NUR 254 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 2025
Presumtive signs of pregnancy - ANSWERSSUBJECTIVE
-Nausea/vomiting
-amenorrhea
-breast changes
-fatigue
-urinary frequency
-quickening (fetal movement)
Probable signs of pregnancy - ANSWERSEXAMINER OBJECTIVE FINDING
-Hegar's sign
-Goodell's sign
-Chadwick's sign
-Positive pregnancy test
-Braxton hicks contractions
-Ballotment
nonstress test - ANSWERSA method for evaluating fetal status during the antepartum
period by observing the response of the fetal heart rate to fetal movement.
accelerations should be 15x15 at 36wks
Cerclage - ANSWERSsuturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely
during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion or premature
birth
Estrogen - ANSWERS- Responsible for enlargement ofuterus, breasts, and genitals
- supports melanocyte-stimulating hormone in hyperpigmentation of skin
- vasular changes
- alters sodium and water retention
Progesterone - ANSWERS- inhibits uterine contractility
- promotes the development of secretory ducts for lactation
- Reduced smooth muscle tone (inc. risk for heartburn, constipation, UTI)
Human chorionicsomatomammotropi - ANSWERS- produced by placenta
- Affects glucose and protein metabolism
- Decreases maternal metabolism of glucose
- increases resistance to insulin
Relaxin - ANSWERS- softens cervix (goodells sign)
,- causes connective tissues of symphysis pubis to be more moveable
- inhibits uterine activity
Oxytocin - ANSWERS- produced by posterior pituitary
- stimulates uterine contractions
- stimulates milk ejection
Eclampsia - ANSWERSTonic clonic Seizure with pre-eclampsia
Ectopic pregnancy - ANSWERSPregnancy that is located outside of the uterus
S/S of ectopic pregnancy - ANSWERSthree classic signs and symptoms before rupture:
abdominal pain, delayed menses, abnormal vaginal bleeding.
Methotrexate - ANSWERS- dissolves ectopic (tubal) pregnancies by destroying cells
- urine and stool could contain toxic levels of drug for up to 7 days. double flush toilet
-
What to avoid on methotrexate - ANSWERS- folic acid
- "gas forming" foods
- sun
avoid sex unti beta-hCG levels are undetectable
- Do not take any analgesics stronger than Tylenol (they will mask symptoms of tubal
rupture)
Antidote for Magnesium Toxicity - ANSWERScalcium gluconate
gestational diabetes diagnosis criteria - ANSWERSFailed 1hr OGTT, and met 2 or more
of the criteria in the 3hr OGTT
Magnesium sulfate - ANSWERSMedication used for prevention of seizures and
neonatal neuroprotection
S/S of DIC - ANSWERS- signs of thrombosis
- bleeding from at least 3 unrelated sites
- epitaxis
- hypotension
- tachycardia
Interventions for DIC - ANSWERSMonitor for bleeding and signs of shock
insert foley- watch I&O and renal function
Oxygen, volume replacement, blood therapy, possible heparin
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) - ANSWERS- Activation of coagulation
which is widespread and can lead to excessive clotting and hemorrhage
It is never a primary diagnosis, most often triggered by placental abruption
, Preterm labor - ANSWERSThe progressive dilation of the cervix prior to 36wks of
pregnancy and after 20 weeks gestation.
Pre-eclampsia diagnosis criteria - ANSWERSBP greater than 140/90 2x greater than 4
hours apart, often with proteinuria.
molar pregnancy - ANSWERSalso known as gestational trophoblastic disease;
abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic cells in the first trimester
not a viable pregnancy
-dark brown discharge
-cannot become pregnant within one year and have frequent checks for cancer
Presents often with a "snowstorm" pattern
Hegar's sign - ANSWERSsoftening of the lower uterine segment
Goodell's sign - ANSWERSsoftening of the cervix
Chadwick's sign - ANSWERSBluish-purple coloration of the vaginal mucosa and cervix
ballotment - ANSWERSRebounding of the fetus against the examiner's finger on
palpation. When the examiner taps the cervix, the fetus floats upward in the amniotic
fluid.
Positive signs of pregnancy - ANSWERS-hearing fetal heart sounds
-Visualization of the fetus
-feeling of fetal movement by examiner
Gravida - ANSWERStotal number of pregnancies
Para - ANSWERSnumber of pregnancies 20 weeks or >
Term - ANSWERS37-40+ weeks (posterm 42+ weeks)
Preterm - ANSWERS20-36 6/7 weeks
Abortion - ANSWERSprior to 20 weeks
Living - ANSWERSNumber of living children
Naegle's rule - estimate due date - ANSWERSLMP - 3 months + 7 days
Fetal Assessment - ANSWERS-10-12 weeks: Fetal heart rate ( 110-160)
ANSWERS 2025
Presumtive signs of pregnancy - ANSWERSSUBJECTIVE
-Nausea/vomiting
-amenorrhea
-breast changes
-fatigue
-urinary frequency
-quickening (fetal movement)
Probable signs of pregnancy - ANSWERSEXAMINER OBJECTIVE FINDING
-Hegar's sign
-Goodell's sign
-Chadwick's sign
-Positive pregnancy test
-Braxton hicks contractions
-Ballotment
nonstress test - ANSWERSA method for evaluating fetal status during the antepartum
period by observing the response of the fetal heart rate to fetal movement.
