ANAT 1500 : TEST 2 | THE SMART WAY TO PASS | REAL
TESTS, REAL RESULTS!
Skeletal system - Answer: gives our bodies structure and protects major organs like the
heart, lungs, and brain
Porosity - Answer: A measure of the percentage of pores (open spaces) in a material.
Cancellous bone - Answer: -large pores/openings(spongy)
-lattice-like framework
-trabeculae
Compact bone - Answer: -hard
-dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone
Haversian system of compact bone - Answer: -osteon
-rings are called "lamella"
-where blood vessels and lymphatic run through
Long bone - Answer: -longer than they are wide
-spongy ends
-mostly compact bone
Long bone examples - Answer: humerus (arm)
Ulna (arm)
Radius (arm)
Femur (leg)
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1
,Tibia (below the knee)
Fibula (below the knee)
Short bones - Answer: -cube shaped bones
-wide, deep as they are tall
-mostly spongy bone
Short bones examples - Answer: - carpals (wrist)
- tarsals (ankle)
Flat bones - Answer: -thin, flat
-curved
-two thin layers of compact bone w/ spongy bones btwn them
Flat bones examples - Answer: ribs, sternum
Sesamoid bones - Answer: small bones embedded in a tendon
- sesame seed shape
Sesamoid bone example - Answer: patella: knee cap
Which bone is a part of the appendicular skeleton? - Answer: scapula
Irregular bone - Answer: -irregular shape
-processes and divots
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2
,Irregular bone examples - Answer: vertebrae, hip bones
Parts of a long bone - Answer: epiphysis , epiphyseal disc, diaphysis, articular cartilage,
endosteum, periosteum
Epiphysis - Answer: -end of a long bone
-mostly spongy
Epiphysis disc - Answer: -growth plate
-cartilage to compact bone
Diaphysis - Answer: -shaft of a long bone
-compact
-surrounded by epiphysis
Articular cartilage - Answer: -covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to
form joints
-hyaline cartilage
Endosteum - Answer: -inside bone
- smooth lining within the cavity
Periosteum - Answer: -surrounds entire bone
-covers all surfaces not covered by articular cartilage
-tough fibrous tissue
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3
, Bone matrix - Answer: -composed of calcium salts
-2/3 is calcium phosphate
-1/3 is calcium hydroxide
-osteocytes within lacunae
Name 3 bone cells - Answer: osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
Osteoblast - Answer: bone-forming cell
Osteoclast - Answer: reabsorb or breakdown bone
Osteocytes - Answer: mature bone cells
Red bone marrow - Answer: -produces blood cells
-rbc formation
- found in spongy bone
Yellow bone marrow - Answer: -fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity
-fat storage
Name 3 blood cells (red bone marrow) - Answer: -rbc: erythrocytes
-wbc: leukocytes
-platelets: thrombocytes
RBC : erythrocytes - Answer: involved in the transport of oxygen and sometimes carbon
dioxide
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4
TESTS, REAL RESULTS!
Skeletal system - Answer: gives our bodies structure and protects major organs like the
heart, lungs, and brain
Porosity - Answer: A measure of the percentage of pores (open spaces) in a material.
Cancellous bone - Answer: -large pores/openings(spongy)
-lattice-like framework
-trabeculae
Compact bone - Answer: -hard
-dense bone tissue that is beneath the outer membrane of a bone
Haversian system of compact bone - Answer: -osteon
-rings are called "lamella"
-where blood vessels and lymphatic run through
Long bone - Answer: -longer than they are wide
-spongy ends
-mostly compact bone
Long bone examples - Answer: humerus (arm)
Ulna (arm)
Radius (arm)
Femur (leg)
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
1
,Tibia (below the knee)
Fibula (below the knee)
Short bones - Answer: -cube shaped bones
-wide, deep as they are tall
-mostly spongy bone
Short bones examples - Answer: - carpals (wrist)
- tarsals (ankle)
Flat bones - Answer: -thin, flat
-curved
-two thin layers of compact bone w/ spongy bones btwn them
Flat bones examples - Answer: ribs, sternum
Sesamoid bones - Answer: small bones embedded in a tendon
- sesame seed shape
Sesamoid bone example - Answer: patella: knee cap
Which bone is a part of the appendicular skeleton? - Answer: scapula
Irregular bone - Answer: -irregular shape
-processes and divots
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
2
,Irregular bone examples - Answer: vertebrae, hip bones
Parts of a long bone - Answer: epiphysis , epiphyseal disc, diaphysis, articular cartilage,
endosteum, periosteum
Epiphysis - Answer: -end of a long bone
-mostly spongy
Epiphysis disc - Answer: -growth plate
-cartilage to compact bone
Diaphysis - Answer: -shaft of a long bone
-compact
-surrounded by epiphysis
Articular cartilage - Answer: -covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to
form joints
-hyaline cartilage
Endosteum - Answer: -inside bone
- smooth lining within the cavity
Periosteum - Answer: -surrounds entire bone
-covers all surfaces not covered by articular cartilage
-tough fibrous tissue
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
3
, Bone matrix - Answer: -composed of calcium salts
-2/3 is calcium phosphate
-1/3 is calcium hydroxide
-osteocytes within lacunae
Name 3 bone cells - Answer: osteoblasts, osteocytes, osteoclasts
Osteoblast - Answer: bone-forming cell
Osteoclast - Answer: reabsorb or breakdown bone
Osteocytes - Answer: mature bone cells
Red bone marrow - Answer: -produces blood cells
-rbc formation
- found in spongy bone
Yellow bone marrow - Answer: -fatty tissue found in the medullary cavity
-fat storage
Name 3 blood cells (red bone marrow) - Answer: -rbc: erythrocytes
-wbc: leukocytes
-platelets: thrombocytes
RBC : erythrocytes - Answer: involved in the transport of oxygen and sometimes carbon
dioxide
APPHIA – Crafted with Care and Precision for Academic Excellence.
4
