MGMT 309 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
_____ is the overall set of expectations held by an individual with respect to what he or
she will contribute to an organization and what the organization will provide in return.
a. Psychological contract
b. Negative emotionality
c. Self-efficacy
d. Locus of control - Answer -a. Psychological contract
Which of the following is true of contributions?
a. They are not included in a psychological contract.
b. They are what an organization provides to an individual.
c. They include job security and recognition.
d. They presumably satisfy various needs and requirements of an organization. -
Answer -d. They presumably satisfy various needs and requirements of an organization.
Which of the following is an example of an inducement?
a. Loyalty
b. Ability
c. Skill
d. Status - Answer -d. Status
_____ is the relatively permanent set of psychological and behavioral attributes that
distinguish one person from another.
a. Image diversity
b. Personality
c. A psychological contract
d. A collective mosaic - Answer -b. Personality
Which of the following is true of agreeableness?
a. It is the number of things a person can effectively work on at one time.
b. It allows people to have broad interests and to be curious, imaginative, and creative.
c. It is the extent to which a person is poised, calm, resilient, and secure.
d. It causes some people to be gentle, cooperative, and good-natured in their dealings
with others. - Answer -d. It causes some people to be gentle, cooperative, and good-
natured in their dealings with others.
Scott is an organized, responsible, and self-disciplined employee. He is able to work on
multiple projects at a time and submit them error-free within deadlines. Based on this
information and according to the "Big Five" personality traits, it can be said that Scott
has high levels of _____.
a. emotionality
b. conscientiousness
c. extraversion
,d. agreeableness - Answer -b. conscientiousness
_____ are complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas,
situations, or other people.
a. Attitudes
b. Inducements
c. Perceptions
d. Individual differences - Answer -a. Attitudes
The conflict individuals experience among their own attitudes is called _____.
a. risk propensity
b. conscientiousness
c. cognitive dissonance
d. self-efficacy - Answer -c. cognitive dissonance
High levels of job satisfaction:
a. lead to high levels of performance.
b. are more common in Japan than in the United States.
c. lead to more positive contributions.
d. are not influenced by personal factors. - Answer -c. lead to more positive
contributions.
Ralph is an employee at an e-retail company. When he was still new in the company, he
came to work late on a regular basis and showed a lot of negligence in his work. As a
result, his manager developed a very poor impression of him. Months later, even as
Ralph's work showed improvement, his manager continued to overlook his efforts. This
is due to _____.
a. selective perception
b. stereotyping
c. negative emotionality
d. cognitive dissonance - Answer -a. selective perception
_____ is the process of categorizing or labeling people on the basis of a single attribute.
a. Prototyping
b. Stereotyping
c. Specifying
d. Detailing - Answer -b. Stereotyping
The process of observing behavior and assigning causes to it is known as _____.
a. attribution
b. categorization
c. stereotyping
d. identification - Answer -a. attribution
_____ is an individual's response to a strong stimulus.
a. Dissonance
, b. Machiavellianism
c. Stress
d. Attribution - Answer -c. Stress
Which of the following is the cycle of the stress process?
a. General Adaptation Syndrome
b. Selective perception
c. Stressor Adaptive Syndrome
d. Negative affectivity - Answer -a. General Adaptation Syndrome
In stage 2 of the General Adaptive Syndrome, a person:
a. panics due to a stressor.
b. ignores a stressor.
c. resists the effects of a stressor.
d. encounters a stressor. - Answer -c. resists the effects of a stressor.
The traits shared by most creative people:
a. are openness and an attraction to complexity.
b. are stress and dependency.
c. are positive affectivity and dependency.
d. are negative emotionality and an attraction to complexity. - Answer -a. are openness
and an attraction to complexity.
_____ is a skill that allows people to see similarities among situations, phenomena, or
events.
a. Divergent thinking
b. Convergent thinking
c. Vertical thinking
d. Cross-functional thinking - Answer -b. Convergent thinking
In the creative process, _____ represents a coming together of all the scattered
thoughts and ideas that were maturing during incubation.
a. insight
b. delight
c. verification
d. preparation - Answer -a. insight
_____ is a pattern of action by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly
influences organizational effectiveness.
a. Positive affectivity
b. General adaptation syndrome
c. Workplace behavior
d. Job satisfaction - Answer -c. Workplace behavior
Which of the following is true of performance behaviors?
a. They can always be easily measured.
