COMAT: Emergency Medicine questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct

COMAT: Emergency Medicine questions And Answers Verified 100% Correct What is a FAST exam + when is it used? - ANSWER -a limited ultrasound examination to look for free intraperitoneal + pericardial fluid in the context of trauma What is the treatment for a non-angulated Buckle fracture? - ANSWER -Splinting (in a position of function) What is the formula for 'Anion Gap?' - ANSWER -Sodium - Chloride - Bicarbonate (CO2) Pt presents with AMS, visual disturbances after ingesting an unknown alcoholic drink; ABG reveals wide anion gap metabolic acidosis. Diagnosis? - ANSWER Methanol toxicity -- symptoms present 12 hours later In patients with supratherapeutic INR/PT and acute life-threatening hemorrhage what treatment is indicated? - ANSWER -FFP + Vitamin K What is the MC cause of death in burn patients? - ANSWER -Infection = need to give antibiotics What technique is used to asses total body burn assessment? - ANSWER -Rule of 9's What is the treatment for hyperkalemia + other abnormal ECG findings? - ANSWER -1.) Calcium chloride/gluconate = prevents arrhythmias 2.) Insulin + glucose (insulin = pushes K+ back into cells, lower its level) What imaging test should be performed in a patient with head trauma? - ANSWER -Head CT w/o contrast Lens-shaped hemorrhage on head CT that does not cross suture lines? - ANSWER -Epidural hematoma ST-elevation is found in what leads for an Apical infarction? - ANSWER -V1-V4 What should be given in a Beta-blocker overdose? - ANSWER -IV Glucagon, also Atropine Cherry-red skin or Cherry-red blood are keywords for what? - ANSWER -Cyanide toxicity = treat with Thiosulfate; Amyl nitrate for nitroprusside toxicity What is the SpO2 in Carbon Monoxide poisoning? - ANSWER -100% or Normal (but NOT oxygenated t/o body) ST-elevation in leads V1-V6, and I, avL refers to MI infarction in what myocardial wall AND what artery? - ANSWER -Anterolateral wall MI affecting LAD What is the bacteria pathogen from a cat scratch? - ANSWER -Bartonella henselae *P. multocida = cat-bite What is the MC pathogen from a human bite? - ANSWER -Eikenella corodens = Treat w/Augmentin What are the major SE's of Succinylcholine? - ANSWER -Malignant hyperthermia, Hyperkalemia, Hypercalcemia, Increased IOP, Rhabdo Bradycardia and Osborne or "J-waves" found on ECG. Diagnosis? - ANSWER Hypothermia How long must a seizure persist to be termed, 'Status Epilepticus?" - ANSWER Continuous seizures 5 minutes without recovery of consciousness What are the 1st, 2nd, 3rd line treatments for nose bleed? - ANSWER -1.) Direct pressure 2.) Oxymetazoline (alpha-agonist: vasoconstrict) 3.) Cautery/nasal packing What is Cullen's sign and what disease pathology is it associated with? - ANSWER -Superficial edema + bruising around umbilicus = early sign of Pancreatitis Periorbital ecchymosis (Raccoon eyes) is typical of what medical pathology? - ANSWER -Basilar skull fracture *brusing around eyes/behind ears, CSF fluid leak out nose or ears With QRS prolongation greater than 100 msec, what medication should be administered? - ANSWER -Sodium bicarbonate Patient presents with right eye pain, photophobia, miosis and ciliary flush after getting hit in the eye with a dodgeball. Diagnosis? - ANSWER -Acute iritis or Anterior uveitis = inflammation of iris What are some signs of needing urgent intubation? - ANSWER -GCS 8, gurgling/gasping, stridor, apnea Firefighter presents to ED looking very sick with very brightly red skin--what is the treatment? - ANSWER -Thiosulfate (Cyanide toxicity) What are some ECG presentations of Acute MI? - ANSWER -Tathologic Q waves, ST elevations/depression or new onset bundle branch blocks What are the 4 classic areas that are examined for free fluid in a FAST exam? - ANSWER -Perihepatic space (Morrison's pouch), Perisplenic space, Pericardium, Pelvis Primary closure (suture) of a wound must happen within what time frame? - ANSWER -Within 6 hours; if 6 hours = irrigate wound What are the components of the TIMI score? - ANSWER -= "AMERICA"