accelerations should be 15x15 at 36wks
Cerclage - ANSWERSsuturing of the cervix to prevent it from dilating prematurely
during pregnancy, thus decreasing the chance of a spontaneous abortion or premature
birth
Estrogen - ANSWERS- Responsible for enlargement ofuterus, breasts, and genitals
- supports melanocyte-stimulating hormone in hyperpigmentation of skin
- vasular changes
- alters sodium and water retention
Progesterone - ANSWERS- inhibits uterine contractility
- promotes the development of secretory ducts for lactation
- Reduced smooth muscle tone (inc. risk for heartburn, constipation, UTI)
Human chorionicsomatomammotropi - ANSWERS- produced by placenta
- Affects glucose and protein metabolism
- Decreases maternal metabolism of glucose
- increases resistance to insulin
Relaxin - ANSWERS- softens cervix (goodells sign)
,- causes connective tissues of symphysis pubis to be more moveable
- inhibits uterine activity
Oxytocin - ANSWERS- produced by posterior pituitary
- stimulates uterine contractions
- stimulates milk ejection
Eclampsia - ANSWERSTonic clonic Seizure with pre-eclampsia
Ectopic pregnancy - ANSWERSPregnancy that is located outside of the uterus
S/S of ectopic pregnancy - ANSWERSthree classic signs and symptoms before rupture:
abdominal pain, delayed menses, abnormal vaginal bleeding.
Methotrexate - ANSWERS- dissolves ectopic (tubal) pregnancies by destroying cells
- urine and stool could contain toxic levels of drug for up to 7 days. double flush toilet
-
What to avoid on methotrexate - ANSWERS- folic acid
- "gas forming" foods
- sun
avoid sex unti beta-hCG levels are undetectable
- Do not take any analgesics stronger than Tylenol (they will mask symptoms of tubal
rupture)
Antidote for Magnesium Toxicity - ANSWERScalcium gluconate
gestational diabetes diagnosis criteria - ANSWERSFailed 1hr OGTT, and met 2 or more
of the criteria in the 3hr OGTT
Magnesium sulfate - ANSWERSMedication used for prevention of seizures and
neonatal neuroprotection
S/S of DIC - ANSWERS- signs of thrombosis
- bleeding from at least 3 unrelated sites
- epitaxis
- hypotension
- tachycardia
Interventions for DIC - ANSWERSMonitor for bleeding and signs of shock
insert foley- watch I&O and renal function
Oxygen, volume replacement, blood therapy, possible heparin
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) - ANSWERS- Activation of coagulation
which is widespread and can lead to excessive clotting and hemorrhage
It is never a primary diagnosis, most often triggered by placental abruption
, Preterm labor - ANSWERSThe progressive dilation of the cervix prior to 36wks of
pregnancy and after 20 weeks gestation.
Pre-eclampsia diagnosis criteria - ANSWERSBP greater than 140/90 2x greater than 4
hours apart, often with proteinuria.
molar pregnancy - ANSWERSalso known as gestational trophoblastic disease;
abnormal proliferation of trophoblastic cells in the first trimester
not a viable pregnancy
-dark brown discharge
-cannot become pregnant within one year and have frequent checks for cancer
Presents often with a "snowstorm" pattern
Hegar's sign - ANSWERSsoftening of the lower uterine segment
Goodell's sign - ANSWERSsoftening of the cervix
Chadwick's sign - ANSWERSBluish-purple coloration of the vaginal mucosa and cervix
ballotment - ANSWERSRebounding of the fetus against the examiner's finger on
palpation. When the examiner taps the cervix, the fetus floats upward in the amniotic
fluid.
Positive signs of pregnancy - ANSWERS-hearing fetal heart sounds
-Visualization of the fetus
-feeling of fetal movement by examiner
Gravida - ANSWERStotal number of pregnancies
Para - ANSWERSnumber of pregnancies 20 weeks or >
Term - ANSWERS37-40+ weeks (posterm 42+ weeks)
Preterm - ANSWERS20-36 6/7 weeks
Abortion - ANSWERSprior to 20 weeks
Living - ANSWERSNumber of living children
Naegle's rule - estimate due date - ANSWERSLMP - 3 months + 7 days
Fetal Assessment - ANSWERS-10-12 weeks: Fetal heart rate ( 110-160)
