UND AVIT 309 BLOCK 2 EXAM (ZEIDLIK) QUESTIONS
Spatial Disorientation - Answer --Leading cause of CFIT.
-90% are fatal
Peripheral Vision - Answer -Used for orientation
Two Visual Systems of the Human - Answer -Central and Peripheral
Proprioception - Answer --The unconscious perception of movement and orientation
from stimuli within the body
- The "Body Sense"
-Cues come from pressure
Vestibular System - Answer --Detects linear and angular acceleration
-Can't detect steady motion
Otoliths - Answer -Detect linear acceleration
Semicircular Canals (SCC) - Answer -3 Canals within the ear at 90 degree angles
detect rotation
Movement Below Body Senses - Answer -Less than 2 degrees per second
Human's Rotational Threshold - Answer -3 degrees per second
Constant Speeds - Answer -20 Seconds average till loss of spatial orientation
Oculo - Answer -Eye
Somato - Answer -The Body
Gyric - Answer -Turning Motion
Gravic - Answer -Linear Straight Line Motion
Fovea - Answer --Area in the retina where visual acuity is highest
-High concentration of cones
Day Blind Spot - Answer -Off-Center due to anatomy
Night Blind Spot - Answer -Central due to decreased light
Peripheral Vision - Answer -Outside of Fovea made up of rods
, Autokinesis - Answer -Single lights in low light are difficult to focus on. The eye will
naturally move to try and get a better image; thus, making the light "move"
Diamond Scan - Answer -Used to correct autokinesis by focusing on four points in a
diamond pattern around the light in question
Oculogyric Illusion - Answer -When a spin is stopped w/ minimal visual cues,
objects/lights appear to move after the spin has ceased.
Somatogyric Illusion - Answer -Stopping a steady state TURN gives an impression the
aircraft has now TURNED the opposite direction.
Graveyard Spin - Answer -Stopping a steady SPIN gives an impression the aircraft is
now SPINNING in the opposite direction.
Coriolis Illusion - Answer -Sudden head movements whilst in a turn can be followed by
a loss of spatial awareness and a tumbling sensation.
Somatogravic Illusion - Answer -Forward thrust being misinterpreted as a sudden pitch
increase.
Inversion Illusion - Answer -Leveling off suddenly from a climb gives a sense of flying
inverted due to the sudden negative G's.
G-Excess Effect - Answer --When G-force lines up with the direction the pilot's head is
facing gives an impression of a high pitch scenario.
-turning base and looking toward the runway.
Elevator Illusion - Answer -In an updraft your eyes will roll down giving an impression of
a nose high attitude.
Leans - Answer -Correcting for UNDETECTED motion makes person correct body to
the "right" orientation.
Spatial Disorientation - Answer --Due to previously listed illusions/decreased
visibility/maneuvers.
-Only an issue if pilot can not confirm orientation to the surface
Monitoring Errors - Answer -Account for 84% of airline accident sequences
Perceptual Modalities - Answer -Way we experience stimulus visual, auditory,
tactile/spatial
Strategies for Monitoring - Answer --Stay in the loop
-Get back from distractions
-Plan, confirm, monitor, and correct
Spatial Disorientation - Answer --Leading cause of CFIT.
-90% are fatal
Peripheral Vision - Answer -Used for orientation
Two Visual Systems of the Human - Answer -Central and Peripheral
Proprioception - Answer --The unconscious perception of movement and orientation
from stimuli within the body
- The "Body Sense"
-Cues come from pressure
Vestibular System - Answer --Detects linear and angular acceleration
-Can't detect steady motion
Otoliths - Answer -Detect linear acceleration
Semicircular Canals (SCC) - Answer -3 Canals within the ear at 90 degree angles
detect rotation
Movement Below Body Senses - Answer -Less than 2 degrees per second
Human's Rotational Threshold - Answer -3 degrees per second
Constant Speeds - Answer -20 Seconds average till loss of spatial orientation
Oculo - Answer -Eye
Somato - Answer -The Body
Gyric - Answer -Turning Motion
Gravic - Answer -Linear Straight Line Motion
Fovea - Answer --Area in the retina where visual acuity is highest
-High concentration of cones
Day Blind Spot - Answer -Off-Center due to anatomy
Night Blind Spot - Answer -Central due to decreased light
Peripheral Vision - Answer -Outside of Fovea made up of rods
, Autokinesis - Answer -Single lights in low light are difficult to focus on. The eye will
naturally move to try and get a better image; thus, making the light "move"
Diamond Scan - Answer -Used to correct autokinesis by focusing on four points in a
diamond pattern around the light in question
Oculogyric Illusion - Answer -When a spin is stopped w/ minimal visual cues,
objects/lights appear to move after the spin has ceased.
Somatogyric Illusion - Answer -Stopping a steady state TURN gives an impression the
aircraft has now TURNED the opposite direction.
Graveyard Spin - Answer -Stopping a steady SPIN gives an impression the aircraft is
now SPINNING in the opposite direction.
Coriolis Illusion - Answer -Sudden head movements whilst in a turn can be followed by
a loss of spatial awareness and a tumbling sensation.
Somatogravic Illusion - Answer -Forward thrust being misinterpreted as a sudden pitch
increase.
Inversion Illusion - Answer -Leveling off suddenly from a climb gives a sense of flying
inverted due to the sudden negative G's.
G-Excess Effect - Answer --When G-force lines up with the direction the pilot's head is
facing gives an impression of a high pitch scenario.
-turning base and looking toward the runway.
Elevator Illusion - Answer -In an updraft your eyes will roll down giving an impression of
a nose high attitude.
Leans - Answer -Correcting for UNDETECTED motion makes person correct body to
the "right" orientation.
Spatial Disorientation - Answer --Due to previously listed illusions/decreased
visibility/maneuvers.
-Only an issue if pilot can not confirm orientation to the surface
Monitoring Errors - Answer -Account for 84% of airline accident sequences
Perceptual Modalities - Answer -Way we experience stimulus visual, auditory,
tactile/spatial
Strategies for Monitoring - Answer --Stay in the loop
-Get back from distractions
-Plan, confirm, monitor, and correct
