WGU D514 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION
EXAMS 2026 FULL SOLUTION 100%
CORRECT.
◍ Chi-Square Test.Answer:Determines if an association exists
between two categorical variables. Qualitative in nature.
Tests for relationships between categorical variables. Chi Square is
used when you are comparing values you can observe with those you
expect.
• Chi square is a group of tests generally used with qualitative or non-
normal data. There are chi-square tests that can be used to compare
independent measures as well as tests to look for differences or for
relationships
Example: The owner of a laboratory wants to keep sick leave as low
as possible by keeping employees healthy through disease prevention
programs. Many employees get flu in the winter months, leading to
productivity problems due to sick leave from the disease. There are
many sources for flu vaccine today, and the owner believes that it is
important to get as many employees vaccinated as possible. Due to a
regional shortage, there was only enough vaccine for half the
employees, last flu season. In effect, there are two groups; employees
who received the vaccine and employees who did not receive the
vaccine. The company sent a nurse to every employee who calls in
sick with flu, to provide care if needed, and provide a nursing
assessment. They kept track of the number of employees who
contracted flu and the severity of symptoms.
,◍ Control Group.Answer:this group of patients does not receive the
treatment that is being studied
◍ Experimental Group.Answer:This group receives the treatment
being studied with follow-up observation to determine the effect of
the treatment.
◍ F-test.Answer:The F-test is designed to test if two population
variances are equal. The ratio of the two variances is compared. If
they are equal, the ratio of the variances will be 1.
For equality of variance: It is most often used when comparing
statistical models that have been fitted to a data set, to identify the
model that best fits the population from which the data were sampled.
Ensuring two samples are 'not statistically different'.
Two population variables are equal.
Rules for tests F, z and t: dependent variable must be measured on the
interval scale; samples must come from normally distributed
population; for tests z and t, the variance of the samples must be
equal.
◍ Frequency.Answer:measure how often a particular value occurs to
assess the importance of a value or check the variation of the values in
a study.
◍ Hypothesis.Answer:A proposed explanation for an observation that
leads to a prediction. Through investigation and the use of statistical
data, those doing the study will either confirm or reject the
,hypothesis. Testing the hypothesis will show if there is a link (or not)
between two or more variables.
◍ Integrity.Answer:Research always makes some assumptions,
depending on the type of method used. Research assumptions must be
identified to determine possible breaches of integrity.
◍ Interval Data.Answer:includes units of equal size, such as IQ
results. There is no zero point. An example of interval scale is time:
Time is measured in 24 hours in each day; the time between each hour
is the same, 60 minutes.
◍ Mean.Answer:The arithmetic average. Divide the sum of all scores
by the total number of scores.
◍ Median.Answer:The midpoint of the distribution of values, or the
point above or below which 50 % of the values fall.
◍ Methods section components.Answer:When analyzing the quality
of a study, a careful evaluation of the research methods can reveal
critical details about population and sample, covariables and
hypothesis, data presentation, statistical analysis, and study
limitations.
◍ Misleading statistics components.Answer:Interpreting and
presenting the results of data analysis affords many opportunities for
accidental or deliberate misrepresentation of the data. Common
examples include implying causation, extrapolating beyond the
, reasonable, relying on a biased or incomplete sample, and using
inappropriate graphical representations.
◍ Mode.Answer:the value that occurs most frequently in the data.
Think most
◍ Multivariate regression analyses.Answer:Can be used to analyze
and adjust risk. This analysis model contrasts each measured factor to
the patients risk of a particular outcome.
◍ Nominal data.Answer:Can be measured as a frequency or
percentage, and the mean of these data cannot be calculated. Nominal
data in healthcare might include demographic data about patients. The
work nominal means "pertaining to name"
Names (category)
Nominal Data: various cancer types; different insurance companies;
physician specialties offered at a clinic; types of medical units in a
hospital (ICU, pediatrics, med-surg)
◍ Ordinal Data.Answer:can be measured as a frequency, and the
mean of ordinal data is often calculated. Ordinal data in healthcare
might include patient satisfaction surveys using a Likert scale. The
word ordinal means to "put in order"
Ordinal Data: data found in a Likert scale; pain scale; stages of
cancer; trimesters of pregnancy.
Ordinal Variable is a type of variable where the order or ranking of
values matters, but the differences between values may not be
uniform. In ordinal variables, the intervals between values are not
EXAMS 2026 FULL SOLUTION 100%
CORRECT.
