OPERRATING SYSTEM CONCEPTS
CH.1 WITH FULLY EXPLAINED STUDY
GUIDE
Operating System - ANSWER✔✔✨---Program that manages computer hardware
Hardware - ANSWER✔✔✨---CPU, Memory, I/O devices which provide basic computing resources for
the system
Central Processing Unit (CPU) - ANSWER✔✔✨---Main Processor
Memory - ANSWER✔✔✨---Dynamic data storage unit
Input/Output devices - ANSWER✔✔✨---devices that are used to input to a computer (keyboard,
mouse) or output (monitor)
Application Programs - ANSWER✔✔✨---Word processors, spreadsheets, compilers, and web
browsers
Ease of Use - ANSWER✔✔✨---how convenient it is for a user to use a PC
Resource Utilization - ANSWER✔✔✨---how various hardware and software resources are shared
Mainframe - ANSWER✔✔✨---large and powerful data processing system
Minicomputer - ANSWER✔✔✨---Middle range of computing systems, between mainframes and PCs
, Workstation - ANSWER✔✔✨---a work PC
resource allocator - ANSWER✔✔✨---job of the operating system, allocates and manages hardware
resources
Control Program - ANSWER✔✔✨---manages the execution of user programs to prevent errors and
improper use of the computer
bit - ANSWER✔✔✨---basic unit of computer storage (0 or 1)
byte - ANSWER✔✔✨---8 bits, smallest convenient chunk of storage
Word - ANSWER✔✔✨---a given computer architectures native storage unit (made up of one or
more bytes)
Kernel - ANSWER✔✔✨---the one program running at all times on the computer
Systems program - ANSWER✔✔✨---associated with the OS but not part of the kernel
Bootstrap program - ANSWER✔✔✨---automatic procedure whereby basic OS is reloaded following a
complete shutdown or loss of memory
Read-only memory (ROM) - ANSWER✔✔✨---read only memory
EEPROM - ANSWER✔✔✨---electrically erasable programable read only memory
firmware - ANSWER✔✔✨---same thing as EEPROM
CH.1 WITH FULLY EXPLAINED STUDY
GUIDE
Operating System - ANSWER✔✔✨---Program that manages computer hardware
Hardware - ANSWER✔✔✨---CPU, Memory, I/O devices which provide basic computing resources for
the system
Central Processing Unit (CPU) - ANSWER✔✔✨---Main Processor
Memory - ANSWER✔✔✨---Dynamic data storage unit
Input/Output devices - ANSWER✔✔✨---devices that are used to input to a computer (keyboard,
mouse) or output (monitor)
Application Programs - ANSWER✔✔✨---Word processors, spreadsheets, compilers, and web
browsers
Ease of Use - ANSWER✔✔✨---how convenient it is for a user to use a PC
Resource Utilization - ANSWER✔✔✨---how various hardware and software resources are shared
Mainframe - ANSWER✔✔✨---large and powerful data processing system
Minicomputer - ANSWER✔✔✨---Middle range of computing systems, between mainframes and PCs
, Workstation - ANSWER✔✔✨---a work PC
resource allocator - ANSWER✔✔✨---job of the operating system, allocates and manages hardware
resources
Control Program - ANSWER✔✔✨---manages the execution of user programs to prevent errors and
improper use of the computer
bit - ANSWER✔✔✨---basic unit of computer storage (0 or 1)
byte - ANSWER✔✔✨---8 bits, smallest convenient chunk of storage
Word - ANSWER✔✔✨---a given computer architectures native storage unit (made up of one or
more bytes)
Kernel - ANSWER✔✔✨---the one program running at all times on the computer
Systems program - ANSWER✔✔✨---associated with the OS but not part of the kernel
Bootstrap program - ANSWER✔✔✨---automatic procedure whereby basic OS is reloaded following a
complete shutdown or loss of memory
Read-only memory (ROM) - ANSWER✔✔✨---read only memory
EEPROM - ANSWER✔✔✨---electrically erasable programable read only memory
firmware - ANSWER✔✔✨---same thing as EEPROM
