WGU ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1 EXAM | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM
The thyroid secretes calcitonin, and the parathyroid secretes PTH to
regulate the blood calcium level.
Which hormones are secreted by the thyroid and parathyroid?
chemical
Atoms combine to form molecules, for example, water, glucose, and DNA.
In what level of structural organization does this take place?
cellular
Organelles are usually associated with which level of structural organization?
tissues
A group of cells forms which level of structural organization in the human
body?
organ
What is a structure composed of two or more different types of tissue?
a system
What do related organs working for a common function constitute?
body
Organ systems form which higher level of organizational structure?
germ cells and somatic cells
What are the main types of cells?
egg cells
Which reproductive cells produced are unique to females?
deliver oxygen to the tissues in the body
What is the role of red blood cells?
identify, capture, and eliminate invading pathogens or foreign particles
What is the role of white blood cells?
,cardiac muscle cells are striated.
What is the major difference between smooth and cardiac muscle cells?
contracting under voluntary control and responding to nervous system
stimulation
Which actions are characteristics of skeletal muscle?
nucleus
Which part of the cell holds the DNA?
cell membrane
Which structure controls what goes in and out of the cell?
cytoplasm
What holds the contents of the cell, including organelles?
proteins
What do ribosomes synthesize?
sorts, modifies, and ships products from the rough ER to the rest of the cell.
What is the role of the Golgi complex?
produce the energy used to power cells
What is the role of mitochondria?
DNA
Each chromosome contains double-stranded molecules that have a double-helix
shape. What is the name of this molecule?
solutes traveling from low to high within the concentration gradient
Which example requires high energy?
facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and simple diffusion
What are the three types of diffusion?
osmosis
Which type of diffusion allows for movement of water molecules from an area
where solutes are less concentrated to an area where they are more
concentrated?
active transport
, To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, the cell
must use energy. Which process is this?
somatic cell division
Which type of cell division occurs when one cell divides into two cells with the
same number of chromosomes in each?
mitosis
What is another term for somatic cell division?
23
How many pairs of chromosomes are found in somatic cells in the human body?
meiosis
What is another term for reproductive cell division?
they have two sets of chromosomes and they undergo reproduction to make
identical cells
What are the characteristics of somatic cells in the human body?
connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous
What are the four broad categories of tissues in the human body?
support and connect other tissues
What is the function of connective tissue?
matrix
What are connective tissue cells dispersed in?
loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue
What are two types of connective tissue?
connective tissue
Which type of tissue assists with the transport of fluid, nutrients, waste, and
chemical messengers?
muscle tissue
Which tissue is excitable, responds to stimulation, and contracts to provide
movement?
cardiac, skeletal, and smooth
ANSWERS | 100% CORRECT ANSWERS | LATEST EXAM
The thyroid secretes calcitonin, and the parathyroid secretes PTH to
regulate the blood calcium level.
Which hormones are secreted by the thyroid and parathyroid?
chemical
Atoms combine to form molecules, for example, water, glucose, and DNA.
In what level of structural organization does this take place?
cellular
Organelles are usually associated with which level of structural organization?
tissues
A group of cells forms which level of structural organization in the human
body?
organ
What is a structure composed of two or more different types of tissue?
a system
What do related organs working for a common function constitute?
body
Organ systems form which higher level of organizational structure?
germ cells and somatic cells
What are the main types of cells?
egg cells
Which reproductive cells produced are unique to females?
deliver oxygen to the tissues in the body
What is the role of red blood cells?
identify, capture, and eliminate invading pathogens or foreign particles
What is the role of white blood cells?
,cardiac muscle cells are striated.
What is the major difference between smooth and cardiac muscle cells?
contracting under voluntary control and responding to nervous system
stimulation
Which actions are characteristics of skeletal muscle?
nucleus
Which part of the cell holds the DNA?
cell membrane
Which structure controls what goes in and out of the cell?
cytoplasm
What holds the contents of the cell, including organelles?
proteins
What do ribosomes synthesize?
sorts, modifies, and ships products from the rough ER to the rest of the cell.
What is the role of the Golgi complex?
produce the energy used to power cells
What is the role of mitochondria?
DNA
Each chromosome contains double-stranded molecules that have a double-helix
shape. What is the name of this molecule?
solutes traveling from low to high within the concentration gradient
Which example requires high energy?
facilitated diffusion, osmosis, and simple diffusion
What are the three types of diffusion?
osmosis
Which type of diffusion allows for movement of water molecules from an area
where solutes are less concentrated to an area where they are more
concentrated?
active transport
, To move substances against a concentration or electrochemical gradient, the cell
must use energy. Which process is this?
somatic cell division
Which type of cell division occurs when one cell divides into two cells with the
same number of chromosomes in each?
mitosis
What is another term for somatic cell division?
23
How many pairs of chromosomes are found in somatic cells in the human body?
meiosis
What is another term for reproductive cell division?
they have two sets of chromosomes and they undergo reproduction to make
identical cells
What are the characteristics of somatic cells in the human body?
connective, epithelial, muscle, nervous
What are the four broad categories of tissues in the human body?
support and connect other tissues
What is the function of connective tissue?
matrix
What are connective tissue cells dispersed in?
loose connective tissue, dense connective tissue
What are two types of connective tissue?
connective tissue
Which type of tissue assists with the transport of fluid, nutrients, waste, and
chemical messengers?
muscle tissue
Which tissue is excitable, responds to stimulation, and contracts to provide
movement?
cardiac, skeletal, and smooth
