Final NSE111 Exam Review Questions
With 100% Correct Solutions 2025-
2026 Updated.
Nursing Process (ADPIE) - Answer Assessment: collection of data important to client's health
status or situation in order to fully understand client's priority needs
Diagnosis: analysis of assessment data to determine key issues and make clinical judgements in
the form of a nursing diagnosis, involves creation of outcomes or goals for client's situation
Planning: creating plan that identifies strategies to reach outcomes or goals
Implementation: carrying out plan
Evaluation: reflection on success of reaching outcome
DIPPS - Answer Dignity: preserve their dignity; the state of feeling worthy, valued and
respected
Independence: patients need to do what they can for themselves
Preference: clients need to make choices and explain how they want to have things done
Privacy: clients need to know that their bodies and their affairs are treated respectfully and
protected from public view
Safety: safe from harm; clients need to live in an environment that is as hazard free as possible
and feel secure about the care provided
Dipppers - Answer Dignity
Independence
Partner
Preference
Privacy
Empathy
Respect
Safety
Stages of infection development - Answer Incubation period: interval between entrance of
pathogen into body and appearance of her symptoms
Prodromal stage: interval from onset of non-specific signs and symptoms to more specific
,Convalescence: interval when the acute symptoms of infection disappear and the body tries to
replenish its resources and return to state of homeostasis; length of recovery depends on
severity of infection and patient's general state of health: may take several days to months
localized infection - Answer an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and
has local symptoms
systemic infection - Answer an infection throughout the body
Infectious agent aka pathogen - Answer Bacteria (strep, salmonella), virus (influenza), fungi
(athletes foot, thrush), protozoa (malaria)
Transient Microorganisms can spread on surfaces and cause disease when.... - Answer
They're sufficient in number, The microbe is virulent, survives and enters host, and the host is
susceptible.
Resevoir - Answer site where pathogens can survive but may or may not multiply; human
body, animals, food, water, insects, objects; carriers don't show symptoms but can spread;
require ideal environment for survival including food, oxygen (spores are aerobic), water, temp
(35-37 degrees), pH (5-7), minimal light
portal of exit - Answer a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in which it
has been growing:
Body openings, breaks in skin, breaks in mucus membranes, blood, bodily fluids, secretions,
excretions.
portal of entry - Answer A way for the infectious agent to enter a new reservoir or host;
same as exit.
Cuts and breaks in the skin, mucous membrane...
mode of transmission - Answer route of transmission by which pathogen travels from
reservoir to a host.
direct contact - Answer infected person physically touches host; examples include STDS, cold
sores, aids
, droplet transmission - Answer sneezing, coughing, laughing, leading to droplets reaching
someone else.
airborne transmission - Answer residue from evaporated droplets; much smaller than an
actual droplet.
-it gets inhaled, as it lies in the air
vehicle transmission - Answer transmission by an inanimate reservoir (food, water, air)
ex: flint water supply carrying lead which infected many people.
vectorborne transmission - Answer transfer of an agent to a susceptible host by living
organisms such as mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks
- can be insects or pets
Susceptible host (chain of infection) - Answer A person that lacks the ability to resist
infection by an infectious agent.
- depends on their degree of resistance to a pathogen
- healthy individuals are less likely to develp and infection
- consider virulence and number of organisms
- young, older, or persons with chronic diseases are vulnerable.
hospital acquired infection (HAI) - Answer (nosocomial infection) an infection that is
acquired in the hospital or other health care facility and was not present or incubating at the
time of the patient's admission.
normal flora - Answer Microorganisms that reside in or on the body without causing disease,
helps protect against pathogens.
inflammatory response - Answer vascular and cellular response to protect the body from an
injury or infection.
