STAT 2331 Final Exam vocabulary Actual
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Population & Sample - CORRECT ANSWER Entire group vs. a subset for study.
Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Categorical (nominal, ordinal) or quantitative
(discrete, continuous).
Mean, Median, Mode - CORRECT ANSWER Measures of central tendency.
Variance & Standard Deviation - CORRECT ANSWER Measures of data spread.
Bias - CORRECT ANSWER Systematic error in sampling or analysis.
Histogram & Boxplot - CORRECT ANSWER Common data visualization tools.
Normal Distribution - CORRECT ANSWER Bell-shaped curve.
Z-Score - CORRECT ANSWER Standardized value for a data point.
Hypothesis Testing - CORRECT ANSWER Null (H₀) vs. Alternative (H₁).
P-Value - CORRECT ANSWER Probability of data under H₀.
Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER Relationship between two variables (-1 to 1).
Regression - CORRECT ANSWER Predicting one variable from another.
, Bivariate Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER Examining two variables
Explanatory Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Predicts changes in another variable
Response Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Measured outcome variable
Correlation (𝑅) - CORRECT ANSWER Strength of linear relationship
Scatterplot - CORRECT ANSWER Graph of two variables
Residual - CORRECT ANSWER Difference between observed and predicted values
Regression Line - CORRECT ANSWER Line that predicts 𝑦
Linearity - CORRECT ANSWER Assumption of a straight-line relationship
Constant Variance - CORRECT ANSWER Residuals spread equally across
Outlier - CORRECT ANSWER Data point far from the trend
Contingency Table - CORRECT ANSWER Table for two categorical variables
Boxplot - CORRECT ANSWER Graph showing distribution and spread
Population - CORRECT ANSWER The entire group you're studying.
Sample - CORRECT ANSWER A subset of the population used to represent it.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Population & Sample - CORRECT ANSWER Entire group vs. a subset for study.
Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Categorical (nominal, ordinal) or quantitative
(discrete, continuous).
Mean, Median, Mode - CORRECT ANSWER Measures of central tendency.
Variance & Standard Deviation - CORRECT ANSWER Measures of data spread.
Bias - CORRECT ANSWER Systematic error in sampling or analysis.
Histogram & Boxplot - CORRECT ANSWER Common data visualization tools.
Normal Distribution - CORRECT ANSWER Bell-shaped curve.
Z-Score - CORRECT ANSWER Standardized value for a data point.
Hypothesis Testing - CORRECT ANSWER Null (H₀) vs. Alternative (H₁).
P-Value - CORRECT ANSWER Probability of data under H₀.
Correlation - CORRECT ANSWER Relationship between two variables (-1 to 1).
Regression - CORRECT ANSWER Predicting one variable from another.
, Bivariate Analysis - CORRECT ANSWER Examining two variables
Explanatory Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Predicts changes in another variable
Response Variable - CORRECT ANSWER Measured outcome variable
Correlation (𝑅) - CORRECT ANSWER Strength of linear relationship
Scatterplot - CORRECT ANSWER Graph of two variables
Residual - CORRECT ANSWER Difference between observed and predicted values
Regression Line - CORRECT ANSWER Line that predicts 𝑦
Linearity - CORRECT ANSWER Assumption of a straight-line relationship
Constant Variance - CORRECT ANSWER Residuals spread equally across
Outlier - CORRECT ANSWER Data point far from the trend
Contingency Table - CORRECT ANSWER Table for two categorical variables
Boxplot - CORRECT ANSWER Graph showing distribution and spread
Population - CORRECT ANSWER The entire group you're studying.
Sample - CORRECT ANSWER A subset of the population used to represent it.
