BIOLOGY 102 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
What is the role of the enzyme known as "reverse transcriptase"? - Answer- It converts
viral RNA into DNA so that viral DNA can be integrated into the host.
Which of the following is not a shared feature of all green plants (including land plants
and green algae): - Answer- Flowers
Which of the following structures are you likely to find on the tip of a moss sporophyte? -
Answer- A spore producing capsule
The bryophytes characterized by a thallus with rhizoids and asexual reproduction by
gemmae2 cups are called: - Answer- liverworts
Prokaryotes growing on teeth and other exposed areas often form tough assemblages
of cells in a protective matrix of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. Such assemblages
are called: - Answer- Biofilms
The common species of bacteria used to make yogurt have thick walls that stain purple
when exposed to a dye called crystal violet. Such bacteria are said to be: - Answer-
Gram-Positive
The science of naming and classifying organisms is called: - Answer- Taxonomy
Cladistics is an approach to classification that groups species on the basis of: - Answer-
Shared, derived features
Features that evolved independently in different lineages (for example, eyes in humans
vs. octopuses; wings in birds vs. insects) are said to be: - Answer- Analogous
The scientific name of apples is Malus Domesticus. To which genus of plant do they
belong? - Answer- Malus
In modern taxonomy, we group and name species primarily based on what we know
about their: - Answer- Phylogeny
Prokaryotes first arose around ____ years ago while eukaryotes first arose around ____
years ago. - Answer- Prokaryotes: 3.5 Billion Eukaryotes: 2.1 Billion
, Which of the following Domains of Life include single cell, prokaryotic organisms? -
Answer- Bacteria and Archaea
Approximately how many genes does a typical prokaryote have? - Answer- 2000
Most prokaryotes move by means of: - Answer- Flagella and Pili
The region within a prokaryotic cell in which the DNA is found is called the: - Answer-
Nucleoid
Most of the genetic material of bacterium is: - Answer- In a single chromosome of DNA
The "bacillus" part of the name Bacillus Subtilis (a common saprophytic soil bacterium)
indicates that these organisms are: - Answer- Rod-Shaped
The cell walls of bacteria are distinct from those of Archaeans and Eukaryotes because
they contain: - Answer- peptidoglycans
Molecular and anatomical evidence indicates that mitochondria are the evolutionary
descendants of: - Answer- Proteobacteria
This type of organism has cell membranes built from either lipids and can be found in
the digestive system of cattle, where is produces methane gas: - Answer- Archaeans
Borrelia Burgdorferi, the organism that causes Lyme Disease is a spring shaped
bacterium in the group called: - Answer- Spirochetes
Bacteria reproduce by a method called: - Answer- Fission
Many prokaryotes contain plasmids, which are: - Answer- Self-replicating circles of DNA
with a few genes.
Thermus Aquaticus, the organism that provides the heat-stable DNA polymerase used
in PCR, is a type of: - Answer- Thermophilic Bacterium
Which of the following statements are true of viruses:
A) They are noncellular infectious agents
B) They have DNA or RNA covered in a protein coat
C) They can only reproduce with the aid of a host cell
D) All of the above - Answer- D
Which of the following is not a typical part of viral reproduction? - Answer- viral cell
division
AND ANSWERS
What is the role of the enzyme known as "reverse transcriptase"? - Answer- It converts
viral RNA into DNA so that viral DNA can be integrated into the host.
Which of the following is not a shared feature of all green plants (including land plants
and green algae): - Answer- Flowers
Which of the following structures are you likely to find on the tip of a moss sporophyte? -
Answer- A spore producing capsule
The bryophytes characterized by a thallus with rhizoids and asexual reproduction by
gemmae2 cups are called: - Answer- liverworts
Prokaryotes growing on teeth and other exposed areas often form tough assemblages
of cells in a protective matrix of polysaccharides, proteins, and DNA. Such assemblages
are called: - Answer- Biofilms
The common species of bacteria used to make yogurt have thick walls that stain purple
when exposed to a dye called crystal violet. Such bacteria are said to be: - Answer-
Gram-Positive
The science of naming and classifying organisms is called: - Answer- Taxonomy
Cladistics is an approach to classification that groups species on the basis of: - Answer-
Shared, derived features
Features that evolved independently in different lineages (for example, eyes in humans
vs. octopuses; wings in birds vs. insects) are said to be: - Answer- Analogous
The scientific name of apples is Malus Domesticus. To which genus of plant do they
belong? - Answer- Malus
In modern taxonomy, we group and name species primarily based on what we know
about their: - Answer- Phylogeny
Prokaryotes first arose around ____ years ago while eukaryotes first arose around ____
years ago. - Answer- Prokaryotes: 3.5 Billion Eukaryotes: 2.1 Billion
, Which of the following Domains of Life include single cell, prokaryotic organisms? -
Answer- Bacteria and Archaea
Approximately how many genes does a typical prokaryote have? - Answer- 2000
Most prokaryotes move by means of: - Answer- Flagella and Pili
The region within a prokaryotic cell in which the DNA is found is called the: - Answer-
Nucleoid
Most of the genetic material of bacterium is: - Answer- In a single chromosome of DNA
The "bacillus" part of the name Bacillus Subtilis (a common saprophytic soil bacterium)
indicates that these organisms are: - Answer- Rod-Shaped
The cell walls of bacteria are distinct from those of Archaeans and Eukaryotes because
they contain: - Answer- peptidoglycans
Molecular and anatomical evidence indicates that mitochondria are the evolutionary
descendants of: - Answer- Proteobacteria
This type of organism has cell membranes built from either lipids and can be found in
the digestive system of cattle, where is produces methane gas: - Answer- Archaeans
Borrelia Burgdorferi, the organism that causes Lyme Disease is a spring shaped
bacterium in the group called: - Answer- Spirochetes
Bacteria reproduce by a method called: - Answer- Fission
Many prokaryotes contain plasmids, which are: - Answer- Self-replicating circles of DNA
with a few genes.
Thermus Aquaticus, the organism that provides the heat-stable DNA polymerase used
in PCR, is a type of: - Answer- Thermophilic Bacterium
Which of the following statements are true of viruses:
A) They are noncellular infectious agents
B) They have DNA or RNA covered in a protein coat
C) They can only reproduce with the aid of a host cell
D) All of the above - Answer- D
Which of the following is not a typical part of viral reproduction? - Answer- viral cell
division
