MN551 endterm Full Test Bank options
Questions with Verified Answers, Exams
A 35-year-old female ultramarathon runner is admitted to the hospital following a
day-long, 50-mile race because her urinary volume is drastically decreased and her urine
is dark red. Tests indicate that she is in the initiating phase of acute tubular necrosis.
Why is her urine red?
A) Hematuria
B) Hemoglobinuria
C) Myoglobinuria
D) Kidney bleeding
Myoglobinuria
The nurse is providing care for a client with a diagnosis of cirrhosis, and she notes that
the client's sclerae are jaundiced. The nurse recalls that jaundice is a pigment that can
accumulate in which part of the cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Cytoplasm
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
A 14-year-old female has been experiencing severe internal cramps in the region of the
pelvis and weight loss.She has been admitted with rectal bleeding.The physician has
diagnosed her with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). She asks the nurse what causes
this disease. The nurse will base her response knowing that IBD has been linked to
A) liver involvement in faulty glycogen stores.
B) endoplasmic reticulum stress in the gastrointestinal system.
C) oversecretion of insulin from the beta cells in the pancreas.
D) infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract by bacterial
toxins.
B endoplasmic reticulum stress in the gastrointestinal system.
1|Page
,A professor is teaching a group of students about the role of mitochondria within
the cell. Which of the following statements is true of mitochondria?
A) They are the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.
B) The number of mitochondria in a cell is equal to the number of nuclei.
C) They are replicated within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
D) Mitochondrial DNA is inherited
patrilineally.
A They are the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.
A patient has been diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease called multiple
sclerosis (MS). The physician explains to the patient that this disease may be caused by
dysregulated apoptosis. Later that day, the patient asks the nurse what this means. The
nurse should reply,
A) "The cells around your nerves don't know how to die correctly."
B) "The cytoplasm should neutralize the various apoptotic inhibitors but isn't
working correctly."
C) "Dysregulated apoptosis has caused an excessive rate of programmed cell death
along the neuropathways."
D) "There is an inappropriately low rate of apoptosis occurring within the
cells."
C "Dysregulated apoptosis has caused an excessive rate of programmed cell death
along the neuropathways."
A patient experiencing immotile cilia syndrome should be frequently assessed by the
nurse for which priority complication?
A) Epistaxis resulting from loss of cilia in the nasal passageway
B) Bronchiectasis due to interferences with clearance of inhaled bacteria along the
respiratory tract
C) Sterility caused by inability of the sperm to swim downstream
D) Inability to hear soft sounds related to kinocilium on the hair cells in the inner
ear
B. Bronchiectasis due to interferences with clearance of inhaled bacteria along the
respiratory tract
2|Page
,A community health care worker is explaining to a group of factory workers the
importance of wearing gloves when working with strong chemicals such as turpentine
and paint thinner. Which of the following characteristics of cell membranes underlies
the nurse's teaching?
A) Cell membranes are impermeable to all but lipid-soluble substances.
B) Cell membranes have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.
C) Cell membranes contain receptors for hormones and biologically active
substances.
D) Transmembrane proteins can pass through the cell membrane into the intracellular
environment.
A. Cell membranes are impermeable to all but lipid-soluble substances.
The nurse is explaining the workings of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors to a
client with a diagnosis of depression. Within the teaching, the nurse mentions that in the
nervous system, the transmission of information by neurotransmitters is
A) synaptic signaling.
B) endocrine signaling.
C) autocrine signaling.
D) paracrine
signaling.
A. synaptic signaling.
The nurse is teaching a group of colleagues about the cell division cycle as
background to oncology nursing. Which of the following statements is true of the cell
cycle?
A) Some cells lack a G0 phase.
B) Mitosis is a process that occurs in steps over 1 to 2 days.
C) The two broad phases of the cell cycle are mitosis and synthesis.
D) Nondividing cells such as nerve cells are said to be in the S0
phase.
C The two broad phases of the cell cycle are mitosis and synthesis.
A 62-year-old male collapsed while unloading a truck of heavy sacks of feed for his
cattle. When he arrived in the emergency department, blood gases reveal a slightly
3|Page
, acidic blood sample. The nurse caring for this patient is not surprise with this result
based on which of the following pathophysiological rationales?
A) The skeletal muscles are producing large amounts of lactic acid and release it into
the bloodstream during heavy work/exercise.
B) During exercise, catabolism will break down stored nutrients and body tissues to
produce energy.
C) Large amounts of free energy are released when ATP is hydrolyzed and then
converted into adenosine diphosphate.
D) Within the mitochondria, energy from reduction of oxygen is used for
phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
A. The skeletal muscles are producing large amounts of lactic acid and release it into
the bloodstream during heavy work/exercise.
The health caregiver is explaining the rationale for administering a hypotonic
intravenous solution (lower concentration of solutes in its surroundings) to a client.
Which of the following mechanisms of membrane transport most likely underlies this
action?
A) Facilitated diffusion
B) Active transport
C) Diffusion
D) Osmosis
Osmosis
A nurse is teaching a client with a recent diagnosis of diabetes about the roles that
glucose and insulin play in the disease pathology and the fact that glucose must enter the
body cell in order to provide energy for the client. The nurse knows that which of the
following processes allows glucose to enter body cells?
