PHARMACOLOGY NURS 251 MODULE 4 FINAL
EXAM PAPER 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
◉ What factors effect absorption or drugs? Answer: First-pass effect
(how much drug is metabolized by liver)
Food
Milk
Antacids
Grapefruit juice
Route of administration
Coatings
◉ What are the seven "rights"? Answer: Right Dose
Right Documentation
Right Drug
Right Patient
Right Route
Right Time
Right of Refusal
,◉ What are the fastest to slowest routes of administration? Answer:
IV, SL, IM, SubQ, Oral, Topical
◉ When we think of excretion, we think of __________. Answer:
Kidneys
◉ If there is impaired excretion, it could lead to______. Answer:
Toxicity
◉ Explain a schedule C-1 Drug Answer: Most addictive, high
potential for abuse, no medical use
◉ With Warfarin, the patient should avoid________. Why? Answer:
Leafy Greens
Due to the decreased anticoagulant effect
◉ Tetracycline and Quinolones patients should avoid______________.
Answer: Dairy Products due to the decreased treatment effect due to
absorption
◉ Statin, Antidsyrhythmics and CCB patients should
avoid____________________. Answer: Grapefruit Juice
, ◉ MAO inhibitor patients and Linezolid patients should
avoid_________________. Answer: Foods with tyramine due to the raised
blood pressure and a possible hypertensive crisis.
◉ Why is the enzyme cytochrome P450 important? Answer: It is
involved with a lot of drug to drug reactions because the drugs all
bind to the same substrate. Either the drug has a lowered treatment
effect or the drug becomes toxic because of the amount of free drug
in the body.
◉ How is hypertension treated in African Americans? Answer: With
CCB's and diuretics in combination therapy
◉ What do you need to be aware of with the Asian and Hispanic
populations? Answer: They can be slow acetylators. Antipsychotics
and antianxiety drugs take longer to metabolize. Therefore, a lower
dosage may be needed.
◉ Rapid Acetylators have higher levels of _______ and need ___________
doses of some drugs because otherwise the treatment will be ______.
Answer: Cytochrome P-450
Higher (They metabolize the drug too fast)
Sub-Therapeutic
EXAM PAPER 2026 SOLVED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
◉ What factors effect absorption or drugs? Answer: First-pass effect
(how much drug is metabolized by liver)
Food
Milk
Antacids
Grapefruit juice
Route of administration
Coatings
◉ What are the seven "rights"? Answer: Right Dose
Right Documentation
Right Drug
Right Patient
Right Route
Right Time
Right of Refusal
,◉ What are the fastest to slowest routes of administration? Answer:
IV, SL, IM, SubQ, Oral, Topical
◉ When we think of excretion, we think of __________. Answer:
Kidneys
◉ If there is impaired excretion, it could lead to______. Answer:
Toxicity
◉ Explain a schedule C-1 Drug Answer: Most addictive, high
potential for abuse, no medical use
◉ With Warfarin, the patient should avoid________. Why? Answer:
Leafy Greens
Due to the decreased anticoagulant effect
◉ Tetracycline and Quinolones patients should avoid______________.
Answer: Dairy Products due to the decreased treatment effect due to
absorption
◉ Statin, Antidsyrhythmics and CCB patients should
avoid____________________. Answer: Grapefruit Juice
, ◉ MAO inhibitor patients and Linezolid patients should
avoid_________________. Answer: Foods with tyramine due to the raised
blood pressure and a possible hypertensive crisis.
◉ Why is the enzyme cytochrome P450 important? Answer: It is
involved with a lot of drug to drug reactions because the drugs all
bind to the same substrate. Either the drug has a lowered treatment
effect or the drug becomes toxic because of the amount of free drug
in the body.
◉ How is hypertension treated in African Americans? Answer: With
CCB's and diuretics in combination therapy
◉ What do you need to be aware of with the Asian and Hispanic
populations? Answer: They can be slow acetylators. Antipsychotics
and antianxiety drugs take longer to metabolize. Therefore, a lower
dosage may be needed.
◉ Rapid Acetylators have higher levels of _______ and need ___________
doses of some drugs because otherwise the treatment will be ______.
Answer: Cytochrome P-450
Higher (They metabolize the drug too fast)
Sub-Therapeutic
