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CRITICAL CARE PARAMEDIC EXAM
2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| ACE
YOUR GRADES.
AV node (atrioventricular node) - correct answer -on base of RA
Receives impulse from SA node and slowly passes the signal to
the AV bundle
membrane potential - correct answer -voltage across a membrane
Frank-Starling Mechanism - correct answer -A mechanism by
which the stroke volume of the heart is increased by increasing
the venous return of the heart (thus stretching the ventricular
muscle).
Class IA antiarrhythmics - correct answer -are sodium channel
blocking agents that slow phase 0 of the ventricular myocyte
action potential and prolong repolarization as well as refractory
period.
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Class IB Antiarrhythmics - correct answer -Sodium channel
blocker that shortens phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle
fibers
Class IC antiarrhythmics - correct answer -MOA - Na channel
blockers (MOST potent) - markedly slow conduction, decrease
automaticity
Class II antidysrhythmics - correct answer -Beta adrenoreceptor
blocker that inhibits phase 4 depolarization in SA and AV nodes
III antiarrhythmics - correct answer -Potassium channel blocker
that prolongs phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle fibers
IV antiarrhythmics - correct answer -Calcium channel blocker that
inhibits action potential in SA and AV nodes
Two main forces that drive ions across cell membranes - correct
answer -Chemical potential and electrical potential
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Phase 4: Resting Phase - correct answer --Cell membrane is now
impermeable to sodium
-Potassium moves into the cell
Phase 1: Early Repolarization - correct answer -sodium channels
close
Phase 2: Plateau Phase - correct answer --Calcium continues to
flow into the cell
-Potassium flows out of the cell
Phase 3: Repolarization - correct answer -Once the calcium ions
quit leaking in, the passage of potassium ions out of the cell
causes a return to the resting membrane potential.
Repolarization - correct answer -Return of the cell to resting state,
caused by reentry of potassium into the cell while sodium exits
the cell.
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Depolarization - correct answer -The process during the action
potential when sodium is rushing into the cell causing the interior
to become more positive.
The individual pressures of all gases equaling the total
atmospheric pressure is - correct answer -Daltons law
Patients with a history or injury predisposing them to _______
should be protected from the effects of flicker vertigo - correct
answer -seizures
A pilot is required to don supplemental oxygen if flying at 10,000'
(3 km) to 12,000' (3.7 km) for greater than _______ minutes. -
correct answer -30
Temperature ______________ in relation to increased altitude -
correct answer -decreases
A regular smoker's night vision is typically _______ less than a
nonsmoker's. - correct answer -20
CRITICAL CARE PARAMEDIC EXAM
2026 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS| ACE
YOUR GRADES.
AV node (atrioventricular node) - correct answer -on base of RA
Receives impulse from SA node and slowly passes the signal to
the AV bundle
membrane potential - correct answer -voltage across a membrane
Frank-Starling Mechanism - correct answer -A mechanism by
which the stroke volume of the heart is increased by increasing
the venous return of the heart (thus stretching the ventricular
muscle).
Class IA antiarrhythmics - correct answer -are sodium channel
blocking agents that slow phase 0 of the ventricular myocyte
action potential and prolong repolarization as well as refractory
period.
, Page | 2
Class IB Antiarrhythmics - correct answer -Sodium channel
blocker that shortens phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle
fibers
Class IC antiarrhythmics - correct answer -MOA - Na channel
blockers (MOST potent) - markedly slow conduction, decrease
automaticity
Class II antidysrhythmics - correct answer -Beta adrenoreceptor
blocker that inhibits phase 4 depolarization in SA and AV nodes
III antiarrhythmics - correct answer -Potassium channel blocker
that prolongs phase 3 repolarization in ventricular muscle fibers
IV antiarrhythmics - correct answer -Calcium channel blocker that
inhibits action potential in SA and AV nodes
Two main forces that drive ions across cell membranes - correct
answer -Chemical potential and electrical potential
, Page | 3
Phase 4: Resting Phase - correct answer --Cell membrane is now
impermeable to sodium
-Potassium moves into the cell
Phase 1: Early Repolarization - correct answer -sodium channels
close
Phase 2: Plateau Phase - correct answer --Calcium continues to
flow into the cell
-Potassium flows out of the cell
Phase 3: Repolarization - correct answer -Once the calcium ions
quit leaking in, the passage of potassium ions out of the cell
causes a return to the resting membrane potential.
Repolarization - correct answer -Return of the cell to resting state,
caused by reentry of potassium into the cell while sodium exits
the cell.
, Page | 4
Depolarization - correct answer -The process during the action
potential when sodium is rushing into the cell causing the interior
to become more positive.
The individual pressures of all gases equaling the total
atmospheric pressure is - correct answer -Daltons law
Patients with a history or injury predisposing them to _______
should be protected from the effects of flicker vertigo - correct
answer -seizures
A pilot is required to don supplemental oxygen if flying at 10,000'
(3 km) to 12,000' (3.7 km) for greater than _______ minutes. -
correct answer -30
Temperature ______________ in relation to increased altitude -
correct answer -decreases
A regular smoker's night vision is typically _______ less than a
nonsmoker's. - correct answer -20
