1
Pathopharmacology unit 1 Questions with
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Which are predisposing factors for gastric cancer? Answer: Blood types A and
O, Chronic gastritis, H. pylori infection, Excessive alcohol consumption
Match the diseases to their causes. Answer: H. pylori and ingestion of
preserved foods: Gastric cancer; Bile reflux; excessive alcohol intake, coffee,
smoking: Gastric ulcer; Salmonella, food allergies, and nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs: Gastritis;
Unknown but seen post intestinal surgery and in patients with diabetes:
Gastroparesis
Which gastric disorder is the most common abnormality found on X-ray?
Answer: Hiatal Hernia
Which motility disorder is commonly seen in female patients or in patients
with diabetes? Answer: Gastropariesis
Which gastric disorders have been linked to an infection due to the bacterium
Helicobacter pylori? Answer: gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer
Which pathophysiological response is associated with hiatal hernia? Answer:
Protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm
Which gastric disorder is characterized by an inflammatory process that causes
the gastric mucosa lining to become hyperemic and edematous? Answer:
Gastritis
Which gastric disorder primarily causes a breakdown in the mucosal barrier
and normally occurs in the antrum of the stomach? Answer: Gastric ulcer
Which are typical locations of gastric cancer invasion? Answer: Antrum,
Pyloric Area
,2
Which gastric disorder is described by slowed motility due to sluggish muscle
movement from vagal nerve damage, which alters the passage of food through
the digestive tract? Answer: gastroparesis
Which are clinical manifestations of hiatal hernias? Answer: Belching;
Dysphagia; Heartburn; Persistent, substernal chest pain
Which gastric disorder can include the presence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria
as well as fever and headache, along with anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and
epigastric pain? Answer: Acute gastritis
Which clinical manifestation is typical in chronic gastritis but is not seen in
acute gastritis? Answer: Pernicious anemia
Which are clinical manifestations of a gastric ulcer? Answer: Wieght loss,
occasional nausea and vomiting, Pain one to two hours after meals, Burning or
gaseous pressure in high left epigastrium, and back and upper abdomen
Which description is appropriate for vomitus that appears as "coffee grounds"
due to inclusion of blood containing undigested proteins? Answer: hematemesis
Order the factors in the process of tissue ischemia, starting from the initial step.
Answer: Blockage in artery
Decreased oxygenation
Decreased cellular metabolism
Vital organs becoming hypoxic
ATP production inhibited
Failure of sodium pump causing cells to enlarge and rupture
Match the factor with the cause of cellular damage. Answer: Invades or
damages the cellsPhysical tissue damage
Result of genetic defects or inborn errors of metabolismNutritional deficits
, 3
Changes the permeability of the cellular membraneMicroorganisms
Alters cellular contents and changes the DNAAbnormal accumulation of
metabolites in the cells
Which occurs when cells are deprived of oxygen? Answer: Cells stop producing
energy.
A person has developed a blockage in an artery that brings blood to the foot
and has impaired circulation with severe cell injury. The person undergoes
surgical repair that is successful. Which happens to the cells that were injured?
Answer: Cells will repair themselves.
Which conditions force a cell to adapt? Answer: Metabolic changes
Decreased ATP levels
Increased cellular pH
Decreased oxygenation
Which person would be at risk for cellular atrophy? Answer: A person with a
stroke who can't use the right arm
Which cellular growth pattern would be expected due to an increased workload
on the heart? Answer: Hypertrophy
Which abnormal cell growth pattern may occur as a result of pregnancy?
Answer: Hyperplasia
A person who has smoked one pack of cigarettes a day for 40 years is at risk for
which type of cell growth pattern? Answer: Metaplasia
Which statement best describes a benign neoplasm? Answer: Non-cancerous
lesion that does not spread
Which is an example of hypoxia? Answer: The brain receiving less oxygen
Hypoxia happens from a lack of oxygen due to any cause.
