WILKES NSG 552 PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
EXAM 1 FINAL EXAM PAPER 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Chemical synapses rely on in order to provide communication
between neurons.
A) diffusion
B) gap junctions
C) satellite cells
D) transmitter molecules. Answer: D) transmitter molecules
◉ The blood-brain and CSF-brain barriers control the chemical
environment of the brain by allowing easy entrance to only a few
chemicals that include:
A) oxygen.
B) protein.
C) glutamate.
D) potassium.. Answer: A) oxygen.
◉ The perception of where a stimulus is in space and in relation to
body parts is a function of the:
A) occipital lobe.
,B) parietal lobe.
C) hypothalamus.
D) prefrontal cortex.. Answer: B) parietal lobe.
◉ The pia mater is a connective tissue sheath that covers the spinal
cord and also contains:
A) spinal fluid.
B) fibrocartilage.
C) blood vessels.
D) segmental nerves.. Answer: B) fibrocartilage.
◉ Which of the following is the neurotransmitter for most
postganglion sympathetic neurons?
A) Enkephalin
B) Glutamic acid
C) Catecholamines
D) Acetylcholine. Answer: C) Catecholamines
◉ In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the functions of
the parasympathetic nervous system include:
A) sweating.
B) anabolism.
,C) pupil dilation.
D) vasoconstriction.. Answer: B) anabolism.
◉ Which of the following substances provides the majority of the
fuel needs of the neurologic system? A) Glycogen
B) Glucose
C) Amino acids
D) Triglycerides. Answer: B) Glucose
◉ A 60-year-old woman has been recently diagnosed with multiple
sclerosis, a disease in which the oligodendrocytes of the patients
central nervous system (CNS) are progressively destroyed. Which
physiologic process within the neurologic system is most likely be
affected by this disease process?
A) Oxygen metabolism
B) Neurotransmitter synthesis
C) Nerve conduction
D) Production of cerebrospinal fluid. Answer: C) Nerve conduction
◉ A neuron has been hyperpolarized. How will this affect the
excitability of the neuron?
A) The neuron will have a membrane potential farther from the
threshold.
B) The neuron will be more difficult to repolarize after firing.
, C) The membrane potential of the neuron will be closer to the
threshold.
D) The neurons excitability will be significantly increased.. Answer:
A) The neuron will have a membrane potential farther from the
threshold.
◉ A pregnant womans most recent ultrasound is suggestive of spina
bifida, and her primary care provider has subsequently order
further diagnostic testing. The pathophysiologic effects of this
disease are due to:
A) malformation of the mesoderm.
B) abnormal closure of the neural tube.
C) lesions in the dorsal root ganglia.
D) hypertrophy of the primary vesicles.. Answer: B) abnormal
closure of the neural tube.
◉ Which of the following messages is most likely to be carried by
general somatic afferent (GSA) neurons?
A) The sensation of cold when touching ice
B) The message to move a finger and thumb
C) The message to move the larynx during speech D) Information
about the position of a joint. Answer: A) The sensation of cold when
touching ice
EXAM 1 FINAL EXAM PAPER 2026 SOLVED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Chemical synapses rely on in order to provide communication
between neurons.
A) diffusion
B) gap junctions
C) satellite cells
D) transmitter molecules. Answer: D) transmitter molecules
◉ The blood-brain and CSF-brain barriers control the chemical
environment of the brain by allowing easy entrance to only a few
chemicals that include:
A) oxygen.
B) protein.
C) glutamate.
D) potassium.. Answer: A) oxygen.
◉ The perception of where a stimulus is in space and in relation to
body parts is a function of the:
A) occipital lobe.
,B) parietal lobe.
C) hypothalamus.
D) prefrontal cortex.. Answer: B) parietal lobe.
◉ The pia mater is a connective tissue sheath that covers the spinal
cord and also contains:
A) spinal fluid.
B) fibrocartilage.
C) blood vessels.
D) segmental nerves.. Answer: B) fibrocartilage.
◉ Which of the following is the neurotransmitter for most
postganglion sympathetic neurons?
A) Enkephalin
B) Glutamic acid
C) Catecholamines
D) Acetylcholine. Answer: C) Catecholamines
◉ In contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, the functions of
the parasympathetic nervous system include:
A) sweating.
B) anabolism.
,C) pupil dilation.
D) vasoconstriction.. Answer: B) anabolism.
◉ Which of the following substances provides the majority of the
fuel needs of the neurologic system? A) Glycogen
B) Glucose
C) Amino acids
D) Triglycerides. Answer: B) Glucose
◉ A 60-year-old woman has been recently diagnosed with multiple
sclerosis, a disease in which the oligodendrocytes of the patients
central nervous system (CNS) are progressively destroyed. Which
physiologic process within the neurologic system is most likely be
affected by this disease process?
A) Oxygen metabolism
B) Neurotransmitter synthesis
C) Nerve conduction
D) Production of cerebrospinal fluid. Answer: C) Nerve conduction
◉ A neuron has been hyperpolarized. How will this affect the
excitability of the neuron?
A) The neuron will have a membrane potential farther from the
threshold.
B) The neuron will be more difficult to repolarize after firing.
, C) The membrane potential of the neuron will be closer to the
threshold.
D) The neurons excitability will be significantly increased.. Answer:
A) The neuron will have a membrane potential farther from the
threshold.
◉ A pregnant womans most recent ultrasound is suggestive of spina
bifida, and her primary care provider has subsequently order
further diagnostic testing. The pathophysiologic effects of this
disease are due to:
A) malformation of the mesoderm.
B) abnormal closure of the neural tube.
C) lesions in the dorsal root ganglia.
D) hypertrophy of the primary vesicles.. Answer: B) abnormal
closure of the neural tube.
◉ Which of the following messages is most likely to be carried by
general somatic afferent (GSA) neurons?
A) The sensation of cold when touching ice
B) The message to move a finger and thumb
C) The message to move the larynx during speech D) Information
about the position of a joint. Answer: A) The sensation of cold when
touching ice
