BS 161 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
At the pH of most bodily fluids, which functional group will lose a proton and which functional
group will accept a proton?
A. sulfhydryl; carbonyl
B. phosphate; amino
C. amino; carboxyl
D. carboxyl; amino
E. carbonyl; phosphate - Answers D
The biological macromolecule that is least soluble in water is a(n):
A. lipid
B. protein
C. nucleic acid
D. carbohydrate
E. enzyme - Answers A
Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called:
A. fatty acids
B. amino acids
C. nucleotides
D. phosphate groups
E. monosaccharides - Answers B
Proteins are created with:
A. phosphodiester bonds
B. peptide bonds
C. triglycerides
D. polysaccharides - Answers B
How many water molecules are produced during the formation of a triglyceride from fatty acids
,and glycerol?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4 - Answers D
A bobcat is feeding on a white-tailed deer. It first eats the liver, which is rich in stored sugars. In
what form would sugar be stored in the deer's liver?
A. glucose
B. maltose
C. glycogen
D. amylose
E. cellulose - Answers C
The specific amino acid sequence of a protein is its _____ structure.
A. primary
B. secondary
C. tertiary
D. quaternary - Answers A
L-lysine is an essential amino acid and must be supplied in the diet. By comparison, the
stereoisomer D-lysine is not biologically active. Why can your body only utilize one form?
A. Since the L form and D form are enantiomers, they will bind together and inhibit utilization of
the D form.
B. Since the L form and D form are chiral molecules, they will bind together and inhibit utilization
of the D form.
C. Antibodies recognize the D form and destroy it before your body can use it for nutritional
purposes.
D. Enzymes can only recognize a single, specific stereoisomer. - Answers D
,Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin. When you fry an egg, why does
the egg white turn from clear to white? The protein...
A. becomes dissociated.
B. acquires tertiary structure.
C. becomes denatured.
D. becomes dehydrated. - Answers C
Phospholipids are made up of:
A. a glycerol and 3 fatty acids.
B. four fused carbon rings.
C. a phosphate, 2 fatty acids, and a glycerol.
D. five-carbon rings with 2 non polar tails. - Answers C
Carbohydrates are polymers formed of structural units called:
A. amino acids
B. fatty acids
C. nucleotides
D. glycerois
E. monosaccharides - Answers E
The types of bonds linking nucleotides in nucleic acids are:
A. phosphodiester bonds
B. peptide bonds
C. ionic bonds
D. non-polar covalent bonds - Answers A
What type of RNA is used as a template fro translation of proteins?
A. micro RNA
B. transfer RNA
C. messenger RNA
, D. ribosomal RNA - Answers C
The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a
water molecule. This reaction is referred to as:
A. a hydrolysis reaction
B. an oxidation-reduction reaction
C. a dehydration reaction
D. a condensation reaction - Answers C
What type of monomer does ATP represent?
A. nucleotide
B. monosaccharide
C. fatty acid
D. glycerol
E. amino acid - Answers A
The myoglobin protein, which carries oxygen in muscle cells, has only the first three levels of
protein structure. What can you infer about myoglobin?
A. Myoglobin is not helical or pleated
B. Myoglobin is made of only one polypeptide chain
C. Myoglobin lacks hydrogen bonds
D. Myoglobin is made of nucleic acids - Answers B
Organic molecules have a carbon backbone and ______ such as -OH and -NH2 that can form
hydrogen bonds.
A. R groups
B. functional groups
C. extension groups
D. chemical groups - Answers B
The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What is the formula for a polymer made by linking ten
glucose molecules together by dehydration synthesis?
At the pH of most bodily fluids, which functional group will lose a proton and which functional
group will accept a proton?
A. sulfhydryl; carbonyl
B. phosphate; amino
C. amino; carboxyl
D. carboxyl; amino
E. carbonyl; phosphate - Answers D
The biological macromolecule that is least soluble in water is a(n):
A. lipid
B. protein
C. nucleic acid
D. carbohydrate
E. enzyme - Answers A
Proteins are polymers formed of structural units called:
A. fatty acids
B. amino acids
C. nucleotides
D. phosphate groups
E. monosaccharides - Answers B
Proteins are created with:
A. phosphodiester bonds
B. peptide bonds
C. triglycerides
D. polysaccharides - Answers B
How many water molecules are produced during the formation of a triglyceride from fatty acids
,and glycerol?
A. 0
B. 1
C. 2
D. 3
E. 4 - Answers D
A bobcat is feeding on a white-tailed deer. It first eats the liver, which is rich in stored sugars. In
what form would sugar be stored in the deer's liver?
A. glucose
B. maltose
C. glycogen
D. amylose
E. cellulose - Answers C
The specific amino acid sequence of a protein is its _____ structure.
A. primary
B. secondary
C. tertiary
D. quaternary - Answers A
L-lysine is an essential amino acid and must be supplied in the diet. By comparison, the
stereoisomer D-lysine is not biologically active. Why can your body only utilize one form?
A. Since the L form and D form are enantiomers, they will bind together and inhibit utilization of
the D form.
B. Since the L form and D form are chiral molecules, they will bind together and inhibit utilization
of the D form.
C. Antibodies recognize the D form and destroy it before your body can use it for nutritional
purposes.
D. Enzymes can only recognize a single, specific stereoisomer. - Answers D
,Egg whites consist primarily of water and the protein albumin. When you fry an egg, why does
the egg white turn from clear to white? The protein...
A. becomes dissociated.
B. acquires tertiary structure.
C. becomes denatured.
D. becomes dehydrated. - Answers C
Phospholipids are made up of:
A. a glycerol and 3 fatty acids.
B. four fused carbon rings.
C. a phosphate, 2 fatty acids, and a glycerol.
D. five-carbon rings with 2 non polar tails. - Answers C
Carbohydrates are polymers formed of structural units called:
A. amino acids
B. fatty acids
C. nucleotides
D. glycerois
E. monosaccharides - Answers E
The types of bonds linking nucleotides in nucleic acids are:
A. phosphodiester bonds
B. peptide bonds
C. ionic bonds
D. non-polar covalent bonds - Answers A
What type of RNA is used as a template fro translation of proteins?
A. micro RNA
B. transfer RNA
C. messenger RNA
, D. ribosomal RNA - Answers C
The covalent bonds connecting monomer units in sugars can be formed by the removal of a
water molecule. This reaction is referred to as:
A. a hydrolysis reaction
B. an oxidation-reduction reaction
C. a dehydration reaction
D. a condensation reaction - Answers C
What type of monomer does ATP represent?
A. nucleotide
B. monosaccharide
C. fatty acid
D. glycerol
E. amino acid - Answers A
The myoglobin protein, which carries oxygen in muscle cells, has only the first three levels of
protein structure. What can you infer about myoglobin?
A. Myoglobin is not helical or pleated
B. Myoglobin is made of only one polypeptide chain
C. Myoglobin lacks hydrogen bonds
D. Myoglobin is made of nucleic acids - Answers B
Organic molecules have a carbon backbone and ______ such as -OH and -NH2 that can form
hydrogen bonds.
A. R groups
B. functional groups
C. extension groups
D. chemical groups - Answers B
The formula for glucose is C6H12O6. What is the formula for a polymer made by linking ten
glucose molecules together by dehydration synthesis?
