CVT 105: FINAL EXAM (1-3) QUESTIONS
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
When it comes to the ANS, the [____] division prepares our body to function under stress (flight
or flight_ and the [____] division conserves and restores body resources (rest and digest). -
ANS Sympathetic, Parasympathetic
Sinus arrhythmia is a dysrhythmia originating in the AV Node and occurs when the AV Node
discharges irregularly. [T or F] - ANS False
Beta 2 receptors affect the heart and Beat 2 Receptors affect the lungs. [T or F] - ANS True
What are some signs and symptoms of decreased CO.
-Acute Drop in BP
-Acute Changes in Mental Status
-Dysrhythmias
-Dyspnea
-Chest Tightness
-Fatigue
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,-Fever - ANS -Acute Drop in BP
-Acute Changes in Mental Status
-Dysrhythmias
-Dyspnea
-Fatigue
A patient has a SV of 80 ml/beat and a HR of 70 bpm. What is his CO and is considered normal,
increased or decreased?
-Increased CO
-Decreased CO
-Normal CO
-5.6 ml/min
-5.6 L/beat - ANS -Normal CO
-5.6 L/min
Properties of Cardiac Cells:
-Ability of cardiac cell to shorten, causing contraction of the cardiac muscle in response to
electrical stimuli
-Ability of cardiac pacemaker cells to spontaneously initiate an electrical impulse
-Ability of cardiac cells to respond to a stimulus
-Ability of a cardiac cell to receive an electrical stimulus & conduct that impulse to an adjacent
cell - ANS -Contractility
-Automaticity
-Excitability
-Conductivity
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Explain the Chronotropic, Inotropic, and dromotropic effects as they pertain to the heart. -
ANS -Chronotropic: effects the heart rate, positive increases, negative decreases
-Inotropic: Effects the contractility, positive increases, negative decreases
-Dromotropic: Effects the conduction velocity, positive increases, negative decreases
What is depolarization? - ANS The cause of contraction by a shift in electrical charges in
pacemaker cells
List in order the 5 steps used in ECG rhythm analysis - ANS 1. Assess the rhythm, irregular or
regular
2. Assess the rate
3. Identify & examine waveforms
4. Assess PR Interval, QRS Duration, interpret ST Segment
5. Interpret waveform and assess clinical significance
EKG deflections that record below the isoelectric line are positive deflections. They demonstrate
that most electrical depolarization is occurring in the direction of that particular EKG Lead.
Deflections recorded above the isoelectric line are negative deflections. [T or F] - ANS False
What is the isoelectric line of an EKG defined as? - ANS It is defined as the baseline of the
EKG
What is the order of electrical impulses as it travels around the heart?
1.
2.
3.
4.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
LATEST VERSION 2025/2026.
When it comes to the ANS, the [____] division prepares our body to function under stress (flight
or flight_ and the [____] division conserves and restores body resources (rest and digest). -
ANS Sympathetic, Parasympathetic
Sinus arrhythmia is a dysrhythmia originating in the AV Node and occurs when the AV Node
discharges irregularly. [T or F] - ANS False
Beta 2 receptors affect the heart and Beat 2 Receptors affect the lungs. [T or F] - ANS True
What are some signs and symptoms of decreased CO.
-Acute Drop in BP
-Acute Changes in Mental Status
-Dysrhythmias
-Dyspnea
-Chest Tightness
-Fatigue
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
,-Fever - ANS -Acute Drop in BP
-Acute Changes in Mental Status
-Dysrhythmias
-Dyspnea
-Fatigue
A patient has a SV of 80 ml/beat and a HR of 70 bpm. What is his CO and is considered normal,
increased or decreased?
-Increased CO
-Decreased CO
-Normal CO
-5.6 ml/min
-5.6 L/beat - ANS -Normal CO
-5.6 L/min
Properties of Cardiac Cells:
-Ability of cardiac cell to shorten, causing contraction of the cardiac muscle in response to
electrical stimuli
-Ability of cardiac pacemaker cells to spontaneously initiate an electrical impulse
-Ability of cardiac cells to respond to a stimulus
-Ability of a cardiac cell to receive an electrical stimulus & conduct that impulse to an adjacent
cell - ANS -Contractility
-Automaticity
-Excitability
-Conductivity
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, Explain the Chronotropic, Inotropic, and dromotropic effects as they pertain to the heart. -
ANS -Chronotropic: effects the heart rate, positive increases, negative decreases
-Inotropic: Effects the contractility, positive increases, negative decreases
-Dromotropic: Effects the conduction velocity, positive increases, negative decreases
What is depolarization? - ANS The cause of contraction by a shift in electrical charges in
pacemaker cells
List in order the 5 steps used in ECG rhythm analysis - ANS 1. Assess the rhythm, irregular or
regular
2. Assess the rate
3. Identify & examine waveforms
4. Assess PR Interval, QRS Duration, interpret ST Segment
5. Interpret waveform and assess clinical significance
EKG deflections that record below the isoelectric line are positive deflections. They demonstrate
that most electrical depolarization is occurring in the direction of that particular EKG Lead.
Deflections recorded above the isoelectric line are negative deflections. [T or F] - ANS False
What is the isoelectric line of an EKG defined as? - ANS It is defined as the baseline of the
EKG
What is the order of electrical impulses as it travels around the heart?
1.
2.
3.
4.
3 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