Pathopharmacology unit 1 Questions with
Answers (100% Correct Answers)
Which are predisposing factors for gastric cancer? Answer: Blood types A and
O, Chronic gastritis, H. pylori infection, Excessive alcohol consumption
Match the diseases to their causes. Answer: H. pylori and ingestion of
preserved foods: Gastric cancer; Bile reflux; excessive alcohol intake, coffee,
smoking: Gastric ulcer; Salmonella, food allergies, and nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs: Gastritis;
Unknown but seen post intestinal surgery and in patients with diabetes:
Gastroparesis
Which gastric disorder is the most common abnormality found on X-ray?
Answer: Hiatal Hernia
Which motility disorder is commonly seen in female patients or in patients
with diabetes? Answer: Gastropariesis
Which gastric disorders have been linked to an infection due to the bacterium
Helicobacter pylori? Answer: gastritis, gastric ulcer, gastric cancer
Which pathophysiological response is associated with hiatal hernia? Answer:
Protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm
Which gastric disorder is characterized by an inflammatory process that causes
the gastric mucosa lining to become hyperemic and edematous? Answer:
Gastritis
Which gastric disorder primarily causes a breakdown in the mucosal barrier
and normally occurs in the antrum of the stomach? Answer: Gastric ulcer
Which are typical locations of gastric cancer invasion? Answer: Antrum,
Pyloric Area
,2
Which gastric disorder is described by slowed motility due to sluggish muscle
movement from vagal nerve damage, which alters the passage of food through
the digestive tract? Answer: gastroparesis
Which are clinical manifestations of hiatal hernias? Answer: Belching;
Dysphagia; Heartburn; Persistent, substernal chest pain
Which gastric disorder can include the presence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria
as well as fever and headache, along with anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and
epigastric pain? Answer: Acute gastritis
Which clinical manifestation is typical in chronic gastritis but is not seen in
acute gastritis? Answer: Pernicious anemia
Which are clinical manifestations of a gastric ulcer? Answer: Wieght loss,
occasional nausea and vomiting, Pain one to two hours after meals, Burning or
gaseous pressure in high left epigastrium, and back and upper abdomen
Which description is appropriate for vomitus that appears as "coffee grounds"
due to inclusion of blood containing undigested proteins? Answer: hematemesis
Order the factors in the process of tissue ischemia, starting from the initial step.
Answer: Blockage in artery
Decreased oxygenation
Decreased cellular metabolism
Vital organs becoming hypoxic
ATP production inhibited
Failure of sodium pump causing cells to enlarge and rupture
Match the factor with the cause of cellular damage. Answer: Invades or
damages the cellsPhysical tissue damage
Result of genetic defects or inborn errors of metabolismNutritional deficits
, 3
Changes the permeability of the cellular membraneMicroorganisms
Alters cellular contents and changes the DNAAbnormal accumulation of
metabolites in the cells
Which occurs when cells are deprived of oxygen? Answer: Cells stop producing
energy.
A person has developed a blockage in an artery that brings blood to the foot
and has impaired circulation with severe cell injury. The person undergoes
surgical repair that is successful. Which happens to the cells that were injured?
Answer: Cells will repair themselves.
Which conditions force a cell to adapt? Answer: Metabolic changes
Decreased ATP levels
Increased cellular pH
Decreased oxygenation
Which person would be at risk for cellular atrophy? Answer: A person with a
stroke who can't use the right arm
Which cellular growth pattern would be expected due to an increased workload
on the heart? Answer: Hypertrophy
Which abnormal cell growth pattern may occur as a result of pregnancy?
Answer: Hyperplasia
A person who has smoked one pack of cigarettes a day for 40 years is at risk for
which type of cell growth pattern? Answer: Metaplasia
Which statement best describes a benign neoplasm? Answer: Non-cancerous
lesion that does not spread
Which is an example of hypoxia? Answer: The brain receiving less oxygen
Hypoxia happens from a lack of oxygen due to any cause.
