MD3 - FINAL EXAM | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
2025/2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
Left sided heart failure shows where? Answer - lungs
Causes of Heart failure Answer - Hypertension, CAD, cardiomyopathy,
substance abuse, diabetes, smoking, family history, obesity, severe lung
disease.
S&S of left sided HF Answer - Coughing at night, tachycardia, fatigue,
wheezing, dyspnea when lying down. Decreased cardia output. Hypotension.
Diagnostics for HF Answer - Echo is best. Monitor BNP.
HF nursing interventions Answer - - monitor electrolytes
- daily weights
- monitor blood pressure
- CPAP
- monitor for dehydration
Heart Failure treatment Answer - diuretics
HF patient education Answer - - sleep with extra pillow under head
- low sodium diet
,- fluid restriction
- teach how to take heart rate
- contact provider if Tinnitus occurs
- monitor daily weight
- stay active
- AVOID NSAIDS
Where does right sided heart failure show??? Answer - in body - systemic
edema
right sided HF signs and symptoms Answer - - edema
- tachypnea
- decreased urine output
Mitral valvue stenosis causes Answer - *Rheumatic fever*, congenital
abnormalities
Mitral valve stenosis signs and symptoms Answer - - rheumatic fever
- afib
- decrease cardiac output = fatigue, hypotension, tachycardia
Mitral valve stenosis interventions Answer - tripod breathing position
mitral valve stenosis treatment Answer - - valve replacement
- blood thinners
- valvuloplasty
, Valve replacement patient education Answer - - must have dental exam prior
to replacement
- must stop taking anticoagulants before surgery
- INR needs to be monitored frequently
Valve replacement post- op care? Answer - monitor CO and assess for
indications of heart failure.
Mitral regurgitation causes Answer - - rheumatic fever
- fatigue
- dyspnea on exertion
- anxiety
- atypical chest pain
- palpitations
Mitral regurgitation signs and symptoms Answer - decreased cardiac output =
hypotension, tachycardia, fatigue, weakness. High pitched systolic murmur.
Mitral regurgitation treatment Answer - - diuretics
- digoxin
- ACE INHIBITORS
- BETA BLOCKERS
- low sodium diet
- surgery to repair
Endocarditis causes Answer - - IV drug use
- valve replacement
2025/2026 UPDATE | WITH COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
Left sided heart failure shows where? Answer - lungs
Causes of Heart failure Answer - Hypertension, CAD, cardiomyopathy,
substance abuse, diabetes, smoking, family history, obesity, severe lung
disease.
S&S of left sided HF Answer - Coughing at night, tachycardia, fatigue,
wheezing, dyspnea when lying down. Decreased cardia output. Hypotension.
Diagnostics for HF Answer - Echo is best. Monitor BNP.
HF nursing interventions Answer - - monitor electrolytes
- daily weights
- monitor blood pressure
- CPAP
- monitor for dehydration
Heart Failure treatment Answer - diuretics
HF patient education Answer - - sleep with extra pillow under head
- low sodium diet
,- fluid restriction
- teach how to take heart rate
- contact provider if Tinnitus occurs
- monitor daily weight
- stay active
- AVOID NSAIDS
Where does right sided heart failure show??? Answer - in body - systemic
edema
right sided HF signs and symptoms Answer - - edema
- tachypnea
- decreased urine output
Mitral valvue stenosis causes Answer - *Rheumatic fever*, congenital
abnormalities
Mitral valve stenosis signs and symptoms Answer - - rheumatic fever
- afib
- decrease cardiac output = fatigue, hypotension, tachycardia
Mitral valve stenosis interventions Answer - tripod breathing position
mitral valve stenosis treatment Answer - - valve replacement
- blood thinners
- valvuloplasty
, Valve replacement patient education Answer - - must have dental exam prior
to replacement
- must stop taking anticoagulants before surgery
- INR needs to be monitored frequently
Valve replacement post- op care? Answer - monitor CO and assess for
indications of heart failure.
Mitral regurgitation causes Answer - - rheumatic fever
- fatigue
- dyspnea on exertion
- anxiety
- atypical chest pain
- palpitations
Mitral regurgitation signs and symptoms Answer - decreased cardiac output =
hypotension, tachycardia, fatigue, weakness. High pitched systolic murmur.
Mitral regurgitation treatment Answer - - diuretics
- digoxin
- ACE INHIBITORS
- BETA BLOCKERS
- low sodium diet
- surgery to repair
Endocarditis causes Answer - - IV drug use
- valve replacement