exogenous infection - Answer occurs if a pathogen breaches the host's external defense and
enters sterile tissue: (MOs that don't exist in normal flora; salmonella, C. difficle)
With 100% Correct Solutions 2025-
2026 Updated.
Nursing Process (ADPIE) - Answer Assessment: collection of data important to client's health
status or situation in order to fully understand client's priority needs
Diagnosis: analysis of assessment data to determine key issues and make clinical judgements in
the form of a nursing diagnosis, involves creation of outcomes or goals for client's situation
Planning: creating plan that identifies strategies to reach outcomes or goals
Implementation: carrying out plan
Evaluation: reflection on success of reaching outcome
DIPPS - Answer Dignity: preserve their dignity; the state of feeling worthy, valued and
respected
Independence: patients need to do what they can for themselves
Preference: clients need to make choices and explain how they want to have things done
Privacy: clients need to know that their bodies and their affairs are treated respectfully and
protected from public view
Safety: safe from harm; clients need to live in an environment that is as hazard free as possible
and feel secure about the care provided
Dipppers - Answer Dignity
Independence
Partner
Preference
Privacy
Empathy
Respect
Safety
Stages of infection development - Answer Incubation period: interval between entrance of
pathogen into body and appearance of her symptoms
Prodromal stage: interval from onset of non-specific signs and symptoms to more specific
,Convalescence: interval when the acute symptoms of infection disappear and the body tries to
replenish its resources and return to state of homeostasis; length of recovery depends on
severity of infection and patient's general state of health: may take several days to months
localized infection - Answer an infection that is limited to a specific location in the body and
has local symptoms
systemic infection - Answer an infection throughout the body
Infectious agent aka pathogen - Answer Bacteria (strep, salmonella), virus (influenza), fungi
(athletes foot, thrush), protozoa (malaria)
Transient Microorganisms can spread on surfaces and cause disease when.... - Answer
They're sufficient in number, The microbe is virulent, survives and enters host, and the host is
susceptible.
Resevoir - Answer site where pathogens can survive but may or may not multiply; human
body, animals, food, water, insects, objects; carriers don't show symptoms but can spread;
require ideal environment for survival including food, oxygen (spores are aerobic), water, temp
(35-37 degrees), pH (5-7), minimal light
portal of exit - Answer a way for the infectious agent to escape from the reservoir in which it
has been growing:
Body openings, breaks in skin, breaks in mucus membranes, blood, bodily fluids, secretions,
excretions.
portal of entry - Answer A way for the infectious agent to enter a new reservoir or host;
same as exit.
Cuts and breaks in the skin, mucous membrane...
mode of transmission - Answer route of transmission by which pathogen travels from
reservoir to a host.
direct contact - Answer infected person physically touches host; examples include STDS, cold
sores, aids
, droplet transmission - Answer sneezing, coughing, laughing, leading to droplets reaching
someone else.
airborne transmission - Answer residue from evaporated droplets; much smaller than an
actual droplet.
-it gets inhaled, as it lies in the air
vehicle transmission - Answer transmission by an inanimate reservoir (food, water, air)
ex: flint water supply carrying lead which infected many people.
vectorborne transmission - Answer transfer of an agent to a susceptible host by living
organisms such as mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks
- can be insects or pets
Susceptible host (chain of infection) - Answer A person that lacks the ability to resist
infection by an infectious agent.
- depends on their degree of resistance to a pathogen
- healthy individuals are less likely to develp and infection
- consider virulence and number of organisms
- young, older, or persons with chronic diseases are vulnerable.
hospital acquired infection (HAI) - Answer (nosocomial infection) an infection that is
acquired in the hospital or other health care facility and was not present or incubating at the
time of the patient's admission.
normal flora - Answer Microorganisms that reside in or on the body without causing disease,
helps protect against pathogens.
inflammatory response - Answer vascular and cellular response to protect the body from an
injury or infection.
exogenous infection - Answer occurs if a pathogen breaches the host's external defense and
enters sterile tissue: (MOs that don't exist in normal flora; salmonella, C. difficle)
