GNRS 515 Patho Exam 1 Questions With Correct Answers

GNRS 515 Patho Exam 1 Questions With
Correct Answers


Cellular |Adaptation |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-1.Atrophy: |decrease |in |cell |size



2.Hypertrophy: |increase |in |cell |size



3.Hyperplasia: |increase |in |cell |number



4. |Metaplasia: |reversible |replacement |of |one |mature |cell |type |by |another |less |mature |cell |
type



5.Dysplasia |(atypical |hyperplasia): |deranged |cellular |growth |(size, |shape, |and |organization)



Metaplasia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Reversible |replacement |of |one |cell |by |another |cell |type



Bronchial |metaplasia: |(in |smokers)

- |normal |columnar |ciliated |epithelial |cells, |are |replaced |by |stratified |squamous |epithelial |cells |
(no |mucus |secretion, |no |cilia)

- |Can |be |reversed

- |Can |be |transformed |into |cancer



Barrett |esophagus:

- |normal |squamous |epithelial |lining |of |the |esophagus, |is |replaced |by |columnar |epithelium |
(goblet |cells |of |the |intestines)

,- |occurs |as |an |adaptation |to |the |chronic |irritation |of |GERD

- |predisposes |to |esophageal |adenocarcinoma



Non-dividing |cells, |such |as |myocardial |fibers, |are |capable |of |hypertrophy, |but |not |hyperplasia



A.True

B.False |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A.True



Dysplasia |is |a |common |type |of |normal |cellular |adaptation



A.True

B.False |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-B.False



Hypertrophy |and |hyperplasia |rarely |occur |together.



A.True

B.False |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-B.False



A |man |with |a |history |of |smoking |has |a |bronchial |biopsy |showing |that |the |normal |columnar |
ciliated |epithelial |cells |have |been |replaced |by |stratified |squamous |epithelial |cells. |The |man |is |
correctly |told |that |this |process |could |be |reversed |if |he |quits |smoking



A.True

B.False |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A.True



Dysplastic |changes |may |be |reversible, |but |more |commonly |become |malignant.

,A.True

B.False |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A.True



Which |type |of |cell |adaptation |occurs |when |normal |columnar |ciliated |epithelial |cells |of |the |
bronchial |lining |have |been |replaced |by |stratified |squamous |epithelial |cells?



A.Hyperplasia

B.Metaplasia

C.Dysplasia

D.Anaplasia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-B.Metaplasia



The |mammary |glands |enlarge |during |pregnancy |primarily |as |a |consequence |of:



A.compensatory |hyperplasia

B.hormonal |hyperplasia

C.hormonal |anaplasia

D.hormonal |dysplasia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-B.hormonal |hyperplasia



When |the |heart's |workload |increases, |what |changes |occur |to |the |myocardial |cells?



A.They |divide

B.They |increase |in |size

C.They |increase |in |number

D.They |undergo |metaplasia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-B.They |increase |in |size



After |ovulation, |the |uterine |endometrial |cells |divide |under |the |influence |of |estrogen; |this |is |an
|example |of |hormonal:

, A.hyperplasia.

B.dysplasia.

C.Hypertrophy

D.Anaplasia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-A.hyperplasia.



The |abnormal |proliferation |of |cells |in |response |to |excessive |hormonal |stimulation |is |called:



A.dysplasia.

B.pathologic |dysplasia

C.Hyperplasia

D.pathologic |hyperplasia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-D.pathologic |hyperplasia



Removal |of |part |of |the |liver |leads |to |______________ |of |the |remaining |liver |cells



A.dysplasia

B.metaplasia

C.compensatory |hyperplasia

D.compensatory |dysplasia |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-C.compensatory |hyperplasia



Manifestations |of |cellular |injury |- |CORRECT |ANSWER✔✔-Water

-Cause: |Hypoxia, |reduced |ATP, |increased |intracellular |Na

-Ex: |Early |in |cell |injury



Lipids

-Cause: |Imbalance |in |production, |utilization, |or |mobilization |of |lipids