ISSA TRAINER EXAM LATEST
UPDATE 2025/2026 GRADED A+
Muscular, cardiopulmonary, and metabolic adaptations to exercise are known as the
training effect. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant internal body environment
through various processes is called: - correct answerHomeostasis
BMR stands for - correct answerbasal metabolic rate
Anabolism and catabolism occur at the same time throughout the body. (T/F) - correct
answerTrue
A calorie is a unit of heat. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
The preferred unit in metabolic studies and nutrition labels is the kilocalorie (kcal). (T/F)
- correct answerTrue
The primary (not the 'initial') fuel during endurance exercise is: - correct answerFatty
acids
The molecule used for storing and transferring energy in the body is called: - correct
answerAdenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The ATP/CP pathway is the primary pathway used for activities lasting two minutes or
greater. (T/F) - correct answerFalse
About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements: oxygen, carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorous. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
The respiratory system is responsible for: - correct answer- Supplying oxygen to the
body
- Eliminating carbon dioxide in the body
- Helps regulate the body's pH balance
The circulatory system consists of: - correct answerHeart, arteries, and veins
The nervous system is made up of the: - correct answerperipheral nervous system and
central nervous system
, Excretion is one function of the digestive system. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
Hormones are classified as: - correct answerSteroids, Amino-Acid derivatives, Peptides
Hemoglobin is an oxygen-transporting protein in red blood cells. (T/F) - correct
answerTrue
The main purpose(s) of hormones is/are to: - correct answer- Alter the rate of synthesis
of your cellular protein
- Change the rate of enzyme activity
- Change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell wall
Tendons connect bone to bone. (T/F) - correct answerFalse
The average human adult skeleton has: - correct answer206 bones
Tendons: - correct answerAre extensions of muscle fibers and connect muscle to bone
The anatomical terms for front and back are: - correct answeranterior and posterior
Type I muscle fibers are predominantly aerobic. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
Cardiovascular/aerobic exercise results in: - correct answerMitochondrial adaptations
Type II muscle fibers are entirely aerobic. (T/F) - correct answerFalse
Muscular hypertrophy is a(n): - correct answerincrease in muscle fiber size
In a concentric contraction, the muscle lengthens to produce movements. (T/F) - correct
answerFalse
Kinesiology is: - correct answerThe science or study of human movement, and the
active and passive structures involved
An isometric contraction is when: - correct answerA muscle does not lengthen or
shorten as it contracts
True synergy occurs when a muscle contracts to stop the secondary action of another
muscle. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
An example of an antagonist muscle is: - correct answerTriceps during a biceps curl
Adduction is a movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. (T/F) -
correct answerFalse
An example of flexion is the: - correct answerConcentric action of a bicep curl
UPDATE 2025/2026 GRADED A+
Muscular, cardiopulmonary, and metabolic adaptations to exercise are known as the
training effect. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
The body's automatic tendency to maintain a constant internal body environment
through various processes is called: - correct answerHomeostasis
BMR stands for - correct answerbasal metabolic rate
Anabolism and catabolism occur at the same time throughout the body. (T/F) - correct
answerTrue
A calorie is a unit of heat. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
The preferred unit in metabolic studies and nutrition labels is the kilocalorie (kcal). (T/F)
- correct answerTrue
The primary (not the 'initial') fuel during endurance exercise is: - correct answerFatty
acids
The molecule used for storing and transferring energy in the body is called: - correct
answerAdenosine triphosphate (ATP)
The ATP/CP pathway is the primary pathway used for activities lasting two minutes or
greater. (T/F) - correct answerFalse
About 98% of the human body is composed of only six elements: oxygen, carbon,
hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorous. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
The respiratory system is responsible for: - correct answer- Supplying oxygen to the
body
- Eliminating carbon dioxide in the body
- Helps regulate the body's pH balance
The circulatory system consists of: - correct answerHeart, arteries, and veins
The nervous system is made up of the: - correct answerperipheral nervous system and
central nervous system
, Excretion is one function of the digestive system. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
Hormones are classified as: - correct answerSteroids, Amino-Acid derivatives, Peptides
Hemoglobin is an oxygen-transporting protein in red blood cells. (T/F) - correct
answerTrue
The main purpose(s) of hormones is/are to: - correct answer- Alter the rate of synthesis
of your cellular protein
- Change the rate of enzyme activity
- Change the rate of transport of nutrients through the cell wall
Tendons connect bone to bone. (T/F) - correct answerFalse
The average human adult skeleton has: - correct answer206 bones
Tendons: - correct answerAre extensions of muscle fibers and connect muscle to bone
The anatomical terms for front and back are: - correct answeranterior and posterior
Type I muscle fibers are predominantly aerobic. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
Cardiovascular/aerobic exercise results in: - correct answerMitochondrial adaptations
Type II muscle fibers are entirely aerobic. (T/F) - correct answerFalse
Muscular hypertrophy is a(n): - correct answerincrease in muscle fiber size
In a concentric contraction, the muscle lengthens to produce movements. (T/F) - correct
answerFalse
Kinesiology is: - correct answerThe science or study of human movement, and the
active and passive structures involved
An isometric contraction is when: - correct answerA muscle does not lengthen or
shorten as it contracts
True synergy occurs when a muscle contracts to stop the secondary action of another
muscle. (T/F) - correct answerTrue
An example of an antagonist muscle is: - correct answerTriceps during a biceps curl
Adduction is a movement of a body part away from the midline of the body. (T/F) -
correct answerFalse
An example of flexion is the: - correct answerConcentric action of a bicep curl
