RST 230 FINAL EXAM | 2025/2026 UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS | ALREADY PASSED!!
Question 1
Which of the following traits is a core diagnostic criterion for narcissistic personality disorder?
A) Intense fear of abandonment.
B) A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality.
C) A grandiose sense of self-importance and entitlement.
D) A reckless disregard for the safety of others.
Correct Answer: C) A grandiose sense of self-importance and entitlement.
Rationale: Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a long-standing pattern of
grandiosity, an overwhelming need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. A
belief that one is special, superior, and deserving of special treatment is a central feature.
Question 2
The lecture on narcissistic personality disorder featured a video of a former university student
who created a manifesto and video detailing his perceived injustices and sense of entitlement
before committing a mass killing. Who was this individual?
A) Ted Bundy
B) Elliot Rodger
C) Jeffrey Dahmer
D) Charles Manson
Correct Answer: B) Elliot Rodger
Rationale: The case of Elliot Rodger is often used as a tragic and extreme example of
narcissistic rage and a profound sense of entitlement. His "manifesto" detailed his feelings
of being wronged by women and society, which is consistent with the grandiosity and lack
of empathy seen in the disorder.
Question 3
A person who engages in frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment, experiences
intense and unstable interpersonal relationships, and has a persistently unstable self-image is
exhibiting the main symptoms of which personality disorder?
A) Histrionic personality disorder
B) Narcissistic personality disorder
C) Borderline personality disorder
D) Antisocial personality disorder
Correct Answer: C) Borderline personality disorder
Rationale: Instability is the hallmark of borderline personality disorder. This includes
instability in relationships, self-image, and emotions. The intense fear of abandonment is
the core driver of many of the behaviors associated with the disorder, such as idealization
and devaluation ("splitting").
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Question 4
Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of being overly dramatic,
theatrical, and constantly seeking to be the center of attention?
A) Narcissistic personality disorder
B) Borderline personality disorder
C) Dependent personality disorder
D) Histrionic personality disorder
Correct Answer: D) Histrionic personality disorder
Rationale: Individuals with histrionic personality disorder are often described as "drama
queens." They are uncomfortable in situations where they are not the center of attention
and may use their physical appearance or display exaggerated emotions to draw attention
to themselves.
Question 5
What is the term for an eating disorder characterized by the persistent eating of nonnutritive,
nonfood substances over a period of at least one month?
A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Pica
D) Rumination disorder
Correct Answer: C) Pica
Rationale: Pica involves eating items that are not typically considered food and that do not
contain significant nutritional value, such as dirt, paint chips, ice, or hair. This behavior
must be inappropriate for the person's developmental level.
Question 6
A 16-year-old is diagnosed with a disorder characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of
behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms are violated.
This diagnosis is known as:
A) Oppositional defiant disorder
B) Intermittent explosive disorder
C) Conduct disorder
D) Antisocial personality disorder
Correct Answer: C) Conduct disorder
Rationale: Conduct disorder is a diagnosis for children and adolescents (typically under age
18) who display a pattern of behavior that includes aggression toward people and animals,
destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. It is a
precursor to antisocial personality disorder.
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Question 7
A child with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is described by his teacher as
being "like he's driven by a motor." He is constantly fidgeting in his seat, running around the
classroom when he should be seated, and seems to be always "on the go." These behaviors are
symptoms of:
A) Inattention
B) Impulsivity
C) Hyperactivity
D) A learning disability
Correct Answer: C) Hyperactivity
Rationale: Hyperactivity is one of the core symptom clusters of ADHD. It refers to excessive
motor activity, restlessness, and an inability to remain still in situations where it is
expected.
Question 8
Which of the following is a key symptom of antisocial personality disorder?
A) Intense anxiety in social situations.
B) A pervasive need to be taken care of.
C) A pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others.
D) Eccentric behavior and magical thinking.
Correct Answer: C) A pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others.
Rationale: Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a long-standing pattern of
manipulative, exploitative, or criminal behavior. This includes a failure to conform to social
norms, deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability, and a lack of remorse.
Question 9
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive and persistent worry. Which
of the following is a common physical symptom associated with GAD?
