NR602 Pediatric Midterm Study Set
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATED RATED CORRECT
ALREADY GRADED A+
The parent of a 4-year-old child reports that the child gets upset when the hall
light is left on at night and won't leave the house unless both shoes are tied
equally tight. The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recognizes that this
child likely has which type of sensory processing disorder?
Dyspraxia
Over-responder
Sensory seeker
Under-responder - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Children who are over-responders have difficulties with clothing, physical contact,
light, sounds, and food. Dyspraxia refers to difficulty recognizing and
distinguishing shapes and textures. Sensory seekers are on perpetual overdrive
and often in trouble. Under-responders have little or no reaction to stimulation,
pain, and extreme hot or cold.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is considering medication options
for a school-age child recently diagnosed with ADHD who has a primarily
hyperactive presentation. Which medication will the nurse practitioner select
initially?
Low-dose stimulant
Moderate-dose stimulant
Low-dose non-stimulant
Moderate-dose non-stimulant - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Stimulants are generally the first-line medication for ADHD, with non-stimulants
recommended for non-responders. Moderate- to high-dose stimulants are
recommended for children with primarily hyperactive presentations.
,The parent of a preschool-age child who is diagnosed with a sensory processing
disorder (SPD) asks the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner how to help the
child manage the symptoms. What will the nurse practitioner recommend?
Establishing a reward system for acceptable behaviors
Introducing the child to a variety of new experiences
Maintaining predictable routines as much as possible
Providing frequent contact, such as hugs and cuddling - ANSWER>>ANS: C
Children with SPD do best with an environment that is predictable and routine
and the same from day to day. Discipline and/or a reward system is not effective.
Children with SPD can become overwhelmed by new experiences or frequent
touch.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is examining a 3-year-old child who
speaks loudly, in a monotone, does not make eye contact, and prefers to sit on
the exam room floor moving a toy truck back and forth in a repetitive manner.
Which disorder does the nurse practitioner suspect?
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Autism spectrum disorder
Executive function disorder
Sensory processing disorder - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Autism spectrum disorder manifests in toddlers by alterations in socialization and
speech as described above, along with repetitive behaviors. ADHD manifests with
a lack of focus on activities and distractibility. Executive function disorders can
manifest in a variety of ways but not with repetitive behaviors. Children with
sensory processing disorders have altered responses to sensations.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner cares for a preschool-age child who
was exposed to drugs prenatally. The child bites other children and has tantrums
when asked to stop but is able to state later why this behavior is wrong. This child
most likely has a disorder of
executive function.
information processing.
,sensory processing.
social cognition. - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Children with prenatal drug or alcohol exposure often have executive function
disorders, characterized by an inability to stop or delay a response or interrupt an
inappropriate behavior and an inability to modify emotional expression
appropriately. Information processing refers to thinking and problem-solving
ability. Sensory processing has to do with the ability to take in information
through senses and to process it appropriately. Social cognition refers to the
ability to interpret behavior and emotions of the self and others.
A child who has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has difficulty
stopping activities to begin other activities at school. The primary care pediatric
nurse practitioner understands that this is due to difficulty with the self-
regulation component of
emotional control.
flexibility.
inhibition.
problem-solving. - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Flexibility is a component of self-regulation, which is under the control of
executive functions in the cerebral cortex and is the ability to shift or transition
between activities or thoughts. Emotional control is the ability to modify
emotional expression to the most adaptive expression. Inhibition refers to the
ability to stop or delay an initial response. Problem solving is a component of
metacognition.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is selecting a medication for a 12-
year-old child who is newly diagnosed with ADHD. The child is overweight, has a
history of an atrial septal defect at birth, and reports mild shortness of breath
during exercise. What will the nurse practitioner prescribe?
A low-dose stimulant medication
A non-stimulant medication
Behavioral therapy only
Cardiovascular pre-screening - ANSWER>>ANS: D
, Children with potential heart problems with symptoms such as previously
detected cardiac abnormalities and shortness of breath with exercise should have
a cardiovascular evaluation by a cardiologist prior to initiating treatment. If the
screening and assessment are normal, a stimulant medication may be prescribed.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is evaluating a school-age child who
has been diagnosed with ADHD. Which plan will the nurse practitioner
recommend asking the child's school about to help with academic performance?
504
FAPE
IDEA
IEP - ANSWER>>ANS: A
The Section 504 plan specifies "reasonable accommodations" to help children
with disabilities, such as physical or mental conditions, to benefit from their
education. Many children with ADHD with learning disabilities but not cognitive
deficits are eligible for this plan. FAPE, or free and appropriate public education, is
a part of the special education system and lays out regulations for providing
special education. IDEA is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which
provides mandates for providing education for children with disabilities. An IEP, or
Individualized Education Plan, is a written plan defining disabilities, educational
needs, and specific annual goals for meeting these needs. It is not generally used
for children who do not have cognitive deficits, such as those with ADHD.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is conducting a follow-up
examination on a child who has recently begun taking a low-dose stimulant
medication to treat ADHD. The child's school performance and home behaviors
have improved. The child's parent reports noticing a few tics, such a twitching of
the eyelids, but the child is unaware of them and isn't bothered by them. What
will the nurse practitioner recommend?
