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NURS 231 / BIOD 331 Pathophysiology – Module 7 Exam (2 Versions) | Actual Exam Questions & Verified Answers | Portage Learning, Geneva College | Latest Update 2025/2026

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This NURS 231 / BIOD 331 Pathophysiology – Module 7 Exam (2 Versions) resource provides actual exam-style questions with verified correct answers, fully aligned with the Pathophysiology curriculum at Portage Learning / Geneva College. Module 7 focuses on cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology, one of the most heavily tested areas in the course. These two versions are designed to help you understand key concepts and prepare efficiently for your assessment. Covers Major Module 7 Topics: Anatomy and physiology of the heart Cardiac action potentials & conduction system Cardiac output, preload, afterload, and contractility Vascular function & blood pressure regulation Common cardiovascular disorders (CHF, hypertension, atherosclerosis, MI) Diagnostic testing: ECG basics, lab markers, blood pressure interpretation Each exam version includes realistic test questions with verified correct answers, making this an excellent study resource for review, practice, and last-minute preparation. Perfect for: NURS 231 / BIOD 331 students Portage Learning & Geneva College exam prep Cardiovascular system study support Reviewing before the Module 7 exam What’s Included: Two full exam versions Accurate, verified answers Exam-style questions Updated for 2025/2026 Helps improve speed, accuracy, and content mastery Ace your Module 7 exam with confidence using this reliable, high-quality Pathophysiology exam prep resource.

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,Inside you will get:
➢ Updated 2 Version Exam + Study Guide

➢ True & False Questions

➢ Multiple Choice Questions and Answers

➢ Expert-Verified Explanations


Table of Contents
BIOD 331 MODULE 7 EXAM VERSION 1 ...................................... 2

BIOD 331 MODULE 7 EXAM VERSION 2 .................................... 27

BIOD 331 MODULE 7 EXAM STUDY GUIDE ... Error! Bookmark not defined.




BIOD 331 MODULE 7 EXAM VERSION 1


Question 1


The liver is responsible for each of the following EXCEPT:


- Producing bile
- Stores vitamins and minerals
- Releases insulin

,- Synthesizes protein


Answer: Releases insulin.


Verified Rationale:
The liver performs numerous essential metabolic, synthetic, and storage functions, such
as producing bile for fat digestion, synthesizing plasma proteins (e.g., albumin, clotting
factors), and storing vitamins (A, D, B12) and minerals (iron, copper). However, insulin
is released by the beta cells of the pancreas, not the liver. The liver does respond to
insulin by regulating carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism, but it does not
produce or secrete this hormone.


---


The liver is responsible for each of the following EXCEPT:


- Can store 500-1000 mL of blood
- Can store glucose as glycogen
- Converts ammonia to urea
- Helps with digestion of lipids


Answer: Helps with digestion of lipids.


Verified Rationale:
While the liver is integral to the process of fat digestion through the secretion of bile
salts (which emulsify dietary fats), the actual enzymatic digestion of lipids occurs
primarily via pancreatic lipase in the small intestine. The liver itself is not directly
digesting the lipids but assists by producing bile.


---

, Question 2


Complications of gallstones include each of the following EXCEPT:


- Cirrhosis
- Biliary obstruction
- Pancreatitis
- Cholecystitis


Answer: Cirrhosis.


Verified Rationale:
Cirrhosis is a chronic liver disease unrelated to gallstones. It is most commonly due to
chronic alcohol use, chronic hepatitis, or metabolic disorders. Gallstones may cause
biliary obstruction, acute/chronic cholecystitis, and may also lead to pancreatitis if they
block the pancreatic duct, but they do not directly cause cirrhosis.


---


Risk factors for gallstone formation include each of the following EXCEPT:


- Obesity
- Male gender or age (60’s)
- Age (40’s)
- Pregnancy


Answer: Male gender or age (60’s).


Verified Rationale:

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