A) Hallucinations
B) Loss of interest in pleasure
C) Muscle tension and fatigue
D) Grandiosity
Correct Answer: C) Muscle tension and fatigue
Rationale: GAD often manifests with physical symptoms related to chronic hyperarousal.
These include restlessness, feeling "on edge," being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating,
irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbances.
Question 10
In the lecture illustrating a specific phobia, a video was shown where a man displayed an intense
and irrational fear of a:
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A) Spider
B) Snake
C) Puppy
D) Height
Correct Answer: C) Puppy
Rationale: The video demonstrated that a specific phobia can be attached to any object or
situation, even one that most people would not find threatening. The man's extreme
reaction to a small, harmless puppy illustrated the irrational nature of the fear.
Question 11
A 7-year-old child consistently refuses to go to school, complains of stomachaches to avoid
being separated from his mother, and has nightmares about his parents being harmed. These are
characteristic symptoms of:
A) Generalized anxiety disorder
B) Social anxiety disorder
C) Separation anxiety disorder
D) Oppositional defiant disorder
Correct Answer: C) Separation anxiety disorder
Rationale: Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by developmentally inappropriate
and excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is
attached. Symptoms include distress when anticipating or experiencing separation, worry
about losing major attachment figures, and reluctance to go out or be alone.
Question 12
A young child who was raised in an orphanage with a high ratio of infants to caregivers shows a
consistent pattern of inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers. The
child rarely seeks or responds to comfort when distressed. This pattern can be a sign of:
A) Autism spectrum disorder
B) Reactive attachment disorder
C) Separation anxiety disorder
D) Conduct disorder
Correct Answer: B) Reactive attachment disorder
Rationale: Reactive attachment disorder is a rare but serious condition that can develop
when an infant or young child does not establish healthy attachments with parents or
caregivers, often due to social neglect or a lack of consistent care. This results in a
disturbed and developmentally inappropriate way of relating socially.
Question 13
What percentage of the U.S. population is estimated to meet the diagnostic criteria for at least
one anxiety disorder during their lifetime?
ANSWERS | ALREADY PASSED!!
Question 1
Which of the following traits is a core diagnostic criterion for narcissistic personality disorder?
A) Intense fear of abandonment.
B) A pervasive pattern of excessive emotionality.
C) A grandiose sense of self-importance and entitlement.
D) A reckless disregard for the safety of others.
Correct Answer: C) A grandiose sense of self-importance and entitlement.
Rationale: Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by a long-standing pattern of
grandiosity, an overwhelming need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for others. A
belief that one is special, superior, and deserving of special treatment is a central feature.
Question 2
The lecture on narcissistic personality disorder featured a video of a former university student
who created a manifesto and video detailing his perceived injustices and sense of entitlement
before committing a mass killing. Who was this individual?
A) Ted Bundy
B) Elliot Rodger
C) Jeffrey Dahmer
D) Charles Manson
Correct Answer: B) Elliot Rodger
Rationale: The case of Elliot Rodger is often used as a tragic and extreme example of
narcissistic rage and a profound sense of entitlement. His "manifesto" detailed his feelings
of being wronged by women and society, which is consistent with the grandiosity and lack
of empathy seen in the disorder.
Question 3
A person who engages in frantic efforts to avoid real or imagined abandonment, experiences
intense and unstable interpersonal relationships, and has a persistently unstable self-image is
exhibiting the main symptoms of which personality disorder?
A) Histrionic personality disorder
B) Narcissistic personality disorder
C) Borderline personality disorder
D) Antisocial personality disorder
Correct Answer: C) Borderline personality disorder
Rationale: Instability is the hallmark of borderline personality disorder. This includes
instability in relationships, self-image, and emotions. The intense fear of abandonment is
the core driver of many of the behaviors associated with the disorder, such as idealization
and devaluation ("splitting").
,[Type here]
Question 4
Which personality disorder is characterized by a pervasive pattern of being overly dramatic,
theatrical, and constantly seeking to be the center of attention?
A) Narcissistic personality disorder
B) Borderline personality disorder
C) Dependent personality disorder
D) Histrionic personality disorder
Correct Answer: D) Histrionic personality disorder
Rationale: Individuals with histrionic personality disorder are often described as "drama
queens." They are uncomfortable in situations where they are not the center of attention
and may use their physical appearance or display exaggerated emotions to draw attention
to themselves.
