Problems with leadership - Answers no agreed definition, ideas broken into smaller components,
theories aren't complete, leaders often idealized
Pfeffer's reasons for small leadership influence - Answers appointed with process that limits
behavior, discretion & behavior of leaders are limited due to conformity pressures, and leaders
can't affect external factors
impact can be direct or indirect - Answers feedback/instruction, culture/environment, and
formulating strategy
What is leadership? (Johnson & Hackman) - Answers fundamental element of human condition;
shares features of human communication; modifies behaviors/attitudes of others in order to
meet shared goal
What is leadership? (Gamble & Gamble) - Answers individual who exerts influence, establishing
the path forward; interactive process using symbols to influence others to join; shared &
collective effort
How leaders use communication intelligence - Answers leaders depend on communication
skills, develop & understanding self/others, adept at framing & sharing narratives
Leadership vs. Management: Leadership - Answers social influence relationship between people
dependent on each other for goal attainment; follow because want to
Leadership vs Management: Management - Answers consist of planning, organizing, directing, &
controlling; follow because have to
Leadership Process - Answers 1. Leader
2. Follower
3. Context
4. Process
Leadership Process: Leader - Answers people who take charge or guide activities of others
Leadership Process: Follower - Answers most critical; defines needs the leader must fulfill;
accepts/rejects leadership
Leadership Process: Context - Answers not all situations are the same
Leadership Process: Process - Answers complex, interactive & dynamic; leader & follower
influence each other
Formal Leaders - Answers recognized by those outside the group as official; appointed