The MRI Exam and Anatomy, Part I with all Correct &
Verified Answers| Actual Complete Update| Already
Graded A+
what makes the noise during an mri scan ✔Correct Answer-gradients
if the region of interest is not centered and aligned properly in the coil, the _____________________
may be severely compromised ✔Correct Answer-image quality
if we need to angle our slices to achieve what would normally be a sagittal view of the lumbar spine,
bc the pt is not aligned properly on the spine coil, our "transverse" slices through the disks may have
a _______________________________ orientation ✔Correct Answer-double oblique
each time we are forced to prescribe oblique slices to visualize anatomy which should clearly be seen
in a simple orthogonal orientation, we place additional stress on the system components, which may
adversely affect our image quality, and we also risk missing ________________ as we must
manipulate the angles of the slices ✔Correct Answer-pathologu
some parts of the body are very difficult to center in the magnet, however, and may be scanned
____________________ ✔Correct Answer-off-center
the head coil is designed to surround the patient's head in order to provide a uniform environment
of _________________________________ and uniform _____________ from all parts of the brain
✔Correct Answer-RF energy and signal intensity
where do we center for brain scans ✔Correct Answer-the glabella
for a brain scan, we generally localize mid-sagittal, at the glabella, making sure that the interpupillary
line is strictly _____________ and ___________ to the long axis of the body ✔Correct Answer-
horizontal and perpendicular
physiological triggering or gating is not necessary to complete a brain study, however, some facilities
do utilize _______________ in order to minimize flow artifacts ✔Correct Answer-pulse triggering
other than pulse triggering, what are some other methods that can be used to minimize flow
artifacts ✔Correct Answer-gradient moment nulling and application of an inferior saturation region
most facilities begin brain scans by acquiring ____________________ images. ✔Correct Answer-
T1-weighted sagittal
most facilities begin brain scans by acquiring T1-weighted sagittal images, they serve as localizers to
prescribe the location of images in other orientations, and they also provide an excellent view of the
________________ and __________________ ✔Correct Answer-skull base and cranio-vertebral
junction
for a brain scan, using the T1-weighted sagittal images as localizers, _______________________
images fro the base of the skull to the top of the head can be acquired ✔Correct Answer-T2
weighted transverse
,for a brain scan, ___________________ images may be substituted when looking for a seizure
disorder ✔Correct Answer-coronal
for a brain scan, when should a paramagnetic contrast agent be administered ✔Correct Answer-if
pathology is suspected or when looking for metastatic lesions
for a brain scan, what is usually acquired post-contrast to compare with the pre-contrast sagittal
images ✔Correct Answer-another set of T1-weighted sagittal images (coronal T1-weighted images
are often acquired too)
for a brain scan, what do coronal T1-weighted images assist us in ✔Correct Answer-evaluating
anatomical and contrast symmetry between the left and right sides of the brain
for a brain scan, ______________ coil or _____________ provides proper anatomical coverage and
sufficient signal ✔Correct Answer-dedicated head coil or neurovascular array
what is included in a typical head trauma protocol ✔Correct Answer-T1 and T2-weighted fast spin
echo sequences, a T2-weighted gradient echo sequence, and a FLAIR sequence
during a typical head trauma scan, which sequence is important due to its sensitivity to susceptibility
changes form blood products identified in the brain tissue ✔Correct Answer-T2-weighted gradient
echo sequence
during a head trauma scan, as the blood components of a hemorrhage break down,
______________ and _______________ will alter the magnetic susceptibility of the tissue, appearing
as a dark region on T2-weighted gradient echo images ✔Correct Answer-hemosiderin and
methemoglobin
during a head trauma scan, as the blood components of a hemorrhage break down, hemosiderin and
methemoglobin will alter the magnetic susceptibility of the tissue, appearing as a _____________ on
T2-weighted gradient echo images ✔Correct Answer-dark region
when running a stroke protocol, inclusion of a _____________________ is imperative and should be
done as soon as possible after the suspected event occurs ✔Correct Answer-diffusion-weighted
pulse sequence
___________ is highly sensitive in identifying hyper-acute and acute cerebral infarction ✔Correct
Answer-DWI
a DWI scan is highly sensitive in identifying hyper-acute and acute cerebral infarcation. it will
demonstrates ischemia within _____________________ of a vascular occlusion while other
conventional MR imaging methods may take several hours for the ischemia to appear ✔Correct
Answer-minutes
diffusion-weighted images are very sensitive to ___________ artifacts ✔Correct Answer-magnetic
susceptibility
DWI images are very sensitive magnetic susceptibility artifacts. where are these commonly found
✔Correct Answer-air/soft tissue interfaces (sinuses or mastoid regions) or near metal, often found in
