PSYC 310 Cognitive Psychology Final Exam Questions with Verified Solutions Graded A+
The word frequency effect refers to the fact that we respond more - Answers slowly to low-
frequency words than high-frequency words.
Which of the following is NOT influenced by meaning? - Answers Word frequency effect
Brain imaging studies reveal that semantics and syntax are associated with which two lobes of
the cerebral cortex - Answers the frontal and temporal lobes
What kind of processing does the word superiority effect suggest, top-down (conceptual) or
bottom-up (perceptual)? - Answers top-down (conceptual
One of Chomsky's most persuasive arguments for refuting Skinner's theory of language
acquisition was his observation that children - Answers produce sentences they have never
heard
When we look at a record of the physical energy produced by conversational speech in a
person's native language, we see that the speech signal - Answers is continuous.
B.F. Skinner, the modern champion of behaviorism, proposed that language is learned through -
Answers reinforcement
Which set of stimuli would be the best selection for having people perform a lexical decision
task? - Answers Words "pizza, history" and non-words "pibble, girk"
In the phonemic restoration effect, participants "fill in" the missing phoneme based on all of the
following EXCEPT - Answers a mental "skimming" of the lexicon to find likely words.
Tanenhaus and coworkers' eye movement study presented participants with different pictures
for interpreting the sentence, "Put the apple on the towel in the box." Their results showed the
importance of_____________ in how we understand sentences in real-life situations. - Answers
environmental context
In analogical problem solving, the________ problem is the problem that an individual is trying to
solve, and the___________problem, which has been solved in the past, is used as a guide for
reaching that solution - Answers target; source
0..5 points
Which of the following is not part of a complete definition of a problem? - Answers Has one
correct answer
The water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does
provide a solution to a problem is that, if well-learned, it may prevent us from - Answers seeing
more efficient solutions to the problem
, A researcher records a brainstorming session in an industrial research and development
department rather than in an artificial laboratory setting. Later, she analyzes the recorded
discussions, identifying certain problem-solving techniques. This research is an example of
_______________research - Answers in vivo problem-solving
In Kaplan and Simon's experiment, they presented different versions of the mutilated
checkerboard problem. Participants in the____________ group had the fastest response time -
Answers bread and butter
Holly was in her mother-in-law's kitchen preparing lunch for the family. When she was ready to
dish up the soup, she searched all the cupboards and drawers for a ladle but couldn't find one.
She decided to wait until her mother-in- law returned to ask her where the ladle was, leaving the
soup in the stove pot. Her mother-in-law later explained that the ladle had been broken, so she
told Holly to use a coffee mug to "spoon" the soup into bowls. Holly's ability to solve the "dish
up the soup" problem was hindered by which of the following obstacles? - Answers Functional
fixedness
The ability to shift experience from one problem solving situation to a similar problem is known
as - Answers analogical transfer.
Gick and Holyoak consider which of the following to be the most difficult step to achieve in the
process of analogical problem solving? - Answers Noticing that there is an analogous
relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a
connection
Gentner and Goldinmeadow (2003) illustrated that analogical encoding causes problem solvers
to pay attention to _____________ features that____________ their ability to solve other problems. -
Answers structural; enhance
Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involving - Answers reorganization
or restructuring
Bonnie has ordered her monthly supply of medicines through the mail for the past five years.
Except for one order, all orders have arrived within two business days. Bonnie placed an order
yesterday, and she expects to receive her order tomorrow. Bonnie is using - Answers inductive
reasoning
Derrick purchased a new car, a Ford Mustang, less than a month ago. While sitting in traffic,
Derrick says to his girlfriend, "Mustangs must be the best-selling car now. I can't remember
seeing as many on the road as I have recently." Derrick's judgment is most likely biased by a(n) -
Answers availability heuristic
Jonas bought a new leather jacket after saving for many months for the luxury purchase. On the
first day he went out wearing the new garment, he found a $50 bill on the sidewalk outside of
his office. He now refers to the jacket as his "lucky jacket" and believes that it has some magical
The word frequency effect refers to the fact that we respond more - Answers slowly to low-
frequency words than high-frequency words.
