IMMUNOLOGY KUBY CHAPTER 1
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Immunology has allowed for: - Correct Answers -Vaccine development, transplantation,
pharmaceutical drug development.
Immune system is intertwined with many other systems and functions such as: - Correct
Answers -endocrine, nervous, metabolic systems and homeostasis.
Immunis: latin for - Correct Answers -exempt
immunity - Correct Answers -state of protection from infectious disease
15th Century chinese and turks versions of vaccination - Correct Answers -inoculated
individuals with dried crusts from pustules, inhaled or variolation
Who experimented with cowpox on an 8 yr old boy - Correct Answers -Edward Jenner
1798
Who marketed the idea of attenuation and vaccines? With what experiment? - Correct
Answers -Louis Pasteur 1880 with chicken and cholera.
Joseph Meister 1885? - Correct Answers -Received first human rabies vaccine from
pasteur and then went on to become a janitor at pasteurs clinic.
Herd Immunity - Correct Answers -Works by decreasing the number of individuals who
can harbor and spread an infectious agent, significantly decreasing the chances that
susceptible individuals will become infected.
Darker side to eradication of diseases - Correct Answers -eradicated; stop vaccination
programs
herd immunity decreases
population with no immunity
potential bioterrorism threat
phagocytosis - Correct Answers -monocytes, neutrophils, macriphages.
PRRs are toll-like receptors
, phagocytosis - Correct Answers -make a physical contact and initiates the process of
phagocytosis. Eats the bacteria and forms pseudopods around the pathogen referred to
as a phagosome and then fuses with a lysozome.
APC: Antigen Presenting Cells - Correct Answers -macrophages or dendritic cells will
both go through phagocytosis, once the antigen is consumed, they then present the
antigen complex to the T-helper cells.
INNATE IMMUNITY SHOWING TO ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY. B-CELLS IS ADAPTIVE
TALKING TO ADAPTIVE
future directions of vaccines - Correct Answers -targets: malaria / HIV
goals: inexpensive, no refrigeration, easy to administer
Metchnikoff & Ehrlick 1883 - Correct Answers -Phagocytes ingested microbes and
foreign material.
more actie in immunized animals.
demonstrated cell-mediated immunity
von Behring & Kitasato 1890 - Correct Answers -demonstrated humoral immunity.
serum from immunized animals transfer immunity to diptheria from one organism to
another
Demonstrations of humoral immunity - Correct Answers -antitoxin= neutralize toxins
precipitin= precipitate toxins
agglutinin= agglutinate bacteria
The Great Debate: - Correct Answers -Cellular vs Humoral Immunity
Glick and Chang - Correct Answers -Glick identified that 2 lymphocytes derived from the
thymus and derived from bursa which was cellular immunity.
chang needed salmonella antibodies and injected the chickens lacking the bursa which
died, this showed humoral immunity.
antigen - Correct Answers -non-self or rogue self.
provokes immune response.
capable of reacting with products of immune response.
Selective Theory - Correct Answers -cells have side chain receptors, receptor specificity
determined before exposure, receptors interact with antigens "lock and key", induces
cell to produce and release more receptors... 1900s ehrlich
Instructional Theories - Correct Answers -antigen determine antibody specificity,
antibodies fold around antigen.
brienl, haurowitz, pauling 1930/1940s
disproved in 1960's
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Immunology has allowed for: - Correct Answers -Vaccine development, transplantation,
pharmaceutical drug development.
Immune system is intertwined with many other systems and functions such as: - Correct
Answers -endocrine, nervous, metabolic systems and homeostasis.
Immunis: latin for - Correct Answers -exempt
immunity - Correct Answers -state of protection from infectious disease
15th Century chinese and turks versions of vaccination - Correct Answers -inoculated
individuals with dried crusts from pustules, inhaled or variolation
Who experimented with cowpox on an 8 yr old boy - Correct Answers -Edward Jenner
1798
Who marketed the idea of attenuation and vaccines? With what experiment? - Correct
Answers -Louis Pasteur 1880 with chicken and cholera.
Joseph Meister 1885? - Correct Answers -Received first human rabies vaccine from
pasteur and then went on to become a janitor at pasteurs clinic.
Herd Immunity - Correct Answers -Works by decreasing the number of individuals who
can harbor and spread an infectious agent, significantly decreasing the chances that
susceptible individuals will become infected.
Darker side to eradication of diseases - Correct Answers -eradicated; stop vaccination
programs
herd immunity decreases
population with no immunity
potential bioterrorism threat
phagocytosis - Correct Answers -monocytes, neutrophils, macriphages.
PRRs are toll-like receptors
, phagocytosis - Correct Answers -make a physical contact and initiates the process of
phagocytosis. Eats the bacteria and forms pseudopods around the pathogen referred to
as a phagosome and then fuses with a lysozome.
APC: Antigen Presenting Cells - Correct Answers -macrophages or dendritic cells will
both go through phagocytosis, once the antigen is consumed, they then present the
antigen complex to the T-helper cells.
INNATE IMMUNITY SHOWING TO ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY. B-CELLS IS ADAPTIVE
TALKING TO ADAPTIVE
future directions of vaccines - Correct Answers -targets: malaria / HIV
goals: inexpensive, no refrigeration, easy to administer
Metchnikoff & Ehrlick 1883 - Correct Answers -Phagocytes ingested microbes and
foreign material.
more actie in immunized animals.
demonstrated cell-mediated immunity
von Behring & Kitasato 1890 - Correct Answers -demonstrated humoral immunity.
serum from immunized animals transfer immunity to diptheria from one organism to
another
Demonstrations of humoral immunity - Correct Answers -antitoxin= neutralize toxins
precipitin= precipitate toxins
agglutinin= agglutinate bacteria
The Great Debate: - Correct Answers -Cellular vs Humoral Immunity
Glick and Chang - Correct Answers -Glick identified that 2 lymphocytes derived from the
thymus and derived from bursa which was cellular immunity.
chang needed salmonella antibodies and injected the chickens lacking the bursa which
died, this showed humoral immunity.
antigen - Correct Answers -non-self or rogue self.
provokes immune response.
capable of reacting with products of immune response.
Selective Theory - Correct Answers -cells have side chain receptors, receptor specificity
determined before exposure, receptors interact with antigens "lock and key", induces
cell to produce and release more receptors... 1900s ehrlich
Instructional Theories - Correct Answers -antigen determine antibody specificity,
antibodies fold around antigen.
brienl, haurowitz, pauling 1930/1940s
disproved in 1960's
