MCB 150 Exam 1 Mastering Questions With Complete
Solutions
____ structure is achieved when a protein folds into a compact,
three-dimensional shape stabilized by interactions between side-
chain R groups of amino acids. Correct Answers tertiary
_____ are surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to
a surface. Correct Answers Fimbriae
_____ are the sites of protein synthesis. Correct Answers
ribosomes
_____ helps to stabilize the structure of the plasma membrane.
Correct Answers Cholesterol
_____ is/are identical in structure to centrioles. Correct Answers
basal bodies (basal bodies and centrioles have identical
structures)
_____ structure is the result of two or more protein subunits
assembling to form a larger, biologically active protein complex.
Correct Answers quaternary
_____ structure is the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
Correct Answers primary
______structure describes the alpha-helices and beta-sheets that
are formed by hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms
located near each other in the polypeptide chain. Correct
Answers secondary
,A ______, such as a vitamin, binds to an enzyme and plays a
role in catalysis. Correct Answers cofactor
A "mystery molecule" was isolated in a laboratory and scientists
found that the molecule readily crossed artificial membranes.
Which of the following molecules can be ruled out as the
"mystery molecule?" Correct Answers Cl- (chloride ion)
A food company hydrogenated a barrel of fat. The treatment
____. Correct Answers made the fat less fluid
A function of cholesterol that does not harm health is its role
_____. Correct Answers as a component of animal cell
membranes
A substrate binds to an enzyme at the _____, where the reaction
occurs. Correct Answers active site
A sugar that has the chemical formula C5H10O5 would be
characterized as a(n) ____. Correct Answers pentose
A(n) _______ inhibitor binds to a site on the enzyme that is not
the active site. Correct Answers noncompetitive
A(n) _______ inhibitor has a structure that is so similar to the
substrate that it can bond to the enzyme just like the substrate.
Correct Answers competitive (can be outcompeted by adding
extra substrate)
, An enzyme is ____ when it loses its native conformation and its
biological activity. Correct Answers denatured (happens at too
high of a temp. or a pH outside enzyme's optimal range)
An enzyme is ____. Correct Answers an organic catalyst
An enzyme is considered ____ because of its ability to recognize
the shape of a particular molecule. Correct Answers specific
An enzyme is considered a _____ because it speeds up chemical
reactions without being used up. Correct Answers catalyst
As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____.
Correct Answers is unchanged
Can you foresee any metabolic complications in the process of
glycogen degradation? How do you think the cell handles this?
Correct Answers Every branch point will have an α (1→6)
glycosidic bond that will have to be hydrolyzed. This is handled
by the presence of an additional enzyme specific for the α(1→6)
bond.
Can you see why cells that degrade amylose instead of
amylopectin have enzymes capable of endolytic (internal) as
well as exolytic cleavage of glycosidic bonds? Correct Answers
Endolytic cleavage breaks the molecule internally, creating
additional ends for exolytic attack and thereby allowing the
mobilization of more glucose per unit time.
Carbohydrate polymers are made up of __________ monomers.
Correct Answers simple sugar (monosaccharide)
Solutions
____ structure is achieved when a protein folds into a compact,
three-dimensional shape stabilized by interactions between side-
chain R groups of amino acids. Correct Answers tertiary
_____ are surface appendages that allow a bacterium to stick to
a surface. Correct Answers Fimbriae
_____ are the sites of protein synthesis. Correct Answers
ribosomes
_____ helps to stabilize the structure of the plasma membrane.
Correct Answers Cholesterol
_____ is/are identical in structure to centrioles. Correct Answers
basal bodies (basal bodies and centrioles have identical
structures)
_____ structure is the result of two or more protein subunits
assembling to form a larger, biologically active protein complex.
Correct Answers quaternary
_____ structure is the sequence of amino acids in a protein.
Correct Answers primary
______structure describes the alpha-helices and beta-sheets that
are formed by hydrogen bonding between backbone atoms
located near each other in the polypeptide chain. Correct
Answers secondary
,A ______, such as a vitamin, binds to an enzyme and plays a
role in catalysis. Correct Answers cofactor
A "mystery molecule" was isolated in a laboratory and scientists
found that the molecule readily crossed artificial membranes.
Which of the following molecules can be ruled out as the
"mystery molecule?" Correct Answers Cl- (chloride ion)
A food company hydrogenated a barrel of fat. The treatment
____. Correct Answers made the fat less fluid
A function of cholesterol that does not harm health is its role
_____. Correct Answers as a component of animal cell
membranes
A substrate binds to an enzyme at the _____, where the reaction
occurs. Correct Answers active site
A sugar that has the chemical formula C5H10O5 would be
characterized as a(n) ____. Correct Answers pentose
A(n) _______ inhibitor binds to a site on the enzyme that is not
the active site. Correct Answers noncompetitive
A(n) _______ inhibitor has a structure that is so similar to the
substrate that it can bond to the enzyme just like the substrate.
Correct Answers competitive (can be outcompeted by adding
extra substrate)
, An enzyme is ____ when it loses its native conformation and its
biological activity. Correct Answers denatured (happens at too
high of a temp. or a pH outside enzyme's optimal range)
An enzyme is ____. Correct Answers an organic catalyst
An enzyme is considered ____ because of its ability to recognize
the shape of a particular molecule. Correct Answers specific
An enzyme is considered a _____ because it speeds up chemical
reactions without being used up. Correct Answers catalyst
As a result of its involvement in a reaction, an enzyme _____.
Correct Answers is unchanged
Can you foresee any metabolic complications in the process of
glycogen degradation? How do you think the cell handles this?
Correct Answers Every branch point will have an α (1→6)
glycosidic bond that will have to be hydrolyzed. This is handled
by the presence of an additional enzyme specific for the α(1→6)
bond.
Can you see why cells that degrade amylose instead of
amylopectin have enzymes capable of endolytic (internal) as
well as exolytic cleavage of glycosidic bonds? Correct Answers
Endolytic cleavage breaks the molecule internally, creating
additional ends for exolytic attack and thereby allowing the
mobilization of more glucose per unit time.
Carbohydrate polymers are made up of __________ monomers.
Correct Answers simple sugar (monosaccharide)