Which of the following is NOT influenced by meaning? - Answers Word frequency effect
Brain imaging studies reveal that semantics and syntax are associated with which two lobes of
the cerebral cortex - Answers the frontal and temporal lobes
What kind of processing does the word superiority effect suggest, top-down (conceptual) or
bottom-up (perceptual)? - Answers top-down (conceptual
One of Chomsky's most persuasive arguments for refuting Skinner's theory of language
acquisition was his observation that children - Answers produce sentences they have never
heard
When we look at a record of the physical energy produced by conversational speech in a
person's native language, we see that the speech signal - Answers is continuous.
B.F. Skinner, the modern champion of behaviorism, proposed that language is learned through -
Answers reinforcement
Which set of stimuli would be the best selection for having people perform a lexical decision
task? - Answers Words "pizza, history" and non-words "pibble, girk"
In the phonemic restoration effect, participants "fill in" the missing phoneme based on all of the
following EXCEPT - Answers a mental "skimming" of the lexicon to find likely words.
Tanenhaus and coworkers' eye movement study presented participants with different pictures
for interpreting the sentence, "Put the apple on the towel in the box." Their results showed the
importance of_____________ in how we understand sentences in real-life situations. - Answers
environmental context
In analogical problem solving, the________ problem is the problem that an individual is trying to
solve, and the___________problem, which has been solved in the past, is used as a guide for
reaching that solution - Answers target; source
0..5 points
Which of the following is not part of a complete definition of a problem? - Answers Has one
correct answer
The water-jug problem demonstrates that one consequence of having a procedure that does
provide a solution to a problem is that, if well-learned, it may prevent us from - Answers seeing
more efficient solutions to the problem
, A researcher records a brainstorming session in an industrial research and development
department rather than in an artificial laboratory setting. Later, she analyzes the recorded
discussions, identifying certain problem-solving techniques. This research is an example of
_______________research - Answers in vivo problem-solving
In Kaplan and Simon's experiment, they presented different versions of the mutilated
checkerboard problem. Participants in the____________ group had the fastest response time -
Answers bread and butter
Holly was in her mother-in-law's kitchen preparing lunch for the family. When she was ready to
dish up the soup, she searched all the cupboards and drawers for a ladle but couldn't find one.
She decided to wait until her mother-in- law returned to ask her where the ladle was, leaving the
soup in the stove pot. Her mother-in-law later explained that the ladle had been broken, so she
told Holly to use a coffee mug to "spoon" the soup into bowls. Holly's ability to solve the "dish
up the soup" problem was hindered by which of the following obstacles? - Answers Functional
fixedness
The ability to shift experience from one problem solving situation to a similar problem is known
as - Answers analogical transfer.
Gick and Holyoak consider which of the following to be the most difficult step to achieve in the
process of analogical problem solving? - Answers Noticing that there is an analogous
relationship between problems because most participants need prompting before they notice a
connection
Gentner and Goldinmeadow (2003) illustrated that analogical encoding causes problem solvers
to pay attention to _____________ features that____________ their ability to solve other problems. -
Answers structural; enhance
Gestalt psychologists consider problem solving as a process involving - Answers reorganization
or restructuring
Bonnie has ordered her monthly supply of medicines through the mail for the past five years.
Except for one order, all orders have arrived within two business days. Bonnie placed an order
yesterday, and she expects to receive her order tomorrow. Bonnie is using - Answers inductive
reasoning
Derrick purchased a new car, a Ford Mustang, less than a month ago. While sitting in traffic,
Derrick says to his girlfriend, "Mustangs must be the best-selling car now. I can't remember
seeing as many on the road as I have recently." Derrick's judgment is most likely biased by a(n) -
Answers availability heuristic
Jonas bought a new leather jacket after saving for many months for the luxury purchase. On the
first day he went out wearing the new garment, he found a $50 bill on the sidewalk outside of
his office. He now refers to the jacket as his "lucky jacket" and believes that it has some magical