A) Osmosis
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Active transport
D) Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
4|Page
Questions with Verified Answers, Exams
A 35-year-old female ultramarathon runner is admitted to the hospital following a
day-long, 50-mile race because her urinary volume is drastically decreased and her urine
is dark red. Tests indicate that she is in the initiating phase of acute tubular necrosis.
Why is her urine red?
A) Hematuria
B) Hemoglobinuria
C) Myoglobinuria
D) Kidney bleeding
Myoglobinuria
The nurse is providing care for a client with a diagnosis of cirrhosis, and she notes that
the client's sclerae are jaundiced. The nurse recalls that jaundice is a pigment that can
accumulate in which part of the cell?
A) Nucleus
B) Cytoplasm
C) Golgi apparatus
D) Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Cytoplasm
A 14-year-old female has been experiencing severe internal cramps in the region of the
pelvis and weight loss.She has been admitted with rectal bleeding.The physician has
diagnosed her with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). She asks the nurse what causes
this disease. The nurse will base her response knowing that IBD has been linked to
A) liver involvement in faulty glycogen stores.
B) endoplasmic reticulum stress in the gastrointestinal system.
C) oversecretion of insulin from the beta cells in the pancreas.
D) infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract by bacterial
toxins.
B endoplasmic reticulum stress in the gastrointestinal system.
1|Page
,A professor is teaching a group of students about the role of mitochondria within
the cell. Which of the following statements is true of mitochondria?
A) They are the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.
B) The number of mitochondria in a cell is equal to the number of nuclei.
C) They are replicated within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
D) Mitochondrial DNA is inherited
patrilineally.
A They are the site of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production.
A patient has been diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease called multiple
sclerosis (MS). The physician explains to the patient that this disease may be caused by
dysregulated apoptosis. Later that day, the patient asks the nurse what this means. The
nurse should reply,
A) "The cells around your nerves don't know how to die correctly."
B) "The cytoplasm should neutralize the various apoptotic inhibitors but isn't
working correctly."
C) "Dysregulated apoptosis has caused an excessive rate of programmed cell death
along the neuropathways."
D) "There is an inappropriately low rate of apoptosis occurring within the
cells."
C "Dysregulated apoptosis has caused an excessive rate of programmed cell death
along the neuropathways."
A patient experiencing immotile cilia syndrome should be frequently assessed by the
nurse for which priority complication?
A) Epistaxis resulting from loss of cilia in the nasal passageway
B) Bronchiectasis due to interferences with clearance of inhaled bacteria along the
respiratory tract
C) Sterility caused by inability of the sperm to swim downstream
D) Inability to hear soft sounds related to kinocilium on the hair cells in the inner
ear
B. Bronchiectasis due to interferences with clearance of inhaled bacteria along the
respiratory tract
2|Page
,A community health care worker is explaining to a group of factory workers the
importance of wearing gloves when working with strong chemicals such as turpentine
and paint thinner. Which of the following characteristics of cell membranes underlies
the nurse's teaching?
A) Cell membranes are impermeable to all but lipid-soluble substances.
B) Cell membranes have a hydrophilic head and a hydrophobic tail.
C) Cell membranes contain receptors for hormones and biologically active
substances.
D) Transmembrane proteins can pass through the cell membrane into the intracellular
environment.
A. Cell membranes are impermeable to all but lipid-soluble substances.
The nurse is explaining the workings of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors to a
client with a diagnosis of depression. Within the teaching, the nurse mentions that in the
nervous system, the transmission of information by neurotransmitters is
A) synaptic signaling.
B) endocrine signaling.
C) autocrine signaling.
D) paracrine
signaling.
A. synaptic signaling.
The nurse is teaching a group of colleagues about the cell division cycle as
background to oncology nursing. Which of the following statements is true of the cell
cycle?
A) Some cells lack a G0 phase.
B) Mitosis is a process that occurs in steps over 1 to 2 days.
C) The two broad phases of the cell cycle are mitosis and synthesis.
D) Nondividing cells such as nerve cells are said to be in the S0
phase.
C The two broad phases of the cell cycle are mitosis and synthesis.
A 62-year-old male collapsed while unloading a truck of heavy sacks of feed for his
cattle. When he arrived in the emergency department, blood gases reveal a slightly
3|Page
, acidic blood sample. The nurse caring for this patient is not surprise with this result
based on which of the following pathophysiological rationales?
A) The skeletal muscles are producing large amounts of lactic acid and release it into
the bloodstream during heavy work/exercise.
B) During exercise, catabolism will break down stored nutrients and body tissues to
produce energy.
C) Large amounts of free energy are released when ATP is hydrolyzed and then
converted into adenosine diphosphate.
D) Within the mitochondria, energy from reduction of oxygen is used for
phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
A. The skeletal muscles are producing large amounts of lactic acid and release it into
the bloodstream during heavy work/exercise.
The health caregiver is explaining the rationale for administering a hypotonic
intravenous solution (lower concentration of solutes in its surroundings) to a client.
Which of the following mechanisms of membrane transport most likely underlies this
action?
A) Facilitated diffusion
B) Active transport
C) Diffusion
D) Osmosis
Osmosis
A nurse is teaching a client with a recent diagnosis of diabetes about the roles that
glucose and insulin play in the disease pathology and the fact that glucose must enter the
body cell in order to provide energy for the client. The nurse knows that which of the
following processes allows glucose to enter body cells?
A) Osmosis
B) Facilitated diffusion
C) Active transport
D) Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion
4|Page