_____ is the overall set of expectations held by an individual with respect to what he or
she will contribute to an organization and what the organization will provide in return.
a. Psychological contract
b. Negative emotionality
c. Self-efficacy
d. Locus of control - Answer -a. Psychological contract
Which of the following is true of contributions?
a. They are not included in a psychological contract.
b. They are what an organization provides to an individual.
c. They include job security and recognition.
d. They presumably satisfy various needs and requirements of an organization. -
Answer -d. They presumably satisfy various needs and requirements of an organization.
Which of the following is an example of an inducement?
a. Loyalty
b. Ability
c. Skill
d. Status - Answer -d. Status
_____ is the relatively permanent set of psychological and behavioral attributes that
distinguish one person from another.
a. Image diversity
b. Personality
c. A psychological contract
d. A collective mosaic - Answer -b. Personality
Which of the following is true of agreeableness?
a. It is the number of things a person can effectively work on at one time.
b. It allows people to have broad interests and to be curious, imaginative, and creative.
c. It is the extent to which a person is poised, calm, resilient, and secure.
d. It causes some people to be gentle, cooperative, and good-natured in their dealings
with others. - Answer -d. It causes some people to be gentle, cooperative, and good-
natured in their dealings with others.
Scott is an organized, responsible, and self-disciplined employee. He is able to work on
multiple projects at a time and submit them error-free within deadlines. Based on this
information and according to the "Big Five" personality traits, it can be said that Scott
has high levels of _____.
a. emotionality
b. conscientiousness
c. extraversion
,d. agreeableness - Answer -b. conscientiousness
_____ are complexes of beliefs and feelings that people have about specific ideas,
situations, or other people.
a. Attitudes
b. Inducements
c. Perceptions
d. Individual differences - Answer -a. Attitudes
The conflict individuals experience among their own attitudes is called _____.
a. risk propensity
b. conscientiousness
c. cognitive dissonance
d. self-efficacy - Answer -c. cognitive dissonance
High levels of job satisfaction:
a. lead to high levels of performance.
b. are more common in Japan than in the United States.
c. lead to more positive contributions.
d. are not influenced by personal factors. - Answer -c. lead to more positive
contributions.
Ralph is an employee at an e-retail company. When he was still new in the company, he
came to work late on a regular basis and showed a lot of negligence in his work. As a
result, his manager developed a very poor impression of him. Months later, even as
Ralph's work showed improvement, his manager continued to overlook his efforts. This
is due to _____.
a. selective perception
b. stereotyping
c. negative emotionality
d. cognitive dissonance - Answer -a. selective perception
_____ is the process of categorizing or labeling people on the basis of a single attribute.
a. Prototyping
b. Stereotyping
c. Specifying
d. Detailing - Answer -b. Stereotyping
The process of observing behavior and assigning causes to it is known as _____.
a. attribution
b. categorization
c. stereotyping
d. identification - Answer -a. attribution
_____ is an individual's response to a strong stimulus.
a. Dissonance
, b. Machiavellianism
c. Stress
d. Attribution - Answer -c. Stress
Which of the following is the cycle of the stress process?
a. General Adaptation Syndrome
b. Selective perception
c. Stressor Adaptive Syndrome
d. Negative affectivity - Answer -a. General Adaptation Syndrome
In stage 2 of the General Adaptive Syndrome, a person:
a. panics due to a stressor.
b. ignores a stressor.
c. resists the effects of a stressor.
d. encounters a stressor. - Answer -c. resists the effects of a stressor.
The traits shared by most creative people:
a. are openness and an attraction to complexity.
b. are stress and dependency.
c. are positive affectivity and dependency.
d. are negative emotionality and an attraction to complexity. - Answer -a. are openness
and an attraction to complexity.
_____ is a skill that allows people to see similarities among situations, phenomena, or
events.
a. Divergent thinking
b. Convergent thinking
c. Vertical thinking
d. Cross-functional thinking - Answer -b. Convergent thinking
In the creative process, _____ represents a coming together of all the scattered
thoughts and ideas that were maturing during incubation.
a. insight
b. delight
c. verification
d. preparation - Answer -a. insight
_____ is a pattern of action by the members of an organization that directly or indirectly
influences organizational effectiveness.
a. Positive affectivity
b. General adaptation syndrome
c. Workplace behavior
d. Job satisfaction - Answer -c. Workplace behavior
Which of the following is true of performance behaviors?
a. They can always be easily measured.
