CELL BIOLOGY SUMMARY CONTENT
Page 1 – Introduction & Cell Theory
● Cell Theory:
1. All living organisms are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
● History Highlights: Hooke (1665), Leeuwenhoek (1674), Schleiden & Schwann (1839),
Virchow (1855)
Page 2 – Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
Feature Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell
Nucleus Absent Present
Organelle Few, non-membrane Many,
s bound membrane-bound
DNA Circular Linear, in nucleus
Size Small (1-10 µm) Larger (10-100 µm)
Examples Bacteria, Archaea Animals, Plants, Fungi
Page 3 – Cell Organelles & Functions
Organelle Structure Function
Nucleus Double membrane, nucleolus Control center, stores DNA
Mitochondria Double membrane, matrix, ATP production, respiration
cristae
Ribosomes Protein + rRNA Protein synthesis
Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough & Smooth Protein & lipid synthesis
(ER)
Page 1 – Introduction & Cell Theory
● Cell Theory:
1. All living organisms are made of cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function.
3. All cells come from pre-existing cells.
● History Highlights: Hooke (1665), Leeuwenhoek (1674), Schleiden & Schwann (1839),
Virchow (1855)
Page 2 – Prokaryotic vs Eukaryotic Cells
Feature Prokaryotic Cell Eukaryotic Cell
Nucleus Absent Present
Organelle Few, non-membrane Many,
s bound membrane-bound
DNA Circular Linear, in nucleus
Size Small (1-10 µm) Larger (10-100 µm)
Examples Bacteria, Archaea Animals, Plants, Fungi
Page 3 – Cell Organelles & Functions
Organelle Structure Function
Nucleus Double membrane, nucleolus Control center, stores DNA
Mitochondria Double membrane, matrix, ATP production, respiration
cristae
Ribosomes Protein + rRNA Protein synthesis
Endoplasmic Reticulum Rough & Smooth Protein & lipid synthesis
(ER)
