NDFS 100 - EXAM 3 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
Identify the four major roles of water in the body. - Answer -1. Transport
2. Universal solvent (carries lipids with chylomicrons)
3. Lubricate, cushion (important for spinal cord, organs, etc)
4. Temperature (regulated through sweat)
Describe sixteen factors influencing the amount of water needed by the body. - Answer
-1. Alcohol consumption
2. Cold weather (expend more energy to keep warm)
3. Increased dietary fiber (prevent constipation)
4. Diseases that disturb water balance (ie: diabetes, kidney disease, etc.)
5. Forced-air environments (ie: airplanes, sealed buildings, etc.)
6. Heated environments
7. High altitude (more energy expended)
8. Hot weather, high humidity
9. Increased protein, salt, or sugar intake
10. Ketosis
11. Medications
12. Physical activity
13. Pregnancy and breastfeeding
14. Prolonged diarrhea, vomiting, or fever (losing fluids)
15. Surgery, blood loss, or burns
16. Very young or old age (brain doesn't process they're thirsty)
Identify the five major functions of calcium. - Answer -1. Mineralization of bones and
teeth
- Combines with phosphorus and collagen (vitamin C)
- Bones are "banks" for blood calcium needs
2. Nerve transmission and functioning (chemicals get released)
3. Blood pressure
4. Blood clotting
5. Muscle contraction and relaxation
Which is not a major role of calcium of the body?
a. Blood clotting
b. Muscle contraction
, c. Blood glucose regulation
d. Nerve transmission - Answer -c. Blood glucose regulation
Identify the seven major functions of magnesium. - Answer -1. Assists more than 300
enzymes
2. Involved in muscle contraction
3. Bone mineralization
4. Protein synthesis
5. Nerve function
6. Tooth maintenance
7. Immune function
Identify the four. major functions of sodium. - Answer -1. Works hand in hand with
potassium.
2. Fluid and electrolyte balance
3. Muscle contractions
4. Nerve transmission
Identify the two major functions of potassium. - Answer -1. Fluid and electrolyte balance
2. Maintaining heart beat
Identify the major functions of iodine. - Answer -Synthesis of thyroid hormones regulate
basal metabolism
Identify the major functions of iron. - Answer -1. Hemoglobin and myoglobin (carries
oxygen)
2. Cellular energy metabolism
Which is not a function of iron in the body?
a. Carrier of oxygen in hemoglobin
b. Carrier of oxygen in myoglobin
c. Necessary for use of energy
d. Necessary for absorbing calcium - Answer -d. Necessary for absorbing calcium (No,
Vitamin D does)
a. Carrier of oxygen in hemoglobin (carries oxygen to our red blood cells)
b. Carrier of oxygen in myoglobin (found in muscle; carries oxygen)
c. Necessary for use of energy (in the cell)
Which does NOT affect the amount of water a person needs?
a. Age
b. Type of Water
c. Activity Level
d. Temperature of Environment - Answer -b. Type of Water
Identify the four major roles of water in the body. - Answer -1. Transport
2. Universal solvent (carries lipids with chylomicrons)
3. Lubricate, cushion (important for spinal cord, organs, etc)
4. Temperature (regulated through sweat)
Describe sixteen factors influencing the amount of water needed by the body. - Answer
-1. Alcohol consumption
2. Cold weather (expend more energy to keep warm)
3. Increased dietary fiber (prevent constipation)
4. Diseases that disturb water balance (ie: diabetes, kidney disease, etc.)
5. Forced-air environments (ie: airplanes, sealed buildings, etc.)
6. Heated environments
7. High altitude (more energy expended)
8. Hot weather, high humidity
9. Increased protein, salt, or sugar intake
10. Ketosis
11. Medications
12. Physical activity
13. Pregnancy and breastfeeding
14. Prolonged diarrhea, vomiting, or fever (losing fluids)
15. Surgery, blood loss, or burns
16. Very young or old age (brain doesn't process they're thirsty)
Identify the five major functions of calcium. - Answer -1. Mineralization of bones and
teeth
- Combines with phosphorus and collagen (vitamin C)
- Bones are "banks" for blood calcium needs
2. Nerve transmission and functioning (chemicals get released)
3. Blood pressure
4. Blood clotting
5. Muscle contraction and relaxation
Which is not a major role of calcium of the body?
a. Blood clotting
b. Muscle contraction
, c. Blood glucose regulation
d. Nerve transmission - Answer -c. Blood glucose regulation
Identify the seven major functions of magnesium. - Answer -1. Assists more than 300
enzymes
2. Involved in muscle contraction
3. Bone mineralization
4. Protein synthesis
5. Nerve function
6. Tooth maintenance
7. Immune function
Identify the four. major functions of sodium. - Answer -1. Works hand in hand with
potassium.
2. Fluid and electrolyte balance
3. Muscle contractions
4. Nerve transmission
Identify the two major functions of potassium. - Answer -1. Fluid and electrolyte balance
2. Maintaining heart beat
Identify the major functions of iodine. - Answer -Synthesis of thyroid hormones regulate
basal metabolism
Identify the major functions of iron. - Answer -1. Hemoglobin and myoglobin (carries
oxygen)
2. Cellular energy metabolism
Which is not a function of iron in the body?
a. Carrier of oxygen in hemoglobin
b. Carrier of oxygen in myoglobin
c. Necessary for use of energy
d. Necessary for absorbing calcium - Answer -d. Necessary for absorbing calcium (No,
Vitamin D does)
a. Carrier of oxygen in hemoglobin (carries oxygen to our red blood cells)
b. Carrier of oxygen in myoglobin (found in muscle; carries oxygen)
c. Necessary for use of energy (in the cell)
Which does NOT affect the amount of water a person needs?
a. Age
b. Type of Water
c. Activity Level
d. Temperature of Environment - Answer -b. Type of Water
