PAEA EOC & SUMMATIVE PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS (CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+) LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
what exactly causes the occlusive vascular disease of thromboangiitis
| | | | | | | |
obliterans? - CORRECT ANSWER aka Buerger's disease
| | | | | | |
inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small vessels
| | | | | | |
(nonatherosclerosis)
|
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and multinucleated giant | | | | |
cells may be presen
| | | |
Treatment options for thromboangiitis obliterans? - CORRECT
| | | | | |
ANSWER smoking cessation most important!
| | | | |
cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (alleviated
| | | | | | |
symptoms)
|
if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine)
| | | | |
what heart failure treatment provides a benefit of reduction in morbidity
| | | | | | | | | |
and mortality? - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitors
| | | | | | |
beta blockers can also reduce M&M
| | | | |
diuretics have no reduction in mortality
| | | | |
,how would you manage a patient with a MI in the setting of cocaine use? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER benzodiazepine early
| | | |
no beta blockers
| |
If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI patient within 120 minutes, what should
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
be done? - CORRECT ANSWER fibrolytic therapy
| | | | | | |
then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done
| | | | | | | | | |
ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes
| | | | | |
fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms
| | | | | | | | | |
If you suspect an acute limb ischemia due to arterial embolism, what
| | | | | | | | | | |
imaging should you get? - CORRECT ANSWER catheter-based
| | | | | | | |
arteriography (digital subtraction arteriography) provides the most useful
| | | | | | | |
information. can also help with treatment
| | | | | |
can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus
| | | | | |
where are arterial emboli often found? - CORRECTANSWER lower
| | | | | | | | |
extremities more common than upper extremities
| | | | | |
,The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery bifurcations are
| | | | | | | | |
frequent locations
| |
majority originate in the heart | | | |
fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli are less likely to
| | | | | | | | |
produce symptoms of acute limb ischemia
| | | | | |
how would you work up a patient with treatment resistant hypertension that
| | | | | | | | | | |
you suspect a secondary cause? - CORRECT ANSWER 24-hour
| | | | | | | | |
ambulatory monitoring (to ensure not white coat)
| | | | | | |
medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds)
| | | | | | |
physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits) labs
| | | | | | |
(electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA)
| | | |
If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines and
| | | | | |
catecholamines in a 24-hour urine collection
| | | | | |
other than atherosclerosis leading to renal artery stenosis and secondary
| | | | | | | | |
HTN, what is another causes of a renal-associated secondary HTN? -
| | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECTANSWER fibromuscular dysplasia (usually in a young pt)
| | | | | | | | |
most important modifable risk factor forAAA? - CORRECT ANSWER
| | | | | | | | |
smoking cessation!
| |
, when is it okay to do screening survelliance forAAArather than repair and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
how often should you screen? - CORRECTANSWER if AAA is
| | | | | | | | | | |
<5.5 cm then annual screening with US is recommended. may need every 6
| | | | | | | | | | | |
months if rapidly expanding or other concerns
| | | | | | |
how should you educate a patient withAAAon exercise? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER Patients should be counseled that moderate physical activity
| | | | | | | | |
such as running, biking, swimming, hiking, or sexual activity and
| | | | | | | | | |
activities such as gardening, golfing, and horseback riding do not
| | | | | | | | | |
precipitate AAA rupture
| | |
Moderate physical therapy may also limit aneurysm expansion. In | | | | | | | |
experimental aneurysms, increased aortic blood flow appears to inhibit
| | | | | | | | |
AAA expansion
| |
However, heavy lifting, especially while holding the breath, and other
| | | | | | | | |
activities that lead to Valsalva transiently induce significant increases in
| | | | | | | | | |
blood pressure and should be avoided
| | | | | |
gold standard for dx renal artery stenosis? what can be used to monitor
| | | | | | | | | | | |
disease progression? - CORRECT ANSWER renal arteriography
| | | | | | |
But really a spiral CT angiography is very useful and probably more likely
| | | | | | | | | | | |
done first
| |
duplex doppler US can be used to monitor disease progression
| | | | | | | | |
AND ANSWERS (CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED
A+) LATEST UPDATE 2025-2026
what exactly causes the occlusive vascular disease of thromboangiitis
| | | | | | | |
obliterans? - CORRECT ANSWER aka Buerger's disease
| | | | | | |
inflammatory thrombi affecting the medium and small vessels
| | | | | | |
(nonatherosclerosis)
|
polymorphonuclear leukocytes, microabscesses, and multinucleated giant | | | | |
cells may be presen
| | | |
Treatment options for thromboangiitis obliterans? - CORRECT
| | | | | |
ANSWER smoking cessation most important!
