NDFS 100 EXAM 4 BYU QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Atherosclerosis & cause - Answer -Common form of hardening of the arteries, usually
root of most cardiovascular disease
Cause: formation of plaque in artery walls from diet high in saturated fats, inflammation,
high LDL and low HDL
Biggest impact on lowering LDL cholesterol? - Answer -Reducing Saturated fat intake
What type of diet should you eat to lower cardiovascular disease? - Answer -Fruits,
Veggies, whole grains (high in fiber), omega 3 (fatty fish/canola oil
What does physical activity do to cholesterol? - Answer -Increases HDL cholesterol,
lowers LDL level, can lead to weight loss
How is cardiovascular risk affected by chylomicrons? - Answer -Neutral
How is cardiovascular disease risk affected by VLDL? - Answer -Increases the risk
How is cardiovascular disease risk affected by LDL? - Answer -Increases risk - can
lead to atherosclerosis
How is cardiovascular disease risk affected by HDL? - Answer -Lowers risk
Lifestyle increases cardiovascular disease risk - Answer -diabetes, obesity (central),
inactivity, smoking, high BP, old, male, genetic
Total Blood cholesterol: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is
>=240
Borderline is 200-239
Healthy is <200
Mg/dl
LDL cholesterol: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is 160-
189
Borderline is 130-159
Healthy is <100
Mg/dl
HDL cholesterol: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is <40
Borderline is 40-59
Healthy is >=60
Mg/dl
, Triglycerides: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is 200-499
Borderline is 150-199
Healthy is <150
X/y Blood Pressure - Answer -Systolic/diastolic
Hypertension - Answer -Abnormally high blood pressure
Healthy blood pressure levels - Answer -<120/<80 mmhg
Unhealthy blood pressure levels - Answer -120-129/<80 mmhg
Stage one hypertension levels - Answer -130-139/80-89 mmhg
Stage two hypertension levels - Answer -140+/90+ mmhg
Biggest thing you can do to reduce your blood pressure? - Answer -Lose weight
Reduce BP: Diet - Answer -DASH eating plan -
- rich in fruits, veggies, and low-fat milk products with reduced saturated fat intake,
nuts/seeds/legumes
Reduce sodium intake (less than 2300/1500)
Reduce BP: Lifestyle - Answer -Exercise! 40 minutes per day most days
Moderate alcohol consumption
Weight restriction
Hypertension risk factors - Answer -atherosclerosis, age, genetics, obesity, diet
Process of cancer development - Answer -Normal cells >Initiation (A carcinogen enters
a normal cell and alters the cell's DNA inducing abnormal cell division) >promotion
(Promoters enhance the development of abnormal cells, resulting in formation of a
tumor) >further tumor development>
The cancerous tumor releases cells into the blood stream or lymphatic system
(metastasis)
Reducing Cancer: Increase in Diet - Answer -fruits, veggies, whole grains, healthy fats
(omega 3, fish, canola);
Plant based diets - phytochemicals/antioxidants protect against cancer
Reducing Cancer: Decrease in Diet - Answer -Calorie intake, alcohol consumption,
consumption red meat; carcinogens (charred meats)
Complementary Medicine - Answer -A non-mainstream practice (or product) is used
together with conventional medicine
Atherosclerosis & cause - Answer -Common form of hardening of the arteries, usually
root of most cardiovascular disease
Cause: formation of plaque in artery walls from diet high in saturated fats, inflammation,
high LDL and low HDL
Biggest impact on lowering LDL cholesterol? - Answer -Reducing Saturated fat intake
What type of diet should you eat to lower cardiovascular disease? - Answer -Fruits,
Veggies, whole grains (high in fiber), omega 3 (fatty fish/canola oil
What does physical activity do to cholesterol? - Answer -Increases HDL cholesterol,
lowers LDL level, can lead to weight loss
How is cardiovascular risk affected by chylomicrons? - Answer -Neutral
How is cardiovascular disease risk affected by VLDL? - Answer -Increases the risk
How is cardiovascular disease risk affected by LDL? - Answer -Increases risk - can
lead to atherosclerosis
How is cardiovascular disease risk affected by HDL? - Answer -Lowers risk
Lifestyle increases cardiovascular disease risk - Answer -diabetes, obesity (central),
inactivity, smoking, high BP, old, male, genetic
Total Blood cholesterol: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is
>=240
Borderline is 200-239
Healthy is <200
Mg/dl
LDL cholesterol: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is 160-
189
Borderline is 130-159
Healthy is <100
Mg/dl
HDL cholesterol: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is <40
Borderline is 40-59
Healthy is >=60
Mg/dl
, Triglycerides: unhealthy, borderline and healthy levels - Answer -Unhealthy is 200-499
Borderline is 150-199
Healthy is <150
X/y Blood Pressure - Answer -Systolic/diastolic
Hypertension - Answer -Abnormally high blood pressure
Healthy blood pressure levels - Answer -<120/<80 mmhg
Unhealthy blood pressure levels - Answer -120-129/<80 mmhg
Stage one hypertension levels - Answer -130-139/80-89 mmhg
Stage two hypertension levels - Answer -140+/90+ mmhg
Biggest thing you can do to reduce your blood pressure? - Answer -Lose weight
Reduce BP: Diet - Answer -DASH eating plan -
- rich in fruits, veggies, and low-fat milk products with reduced saturated fat intake,
nuts/seeds/legumes
Reduce sodium intake (less than 2300/1500)
Reduce BP: Lifestyle - Answer -Exercise! 40 minutes per day most days
Moderate alcohol consumption
Weight restriction
Hypertension risk factors - Answer -atherosclerosis, age, genetics, obesity, diet
Process of cancer development - Answer -Normal cells >Initiation (A carcinogen enters
a normal cell and alters the cell's DNA inducing abnormal cell division) >promotion
(Promoters enhance the development of abnormal cells, resulting in formation of a
tumor) >further tumor development>
The cancerous tumor releases cells into the blood stream or lymphatic system
(metastasis)
Reducing Cancer: Increase in Diet - Answer -fruits, veggies, whole grains, healthy fats
(omega 3, fish, canola);
Plant based diets - phytochemicals/antioxidants protect against cancer
Reducing Cancer: Decrease in Diet - Answer -Calorie intake, alcohol consumption,
consumption red meat; carcinogens (charred meats)
Complementary Medicine - Answer -A non-mainstream practice (or product) is used
together with conventional medicine
