they can shape their fate External control: belief that reinforcing events occur independently of their actions; the future is determined more by luck 28. Locus of Responsibility - correct answersdegree of responsibility or blame placed on the individual or system (p. 138) 29. Machismo - correct answersThe sense of being manly, the concept associated with "a strong sense of masculine pride...[with] the supreme valuation of characteristics culturally associated with the masculine and a denigration of characteristics associated with the feminine." 30. Marianismo - correct answersAn aspect of the female gender role in the machismo of Hispanic American folk culture. It is the veneration for feminine virtues like purity and moral strength. 31. Microaggression - correct answersThe everyday verbal, nonverbal, and environmental slights, snubs, or insults, whether intentional or unintentional, that communicate hostile, derogatory, or negative messages to target persons based solely upon their marginalized group membership Milgram's Study (R) - correct answersGiving electric shocks when someone got a wrong answer at instruction of someone in authority, 65% of participants still gave the maximum voltage even when the victims were screaming, 25% gave the maximum voltage even when the victim was in the same room (R) Minority (R) - correct answersPure numerical term- less people, or persons who are oppressed or receive unequal treatments, some do not use this term because it implies inferiority (R) 32. Monochromic Time - correct answersMonochronic cultures like to do just one thing at a time. They value a certain orderliness and sense of there being an appropriate time and place for everything. They do not value interruptions. They like to concentrate on the job at hand and take time commitments very seriously. 33. Motivational Interview - correct answersA method that works on facilitating and engaging intrinsic motivation within the client in order to change behavior. MI is a goal-oriented, client-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence. 34. Multicultural Counseling - correct answersA type of counseling in which the counselor sees a client with a different sociocultural background; some believe this grew out of civil rights movement and minority movements for equality (R) Multiculturalism (R) - correct answers study of race culture and ethnicity (R) National culture (R) - correct answers government shapes the way we live (R) Norms (R) - correct answers each culture has these, expectations regarding how people should behave, keep cultural behavior somewhat predictable, can tell counselors what constitutes adjustment in the environment (can be trouble with Dx) (R)