Adding an alpha-agonist medication
Changing to a non-stimulant medication
Continuing the medication as prescribed
Stopping the medication immediately - ANSWER>>ANS: C
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST
UPDATED RATED CORRECT
ALREADY GRADED A+
The parent of a 4-year-old child reports that the child gets upset when the hall
light is left on at night and won't leave the house unless both shoes are tied
equally tight. The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner recognizes that this
child likely has which type of sensory processing disorder?
Dyspraxia
Over-responder
Sensory seeker
Under-responder - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Children who are over-responders have difficulties with clothing, physical contact,
light, sounds, and food. Dyspraxia refers to difficulty recognizing and
distinguishing shapes and textures. Sensory seekers are on perpetual overdrive
and often in trouble. Under-responders have little or no reaction to stimulation,
pain, and extreme hot or cold.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is considering medication options
for a school-age child recently diagnosed with ADHD who has a primarily
hyperactive presentation. Which medication will the nurse practitioner select
initially?
Low-dose stimulant
Moderate-dose stimulant
Low-dose non-stimulant
Moderate-dose non-stimulant - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Stimulants are generally the first-line medication for ADHD, with non-stimulants
recommended for non-responders. Moderate- to high-dose stimulants are
recommended for children with primarily hyperactive presentations.
,The parent of a preschool-age child who is diagnosed with a sensory processing
disorder (SPD) asks the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner how to help the
child manage the symptoms. What will the nurse practitioner recommend?
Establishing a reward system for acceptable behaviors
Introducing the child to a variety of new experiences
Maintaining predictable routines as much as possible
Providing frequent contact, such as hugs and cuddling - ANSWER>>ANS: C
Children with SPD do best with an environment that is predictable and routine
and the same from day to day. Discipline and/or a reward system is not effective.
Children with SPD can become overwhelmed by new experiences or frequent
touch.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is examining a 3-year-old child who
speaks loudly, in a monotone, does not make eye contact, and prefers to sit on
the exam room floor moving a toy truck back and forth in a repetitive manner.
Which disorder does the nurse practitioner suspect?
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Autism spectrum disorder
Executive function disorder
Sensory processing disorder - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Autism spectrum disorder manifests in toddlers by alterations in socialization and
speech as described above, along with repetitive behaviors. ADHD manifests with
a lack of focus on activities and distractibility. Executive function disorders can
manifest in a variety of ways but not with repetitive behaviors. Children with
sensory processing disorders have altered responses to sensations.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner cares for a preschool-age child who
was exposed to drugs prenatally. The child bites other children and has tantrums
when asked to stop but is able to state later why this behavior is wrong. This child
most likely has a disorder of
executive function.
information processing.
,sensory processing.
social cognition. - ANSWER>>ANS: A
Children with prenatal drug or alcohol exposure often have executive function
disorders, characterized by an inability to stop or delay a response or interrupt an
inappropriate behavior and an inability to modify emotional expression
appropriately. Information processing refers to thinking and problem-solving
ability. Sensory processing has to do with the ability to take in information
through senses and to process it appropriately. Social cognition refers to the
ability to interpret behavior and emotions of the self and others.
A child who has attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has difficulty
stopping activities to begin other activities at school. The primary care pediatric
nurse practitioner understands that this is due to difficulty with the self-
regulation component of
emotional control.
flexibility.
inhibition.
problem-solving. - ANSWER>>ANS: B
Flexibility is a component of self-regulation, which is under the control of
executive functions in the cerebral cortex and is the ability to shift or transition
between activities or thoughts. Emotional control is the ability to modify
emotional expression to the most adaptive expression. Inhibition refers to the
ability to stop or delay an initial response. Problem solving is a component of
metacognition.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is selecting a medication for a 12-
year-old child who is newly diagnosed with ADHD. The child is overweight, has a
history of an atrial septal defect at birth, and reports mild shortness of breath
during exercise. What will the nurse practitioner prescribe?
A low-dose stimulant medication
A non-stimulant medication
Behavioral therapy only
Cardiovascular pre-screening - ANSWER>>ANS: D
, Children with potential heart problems with symptoms such as previously
detected cardiac abnormalities and shortness of breath with exercise should have
a cardiovascular evaluation by a cardiologist prior to initiating treatment. If the
screening and assessment are normal, a stimulant medication may be prescribed.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is evaluating a school-age child who
has been diagnosed with ADHD. Which plan will the nurse practitioner
recommend asking the child's school about to help with academic performance?
504
FAPE
IDEA
IEP - ANSWER>>ANS: A
The Section 504 plan specifies "reasonable accommodations" to help children
with disabilities, such as physical or mental conditions, to benefit from their
education. Many children with ADHD with learning disabilities but not cognitive
deficits are eligible for this plan. FAPE, or free and appropriate public education, is
a part of the special education system and lays out regulations for providing
special education. IDEA is the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, which
provides mandates for providing education for children with disabilities. An IEP, or
Individualized Education Plan, is a written plan defining disabilities, educational
needs, and specific annual goals for meeting these needs. It is not generally used
for children who do not have cognitive deficits, such as those with ADHD.
The primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is conducting a follow-up
examination on a child who has recently begun taking a low-dose stimulant
medication to treat ADHD. The child's school performance and home behaviors
have improved. The child's parent reports noticing a few tics, such a twitching of
the eyelids, but the child is unaware of them and isn't bothered by them. What
will the nurse practitioner recommend?
Adding an alpha-agonist medication
Changing to a non-stimulant medication
Continuing the medication as prescribed
Stopping the medication immediately - ANSWER>>ANS: C
