Some examples from this set of practice questions
1.
What is an enzyme?
Answer: A biological catalyst which increases the rate of a reaction without being used up in the reaction
2.
What is the lock and key model of enzyme action?
Answer: The substrate moves into the active site of the enzyme and reacts to form products
3.
What is the induced fit model of enzyme action?
Answer: The substrate moves into the active site of the enzyme and forms intermolecular forces which cause a change in the shape of the active site so the substrate binds more tightly forming an enzyme-substrate complex
4.
What type of molecule is an enzyme?
Answer: A protein
5.
What are the factors affecting the rate of enzyme-controlled reactions?
Answer: Enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature, pH, inhibitors
6.
What is a competitive inhibitor?
Answer: A molecule with a similar shape to the substrate which goes into the active site of an enzyme and blocks the substrate from binding
7.
What is a non-competitive inhibitor?
Answer: A molecule that binds to a different site on the enzyme, the allosteric site, and causes the enzyme to change shape so the active site is not complementary to the substrate
8.
What happens to enzymes if the temperature gets too high?
Answer: They denature as the temperature changes the bonds present so the tertiary structure is different and it is no longer complementary to the substrate
9.
What are cofactors?
Answer: Non-proteins that aid enzyme activity
10.
What are the 3 types of cofactor?
Answer: Coenzymes, activators, and prosthetic group
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