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Summary Matric IEB meiosis

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In depth, well-structured Matric IEB life sciences meiosis online notes.

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Losomesoccurinthenucleusofeverylivingcell
ofaDNAmoleculecaledaroundhistoneproteins
consists

TherearevariousDNAsegmentsineachchromosomestrandknownasgenes eachgenecontrols a
particular
inheritedcharacteristic




Whenthe cell is notdividing
network
chromosomesappearas athreadlikenetwork chromatin
The

when acelldivides
chromatinnetworkcondenses thethreadsshortenandthicken
The theybecomevisibleassinglechromosomes

Beforea celldivides
Thegeneticmaterial inthenucleusmustbeduplicated
Replication processwhereDNAmakesanexact copyofitself
necessarytoensurethatbothdaughtercellsformedduringmitosishaveidenticalgeneticinformationto
theoriginalmothercell
afterreplication thesinglestrandedchromosomeconsistsoftwoidenticalunitsknownaschromatids

, Eachsomaticcellina particularorganismof aparticularspeciescontainsthesamenumberofchromosomes
ARAbodycells
inanorganismthatreproducessexually thenumberofchromosomesisalwaysanevennumberbecauseit
contains tests ofchromosomes thisisthediploid 2n chromosomenumber
Eachchromosomeinonesetnormallyhasa partnerintheotherset
chromosomesaresimilarinsizeshape geneticcomposition samecategoryof
Thesepartner genetic
characteristics
onechromosome ofthepaircomesfromthemother theotherfromthefather
ensuresthattheorganismhascharacteristicsofbothparents
Thesepairsofchromosomes areknownas homologouschromosomepairs




Thecompletediploidsetofchromosomesarranged accordingtotheirsize shapeandnumberin
homologouspairswithinasomaticcellof anorganism

Thehumankaryotype
consistsof
22pairsofautosomes ordinarychromosomes
1pairofganosomes sexchromosomesthatdeterminesex numb o 9 29Pm g s n lmepairs


is an
in ii ain
Biologicalfemales Biologicalmales
haveanoverall haveanoverall
chromosome
compositionof
comhptflhmf it
is a ani i

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