VT NEUR 2025 (Shah) Exam 1
questions well answered
Neuroscience - correct answer ✔✔ the scientific study of the nervous system, how it develops,
its structure, and what is does
trepanation - correct answer ✔✔ surgical practice that was utilized ~7000 years ago consisting
of drilling holes in the brain in order to cure headaches and mental disorders by releasing
pressure or allowing evil spirits to escape
Ancient Egyptian neuroscience - correct answer ✔✔ ~5000 years ago
•Ancient writings by physicians indicate they were aware of the impact of brain damage
•Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus has the first mention of 'brain' in hieroglyph
•During mummification, brains were removed by inserting hooked instruments up through
nostrils but hearts were left in place
•Why? Egyptians believed that the heart was the center of the being and seat of intelligence
Hippocrates - correct answer ✔✔ 460-379 B.C.E
Father of western medicine
believed that the brain was involved in sensation and perception/was the seat of intelligence
Aristotle - correct answer ✔✔ 384-322 B.C.E'
believed that the brain was a 'radiator' for cooling blood that was overheated by the heart
heart was the center of intellect
Galen - correct answer ✔✔ 130-200 C.E.
, Performed surgeries on injured gladiators
•Performed careful dissections on animals
•Deduced function of cerebrum and cerebellum
cerebrum- receives sensation
•cerebellum-regulates muscle
presumed that to form memories, sensations have to be imprinted onto the brain.
Discovered Ventricles
ventricular theory of the brain - correct answer ✔✔ nerves are hollow tubes, like blood vessels,
and carry fluid to and from the brain
Andreas Vesalius - correct answer ✔✔ 1514-1564
detailed drawings added structure to the brain
Rene Descartes - correct answer ✔✔ 1596-1650
Developed the fluid mechanical theory
believed the theory applied to animals, but did not explain the range of human behavior
Mind-body problem
fluid mechanical theory - correct answer ✔✔ fluid forced out though the nerves cases
movement of limbs
mind-body problem - correct answer ✔✔ some think these are distinct, but modern
neuroscience research suggests that the mind has a physical basis in the brain
Neuroscience in the 1700's - correct answer ✔✔ focus shifted from ventricles to brain structure
discovery of white/gray matter
questions well answered
Neuroscience - correct answer ✔✔ the scientific study of the nervous system, how it develops,
its structure, and what is does
trepanation - correct answer ✔✔ surgical practice that was utilized ~7000 years ago consisting
of drilling holes in the brain in order to cure headaches and mental disorders by releasing
pressure or allowing evil spirits to escape
Ancient Egyptian neuroscience - correct answer ✔✔ ~5000 years ago
•Ancient writings by physicians indicate they were aware of the impact of brain damage
•Edwin Smith Surgical Papyrus has the first mention of 'brain' in hieroglyph
•During mummification, brains were removed by inserting hooked instruments up through
nostrils but hearts were left in place
•Why? Egyptians believed that the heart was the center of the being and seat of intelligence
Hippocrates - correct answer ✔✔ 460-379 B.C.E
Father of western medicine
believed that the brain was involved in sensation and perception/was the seat of intelligence
Aristotle - correct answer ✔✔ 384-322 B.C.E'
believed that the brain was a 'radiator' for cooling blood that was overheated by the heart
heart was the center of intellect
Galen - correct answer ✔✔ 130-200 C.E.
, Performed surgeries on injured gladiators
•Performed careful dissections on animals
•Deduced function of cerebrum and cerebellum
cerebrum- receives sensation
•cerebellum-regulates muscle
presumed that to form memories, sensations have to be imprinted onto the brain.
Discovered Ventricles
ventricular theory of the brain - correct answer ✔✔ nerves are hollow tubes, like blood vessels,
and carry fluid to and from the brain
Andreas Vesalius - correct answer ✔✔ 1514-1564
detailed drawings added structure to the brain
Rene Descartes - correct answer ✔✔ 1596-1650
Developed the fluid mechanical theory
believed the theory applied to animals, but did not explain the range of human behavior
Mind-body problem
fluid mechanical theory - correct answer ✔✔ fluid forced out though the nerves cases
movement of limbs
mind-body problem - correct answer ✔✔ some think these are distinct, but modern
neuroscience research suggests that the mind has a physical basis in the brain
Neuroscience in the 1700's - correct answer ✔✔ focus shifted from ventricles to brain structure
discovery of white/gray matter
