communication fulfills three functions - Answers coordination, transmission of information, and
sharing of emotions and feelings
barriers to effective communication: filtering - Answers distortion or withholding of information
to manage a person's reactions
criteria used to decide whether to filter a message or pass it on - Answers past experience,
knowledge and perception of the speaker, and emotional state, involvement with the topic and
level of attention
barriers to effective communication: selective perception - Answers filtering what we see and
hear to suit our own needs, often unconscious
barriers to effective communication: information overload - Answers when the information
processing demand on an individual's time to perform interactions and internal calculations
exceed the supply or capacity of time available for processing
work place gossip - Answers known as grapevine, lifeline for many employees seeking
information about their company
semantics - Answers words can mean different things to different people, or they might not
jargon as an obstacle - Answers causes listeners to tune out or fostering ill feelings between
partners in conversations
gender differences in communication - Answers women like to ask questions before starting a
project and men jump right in, men speak in sports metaphors and women use their home as a
starting place for analogies
biased language - Answers words or actions that stereotype others on the basis of personal or
group affiliations
Carl Rogers five rules for actively listening - Answers listen for message content, listen for
feelings, respond to feelings, note all cues, paraphrase and restate
information rich channels - Answers convey more non verbal communication
email as a channel - Answers medium rich channel, can convey facts quickly, but flawed when it
comes to emotions
direction of communication within organizations - Answers upward to supervisor, laterally to
coworkers, downward to subordinate, diagonally to different department
congruency - Answers thinking, feeling, and behaving with consistency, genuineness,
authenticity and honesty towards each other; actions are consistent with most deeply-held