Question 5
What is the term for an eating disorder characterized by the persistent eating of nonnutritive,
nonfood substances over a period of at least one month?
A) Anorexia nervosa
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Pica
D) Rumination disorder
Correct Answer: C) Pica
Rationale: Pica involves eating items that are not typically considered food and that do not
contain significant nutritional value, such as dirt, paint chips, ice, or hair. This behavior
must be inappropriate for the person's developmental level.
Question 6
A 16-year-old is diagnosed with a disorder characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of
behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms are violated.
This diagnosis is known as:
A) Oppositional defiant disorder
B) Intermittent explosive disorder
C) Conduct disorder
D) Antisocial personality disorder
Correct Answer: C) Conduct disorder
Rationale: Conduct disorder is a diagnosis for children and adolescents (typically under age
18) who display a pattern of behavior that includes aggression toward people and animals,
destruction of property, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of rules. It is a
precursor to antisocial personality disorder.
,[Type here]
Question 7
A child with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is described by his teacher as
being "like he's driven by a motor." He is constantly fidgeting in his seat, running around the
classroom when he should be seated, and seems to be always "on the go." These behaviors are
symptoms of:
A) Inattention
B) Impulsivity
C) Hyperactivity
D) A learning disability
Correct Answer: C) Hyperactivity
Rationale: Hyperactivity is one of the core symptom clusters of ADHD. It refers to excessive
motor activity, restlessness, and an inability to remain still in situations where it is
expected.
Question 8
Which of the following is a key symptom of antisocial personality disorder?
A) Intense anxiety in social situations.
B) A pervasive need to be taken care of.
C) A pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others.
D) Eccentric behavior and magical thinking.
Correct Answer: C) A pattern of disregard for and violation of the rights of others.
Rationale: Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a long-standing pattern of
manipulative, exploitative, or criminal behavior. This includes a failure to conform to social
norms, deceitfulness, impulsivity, irritability, and a lack of remorse.
Question 9
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is characterized by excessive and persistent worry. Which
of the following is a common physical symptom associated with GAD?
A) Hallucinations
B) Loss of interest in pleasure
C) Muscle tension and fatigue
D) Grandiosity
Correct Answer: C) Muscle tension and fatigue
Rationale: GAD often manifests with physical symptoms related to chronic hyperarousal.
These include restlessness, feeling "on edge," being easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating,
irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbances.
Question 10
In the lecture illustrating a specific phobia, a video was shown where a man displayed an intense
and irrational fear of a:
, [Type here]
A) Spider
B) Snake
C) Puppy
D) Height
Correct Answer: C) Puppy
Rationale: The video demonstrated that a specific phobia can be attached to any object or
situation, even one that most people would not find threatening. The man's extreme
reaction to a small, harmless puppy illustrated the irrational nature of the fear.
Question 11
A 7-year-old child consistently refuses to go to school, complains of stomachaches to avoid
being separated from his mother, and has nightmares about his parents being harmed. These are
characteristic symptoms of:
A) Generalized anxiety disorder
B) Social anxiety disorder
C) Separation anxiety disorder
D) Oppositional defiant disorder
Correct Answer: C) Separation anxiety disorder
Rationale: Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by developmentally inappropriate
and excessive fear or anxiety concerning separation from those to whom the individual is
attached. Symptoms include distress when anticipating or experiencing separation, worry
about losing major attachment figures, and reluctance to go out or be alone.
Question 12
A young child who was raised in an orphanage with a high ratio of infants to caregivers shows a
consistent pattern of inhibited, emotionally withdrawn behavior toward adult caregivers. The
child rarely seeks or responds to comfort when distressed. This pattern can be a sign of:
A) Autism spectrum disorder
B) Reactive attachment disorder
C) Separation anxiety disorder
D) Conduct disorder
Correct Answer: B) Reactive attachment disorder
Rationale: Reactive attachment disorder is a rare but serious condition that can develop
when an infant or young child does not establish healthy attachments with parents or
caregivers, often due to social neglect or a lack of consistent care. This results in a
disturbed and developmentally inappropriate way of relating socially.
Question 13
What percentage of the U.S. population is estimated to meet the diagnostic criteria for at least
one anxiety disorder during their lifetime?
