NURS 231 PATHOPHYS FINAL EXAM
LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+.
T/F A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - correct answer False
T/F Barrett esophagus is an example of dysplasia - correct answer false
T/F hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the number of
cells - correct answer True
T/F Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - correct answer True
X proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease - correct answer sensitivity
X how likely the same result will occur if repeated - correct answer reliability
X how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - correct answer validity
X people without the disease who are negative on a given test - correct answer specificity
M Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - correct answer it includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
M Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - correct answer 1: Proteins carry
out the functions of the cell membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
M Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - correct answer 1: Controls the
transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
,3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
M Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - correct answer 1: They are found far
from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
M High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - correct answer pathophysiology
X A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are these examples of? -
correct answer signs and symptoms
X Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - correct answer If negative, it can safely be
assumed that the person does not have a disease
M Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? - correct answer Etiologic
factors
Z Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - correct answer Tertiary prevention occurs after a
disease has been diagnosed and clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration.
One example is the use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to help reduce the risk
of a future event or death.
Z Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - correct answer In dry gangrene the
affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black.
The spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and is a form of
coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist,
black, and under tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by
bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
Z Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis. - correct answer
necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue with still being apart of a living person. An example of this
would be luiquefactive necrosis. this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do not get
destroyed after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
, XX sunburn - correct answer radiation injury
XX obesity - correct answer nutritional imbalances
XX reactive oxygen species - correct answer free radical injury
XX low oxygen to tissues - correct answer hypoxic cell injury
XX fractures - correct answer physical agents
XX OTC drugs - correct answer Chemical injury
XX hypothermia - correct answer physical agents
XX radiation treatment - correct answer radiation injury
XX lead toxicity - correct answer chemical injury
XX bacteria - correct answer biologic agents
Z List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example of each. - correct
answer Epithelial tissue- covers the body's outer surface, it is avascular and gets its o2 from the
capillaries found in the neighboring connective tissues, and example of this is simple squamous tissue
which means one layer of thin cells.
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue- is found all throughout the body, helps with communication between tissues and the
central nervous system. it aids in the functions of the body due to internal and external stimuli, helps
with movement, and electrical signaling. neurons are an example of this, they aid in communicating to
other cells in the body, they are held and supported by glial cells.
Connective tissue
LATEST UPDATE GRADED A+.
T/F A bodybuilder's muscles will display hyperplasia. - correct answer False
T/F Barrett esophagus is an example of dysplasia - correct answer false
T/F hypertrophy is an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by an increase in the number of
cells - correct answer True
T/F Lack of nerve stimulation can cause cells to atrophy - correct answer True
X proportion of people with a disease who are positive for the disease - correct answer sensitivity
X how likely the same result will occur if repeated - correct answer reliability
X how a tool measures what it is intended to measure - correct answer validity
X people without the disease who are negative on a given test - correct answer specificity
M Which is NOT true of the cytoskeleton? - correct answer it includes peroxisomes and proteasomes
M Which of the following are true of the cell? Select all that apply. - correct answer 1: Proteins carry
out the functions of the cell membrane
2:Lysosomes are the digestive system of the cell
3:Microfilaments are thin, threadlike cytoplasmic structures
M Which are true of the cell membrane? Select all that apply. - correct answer 1: Controls the
transport of materials from the outside fluids to within
2:Helps with the conduction of electrical currents in nerve and muscle cells
,3: Aids in the regulation of cell growth and proliferation
M Which are false of the mitochondria? Select all that apply. - correct answer 1: They are found far
from the site of energy consumption.
2:They control free radicals.
M High blood pressure is an example of which of the following? - correct answer pathophysiology
X A patient complains of chest pain and an elevated blood pressure. What are these examples of? -
correct answer signs and symptoms
X Which of the following is true of a test's sensitivity? - correct answer If negative, it can safely be
assumed that the person does not have a disease
M Chemical agents (poison, alcohol) are examples of which of the following? - correct answer Etiologic
factors
Z Define tertiary prevention and give an example: - correct answer Tertiary prevention occurs after a
disease has been diagnosed and clinical intervention is needed to reduce complications or deterioration.
One example is the use of certain medications one must take after a heart attack to help reduce the risk
of a future event or death.
Z Compare and contrast the two types of gangrenous necrosis. - correct answer In dry gangrene the
affected tissue becomes dry and shrinks, the skin wrinkles, and its color changes to dark brown or black.
The spread of dry gangrene is slow. It results from a cut off in arterial blood supply and is a form of
coagulation necrosis. In wet gangrene, the affected area is cold, swollen, and pulseless. The skin is moist,
black, and under tension. Blebs form on the surface, liquefaction occurs, and a foul odor is caused by
bacterial action. The spread of tissue damage is rapid.
Z Explain what necrosis is and give an example and description of one type of necrosis. - correct answer
necrosis is cell death to an organ or tissue with still being apart of a living person. An example of this
would be luiquefactive necrosis. this is when the cells die and the catalytic enzymes do not get
destroyed after the cells death. This could cause necrosis
, XX sunburn - correct answer radiation injury
XX obesity - correct answer nutritional imbalances
XX reactive oxygen species - correct answer free radical injury
XX low oxygen to tissues - correct answer hypoxic cell injury
XX fractures - correct answer physical agents
XX OTC drugs - correct answer Chemical injury
XX hypothermia - correct answer physical agents
XX radiation treatment - correct answer radiation injury
XX lead toxicity - correct answer chemical injury
XX bacteria - correct answer biologic agents
Z List the 4 types of tissue found in the body. Pick 2 and give a description and example of each. - correct
answer Epithelial tissue- covers the body's outer surface, it is avascular and gets its o2 from the
capillaries found in the neighboring connective tissues, and example of this is simple squamous tissue
which means one layer of thin cells.
Muscular tissue
Nervous tissue- is found all throughout the body, helps with communication between tissues and the
central nervous system. it aids in the functions of the body due to internal and external stimuli, helps
with movement, and electrical signaling. neurons are an example of this, they aid in communicating to
other cells in the body, they are held and supported by glial cells.
Connective tissue