◍ Chi-Square Test.Answer:Determines if an association exists
between two categorical variables. Qualitative in nature.
Tests for relationships between categorical variables. Chi Square is
used when you are comparing values you can observe with those you
expect.
• Chi square is a group of tests generally used with qualitative or non-
normal data. There are chi-square tests that can be used to compare
independent measures as well as tests to look for differences or for
relationships
Example: The owner of a laboratory wants to keep sick leave as low
as possible by keeping employees healthy through disease prevention
programs. Many employees get flu in the winter months, leading to
productivity problems due to sick leave from the disease. There are
many sources for flu vaccine today, and the owner believes that it is
important to get as many employees vaccinated as possible. Due to a
regional shortage, there was only enough vaccine for half the
employees, last flu season. In effect, there are two groups; employees
who received the vaccine and employees who did not receive the
vaccine. The company sent a nurse to every employee who calls in
sick with flu, to provide care if needed, and provide a nursing
assessment. They kept track of the number of employees who
contracted flu and the severity of symptoms.
,◍ Control Group.Answer:this group of patients does not receive the
treatment that is being studied
◍ Experimental Group.Answer:This group receives the treatment
being studied with follow-up observation to determine the effect of
the treatment.
◍ F-test.Answer:The F-test is designed to test if two population
variances are equal. The ratio of the two variances is compared. If
they are equal, the ratio of the variances will be 1.
For equality of variance: It is most often used when comparing
statistical models that have been fitted to a data set, to identify the
model that best fits the population from which the data were sampled.
Ensuring two samples are 'not statistically different'.
Two population variables are equal.
Rules for tests F, z and t: dependent variable must be measured on the
interval scale; samples must come from normally distributed
population; for tests z and t, the variance of the samples must be
equal.
◍ Frequency.Answer:measure how often a particular value occurs to
assess the importance of a value or check the variation of the values in
a study.
◍ Hypothesis.Answer:A proposed explanation for an observation that
leads to a prediction. Through investigation and the use of statistical
data, those doing the study will either confirm or reject the
,hypothesis. Testing the hypothesis will show if there is a link (or not)
between two or more variables.
◍ Integrity.Answer:Research always makes some assumptions,
depending on the type of method used. Research assumptions must be
identified to determine possible breaches of integrity.
◍ Interval Data.Answer:includes units of equal size, such as IQ
results. There is no zero point. An example of interval scale is time:
Time is measured in 24 hours in each day; the time between each hour
is the same, 60 minutes.
◍ Mean.Answer:The arithmetic average. Divide the sum of all scores
by the total number of scores.
◍ Median.Answer:The midpoint of the distribution of values, or the
point above or below which 50 % of the values fall.
◍ Methods section components.Answer:When analyzing the quality
of a study, a careful evaluation of the research methods can reveal
critical details about population and sample, covariables and
hypothesis, data presentation, statistical analysis, and study
limitations.
◍ Misleading statistics components.Answer:Interpreting and
presenting the results of data analysis affords many opportunities for
accidental or deliberate misrepresentation of the data. Common
examples include implying causation, extrapolating beyond the
, reasonable, relying on a biased or incomplete sample, and using
inappropriate graphical representations.
◍ Mode.Answer:the value that occurs most frequently in the data.
Think most
◍ Multivariate regression analyses.Answer:Can be used to analyze
and adjust risk. This analysis model contrasts each measured factor to
the patients risk of a particular outcome.
◍ Nominal data.Answer:Can be measured as a frequency or
percentage, and the mean of these data cannot be calculated. Nominal
data in healthcare might include demographic data about patients. The
work nominal means "pertaining to name"
Names (category)
Nominal Data: various cancer types; different insurance companies;
physician specialties offered at a clinic; types of medical units in a
hospital (ICU, pediatrics, med-surg)
◍ Ordinal Data.Answer:can be measured as a frequency, and the
mean of ordinal data is often calculated. Ordinal data in healthcare
might include patient satisfaction surveys using a Likert scale. The
word ordinal means to "put in order"
Ordinal Data: data found in a Likert scale; pain scale; stages of
cancer; trimesters of pregnancy.
Ordinal Variable is a type of variable where the order or ranking of
values matters, but the differences between values may not be
uniform. In ordinal variables, the intervals between values are not