the mouth in the form of dentures, dental posts or orthodontics
, for a stroke, adc maps should be calculated to ensure that a hyper-intense region on the DWI is not
simply a case of __________________ and rather that it is truly an area in which the diffusion of
water molecules is restricted ✔Correct Answer-T2 shine through
for stroke, what should be calculated to ensure that a hyper-intense region on the DWI is not simply
a case of "T2 shine through" and rather that it is truly an area in which the diffusion of water
molecules is restricted ✔Correct Answer-adc maps
an acute infarct appears _____________ on a DWI and it appears _______________ on an ADC
image ✔Correct Answer-hyperintense, hypointense
an acute infarct appears ___________ on a DWI ✔Correct Answer-hyperintense
an acute infarct appears ______________ on a ADC image ✔Correct Answer-hypointense
MRI has revolutionized the ability to diagnose multiple sclerosis and identify the associated
__________ ✔Correct Answer-white matter lesions
disease related changes are detected in MRI by more than ______ of people suspected of having MS
✔Correct Answer-90%
detection as well as identification of _____________ and _____________ of white matter lesions is
instrumental in aiding in the diagnosis of MS ✔Correct Answer-number and location
where are white matter lesions associated with MR often found? lesions are often subcortical as well
✔Correct Answer-temporal lobes of the brain, periventricular, or involving the corpus callosum (the
pons, cerebellum, and brachial pontus may show lesions)
for MS, since early demyelination can often be seen involving the corpus callosum,
________________________ images should be obtained through the mid-line of the brain
✔Correct Answer-thin sagittal FLAIR
what is the recommended slice thickness for a brain scan for MS ✔Correct Answer-no more than 3
mm
____________ imaging is very sensitive to early MS pathology and it is a T2-weighted pulse sequence
with the ability to suppress the CSF signal within the ventricles ✔Correct Answer-FLAIR
FLAIR imaging is very sensitive to early MS pathology and it is a ________________________ with
the ability to suppress the CSF signal within the ventricles ✔Correct Answer-T2-weighted pulse
sequence
FLAIR imaging is very sensitive to early MS pathology and it is a T2-weighted pulse sequence with the
ability to suppress the ___________________ within the ventricles ✔Correct Answer-CSF signal
FLAIR imaging for MS - the high resolution combined with __________________ allows for clear
visualization of the hyperintense signal produced by the demyelination group white matter lesions
along the corpus callosum ✔Correct Answer-CSF nulling
Verified Answers| Actual Complete Update| Already
Graded A+
what makes the noise during an mri scan ✔Correct Answer-gradients
if the region of interest is not centered and aligned properly in the coil, the _____________________
may be severely compromised ✔Correct Answer-image quality
if we need to angle our slices to achieve what would normally be a sagittal view of the lumbar spine,
bc the pt is not aligned properly on the spine coil, our "transverse" slices through the disks may have
a _______________________________ orientation ✔Correct Answer-double oblique
each time we are forced to prescribe oblique slices to visualize anatomy which should clearly be seen
in a simple orthogonal orientation, we place additional stress on the system components, which may
adversely affect our image quality, and we also risk missing ________________ as we must
manipulate the angles of the slices ✔Correct Answer-pathologu
some parts of the body are very difficult to center in the magnet, however, and may be scanned
____________________ ✔Correct Answer-off-center
the head coil is designed to surround the patient's head in order to provide a uniform environment
of _________________________________ and uniform _____________ from all parts of the brain
✔Correct Answer-RF energy and signal intensity
where do we center for brain scans ✔Correct Answer-the glabella
for a brain scan, we generally localize mid-sagittal, at the glabella, making sure that the interpupillary
line is strictly _____________ and ___________ to the long axis of the body ✔Correct Answer-
horizontal and perpendicular
physiological triggering or gating is not necessary to complete a brain study, however, some facilities
do utilize _______________ in order to minimize flow artifacts ✔Correct Answer-pulse triggering
other than pulse triggering, what are some other methods that can be used to minimize flow
artifacts ✔Correct Answer-gradient moment nulling and application of an inferior saturation region
most facilities begin brain scans by acquiring ____________________ images. ✔Correct Answer-
T1-weighted sagittal
most facilities begin brain scans by acquiring T1-weighted sagittal images, they serve as localizers to
prescribe the location of images in other orientations, and they also provide an excellent view of the
________________ and __________________ ✔Correct Answer-skull base and cranio-vertebral
junction
for a brain scan, using the T1-weighted sagittal images as localizers, _______________________
images fro the base of the skull to the top of the head can be acquired ✔Correct Answer-T2
weighted transverse