| | | | |
cilostazol (PDE 3 inhibitor) has vasodilator properties (alleviated
| | | | | | |
symptoms)
|
if raynauds also present, CCB (nifedipine)
| | | | |
what heart failure treatment provides a benefit of reduction in morbidity
| | | | | | | | | |
and mortality? - CORRECT ANSWER ACE inhibitors
| | | | | | |
beta blockers can also reduce M&M
| | | | |
diuretics have no reduction in mortality
| | | | |
,how would you manage a patient with a MI in the setting of cocaine use? -
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER benzodiazepine early
| | | |
no beta blockers
| |
If PCI cannot be done for a STEMI patient within 120 minutes, what should
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
be done? - CORRECT ANSWER fibrolytic therapy
| | | | | | |
then do PCI & coronary angiography when it can be done
| | | | | | | | | |
ideally PCI is done within 90 minutes
| | | | | |
fibrolytic therapy can be used up to 12 hours of symptoms
| | | | | | | | | |
If you suspect an acute limb ischemia due to arterial embolism, what
| | | | | | | | | | |
imaging should you get? - CORRECT ANSWER catheter-based
| | | | | | | |
arteriography (digital subtraction arteriography) provides the most useful
| | | | | | | |
information. can also help with treatment
| | | | | |
can help distinguish between thrombosis and embolus
| | | | | |
where are arterial emboli often found? - CORRECTANSWER lower
| | | | | | | | |
extremities more common than upper extremities
| | | | | |
,The common femoral, common iliac, and popliteal artery bifurcations are
| | | | | | | | |
frequent locations
| |
majority originate in the heart | | | |
fun fact: Compared with thromboemboli, atheroemboli are less likely to
| | | | | | | | |
produce symptoms of acute limb ischemia
| | | | | |
how would you work up a patient with treatment resistant hypertension that
| | | | | | | | | | |
you suspect a secondary cause? - CORRECT ANSWER 24-hour
| | | | | | | | |
ambulatory monitoring (to ensure not white coat)
| | | | | | |
medical hx (assess adherence to meds, other meds)
| | | | | | |
physical exam (look for abominal/renal bruits) labs
| | | | | | |
(electrolytes, glucose, creatinine, UA)
| | | |
If pheo suspected: measure fractionated metanephrines and
| | | | | |
catecholamines in a 24-hour urine collection
| | | | | |
other than atherosclerosis leading to renal artery stenosis and secondary
| | | | | | | | |
HTN, what is another causes of a renal-associated secondary HTN? -
| | | | | | | | | | |
CORRECTANSWER fibromuscular dysplasia (usually in a young pt)
| | | | | | | | |
most important modifable risk factor forAAA? - CORRECT ANSWER
| | | | | | | | |
smoking cessation!
| |
, when is it okay to do screening survelliance forAAArather than repair and
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
how often should you screen? - CORRECTANSWER if AAA is
| | | | | | | | | | |
<5.5 cm then annual screening with US is recommended. may need every 6
| | | | | | | | | | | |
months if rapidly expanding or other concerns
| | | | | | |
how should you educate a patient withAAAon exercise? - CORRECT
| | | | | | | | | | |
ANSWER Patients should be counseled that moderate physical activity
| | | | | | | | |
such as running, biking, swimming, hiking, or sexual activity and
| | | | | | | | | |
activities such as gardening, golfing, and horseback riding do not
| | | | | | | | | |
precipitate AAA rupture
| | |
Moderate physical therapy may also limit aneurysm expansion. In | | | | | | | |
experimental aneurysms, increased aortic blood flow appears to inhibit
| | | | | | | | |
AAA expansion
| |
However, heavy lifting, especially while holding the breath, and other
| | | | | | | | |
activities that lead to Valsalva transiently induce significant increases in
| | | | | | | | | |
blood pressure and should be avoided
| | | | | |
gold standard for dx renal artery stenosis? what can be used to monitor
| | | | | | | | | | | |
disease progression? - CORRECT ANSWER renal arteriography
| | | | | | |
But really a spiral CT angiography is very useful and probably more likely
| | | | | | | | | | | |
done first
| |
duplex doppler US can be used to monitor disease progression
| | | | | | | | |