,for a brain scan, ___________________ images may be substituted when looking for a seizure
disorder ✔Correct Answer-coronal
for a brain scan, when should a paramagnetic contrast agent be administered ✔Correct Answer-if
pathology is suspected or when looking for metastatic lesions
for a brain scan, what is usually acquired post-contrast to compare with the pre-contrast sagittal
images ✔Correct Answer-another set of T1-weighted sagittal images (coronal T1-weighted images
are often acquired too)
for a brain scan, what do coronal T1-weighted images assist us in ✔Correct Answer-evaluating
anatomical and contrast symmetry between the left and right sides of the brain
for a brain scan, ______________ coil or _____________ provides proper anatomical coverage and
sufficient signal ✔Correct Answer-dedicated head coil or neurovascular array
what is included in a typical head trauma protocol ✔Correct Answer-T1 and T2-weighted fast spin
echo sequences, a T2-weighted gradient echo sequence, and a FLAIR sequence
during a typical head trauma scan, which sequence is important due to its sensitivity to susceptibility
changes form blood products identified in the brain tissue ✔Correct Answer-T2-weighted gradient
echo sequence
during a head trauma scan, as the blood components of a hemorrhage break down,
______________ and _______________ will alter the magnetic susceptibility of the tissue, appearing
as a dark region on T2-weighted gradient echo images ✔Correct Answer-hemosiderin and
methemoglobin
during a head trauma scan, as the blood components of a hemorrhage break down, hemosiderin and
methemoglobin will alter the magnetic susceptibility of the tissue, appearing as a _____________ on
T2-weighted gradient echo images ✔Correct Answer-dark region
when running a stroke protocol, inclusion of a _____________________ is imperative and should be
done as soon as possible after the suspected event occurs ✔Correct Answer-diffusion-weighted
pulse sequence
___________ is highly sensitive in identifying hyper-acute and acute cerebral infarction ✔Correct
Answer-DWI
a DWI scan is highly sensitive in identifying hyper-acute and acute cerebral infarcation. it will
demonstrates ischemia within _____________________ of a vascular occlusion while other
conventional MR imaging methods may take several hours for the ischemia to appear ✔Correct
Answer-minutes
diffusion-weighted images are very sensitive to ___________ artifacts ✔Correct Answer-magnetic
susceptibility
DWI images are very sensitive magnetic susceptibility artifacts. where are these commonly found
✔Correct Answer-air/soft tissue interfaces (sinuses or mastoid regions) or near metal, often found in
the mouth in the form of dentures, dental posts or orthodontics
, for a stroke, adc maps should be calculated to ensure that a hyper-intense region on the DWI is not
simply a case of __________________ and rather that it is truly an area in which the diffusion of
water molecules is restricted ✔Correct Answer-T2 shine through
for stroke, what should be calculated to ensure that a hyper-intense region on the DWI is not simply
a case of "T2 shine through" and rather that it is truly an area in which the diffusion of water
molecules is restricted ✔Correct Answer-adc maps
an acute infarct appears _____________ on a DWI and it appears _______________ on an ADC
image ✔Correct Answer-hyperintense, hypointense
an acute infarct appears ___________ on a DWI ✔Correct Answer-hyperintense
an acute infarct appears ______________ on a ADC image ✔Correct Answer-hypointense
MRI has revolutionized the ability to diagnose multiple sclerosis and identify the associated
__________ ✔Correct Answer-white matter lesions
disease related changes are detected in MRI by more than ______ of people suspected of having MS
✔Correct Answer-90%
detection as well as identification of _____________ and _____________ of white matter lesions is
instrumental in aiding in the diagnosis of MS ✔Correct Answer-number and location
where are white matter lesions associated with MR often found? lesions are often subcortical as well
✔Correct Answer-temporal lobes of the brain, periventricular, or involving the corpus callosum (the
pons, cerebellum, and brachial pontus may show lesions)
for MS, since early demyelination can often be seen involving the corpus callosum,
________________________ images should be obtained through the mid-line of the brain
✔Correct Answer-thin sagittal FLAIR
what is the recommended slice thickness for a brain scan for MS ✔Correct Answer-no more than 3
mm
____________ imaging is very sensitive to early MS pathology and it is a T2-weighted pulse sequence
with the ability to suppress the CSF signal within the ventricles ✔Correct Answer-FLAIR
FLAIR imaging is very sensitive to early MS pathology and it is a ________________________ with
the ability to suppress the CSF signal within the ventricles ✔Correct Answer-T2-weighted pulse
sequence
FLAIR imaging is very sensitive to early MS pathology and it is a T2-weighted pulse sequence with the
ability to suppress the ___________________ within the ventricles ✔Correct Answer-CSF signal
FLAIR imaging for MS - the high resolution combined with __________________ allows for clear
visualization of the hyperintense signal produced by the demyelination group white matter lesions
along the corpus callosum ✔Correct Answer-CSF nulling
