1
kines 165 3A Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
how does aerobic training influence a muscle's oxidative capacity Answer:
increases capillary density, mitochondrial volume, myoglobin, substrate
density, enzyme quality/quantity, promotes conversion of type IIx fibers -->
type I
Strength training induced shifts in muscle fiber type Answer: less prominent
than aerobic
IIx-->IIa with no increase in type I
factors other than fiber composition that influence performance Answer: neural
drive, biomechanical, biochemical, psychological
neural adaptations of resistive training Answer: increase ability to recruit MU
and have them in sync, decreased co-activation of antagonist muscles, GTO
desensitized.
other adaptations of resistive training Answer: decrease mitochondrial &
capillary density, increase enzymatic protein & stored nutrients,
indirect cross-sectional evidence for hyperplasia in bodybuilders Answer: more
fibers innervated by axon, implies axonal sprouting to innervate newly
replicated fibers
increase in muscle cross section, but no observed growth of individual fiber
cross section
Longitudinal evidence of hyperplasia (bodybuilders) Answer: muscle belly
cross section increases more than muscle fiber cross section
3-4kg/cm2 Answer: Force generation per fiber cross sectional area
, 2
Gender Answer: No differences in strength if expressed relative to muscle belly
area. Quality is not gender specific
Genetic Factors of strength Answer: # of muscle fibers, ratio of FT:ST, Site of
tendon attachment
effect of concurrent strength & aerobic training on VO2max Answer:
concurrent programs are able to improve aerobic capacity as long as strength
training does not take away from aerobic training
addition of resistance exercise to regimen of trained aerobic athletes Answer:
enhances running economy, delays Lactate threshold, increases time to
exhaustion, prevent injury, reduce ground reaction time,
AMPK activation Answer: active TSC 2 inhibits mTOR activity, which impairs
protein synthesis
why aerobic training may interfere with strength/power development on
resistance trained athletes Answer: not enough glycogen, decrease in myosin
ATPase in type IIx, decrease in concentration of anaerobic enzymes, increase
in skeletal muscle catabolism, MU recruitment & whole muscle contractions
vary in the two straining states.
recommendations for concurrent training Answer: avoid same day, but do
resistance first. muscular fitness should be first focus for novice concurrent
athletes.
Plyometric exercises Answer: involve reversible muscle actions.
allow for quick, powerful concentric when preceded by countermovement/pre-
stretch.
Stretch Shortening Cycle Answer: muscle actions in which an active pre-stretch
is followed by an active shortening.
natural part of most movements
kines 165 3A Questions with Answers (100%
Correct Answers)
how does aerobic training influence a muscle's oxidative capacity Answer:
increases capillary density, mitochondrial volume, myoglobin, substrate
density, enzyme quality/quantity, promotes conversion of type IIx fibers -->
type I
Strength training induced shifts in muscle fiber type Answer: less prominent
than aerobic
IIx-->IIa with no increase in type I
factors other than fiber composition that influence performance Answer: neural
drive, biomechanical, biochemical, psychological
neural adaptations of resistive training Answer: increase ability to recruit MU
and have them in sync, decreased co-activation of antagonist muscles, GTO
desensitized.
other adaptations of resistive training Answer: decrease mitochondrial &
capillary density, increase enzymatic protein & stored nutrients,
indirect cross-sectional evidence for hyperplasia in bodybuilders Answer: more
fibers innervated by axon, implies axonal sprouting to innervate newly
replicated fibers
increase in muscle cross section, but no observed growth of individual fiber
cross section
Longitudinal evidence of hyperplasia (bodybuilders) Answer: muscle belly
cross section increases more than muscle fiber cross section
3-4kg/cm2 Answer: Force generation per fiber cross sectional area
, 2
Gender Answer: No differences in strength if expressed relative to muscle belly
area. Quality is not gender specific
Genetic Factors of strength Answer: # of muscle fibers, ratio of FT:ST, Site of
tendon attachment
effect of concurrent strength & aerobic training on VO2max Answer:
concurrent programs are able to improve aerobic capacity as long as strength
training does not take away from aerobic training
addition of resistance exercise to regimen of trained aerobic athletes Answer:
enhances running economy, delays Lactate threshold, increases time to
exhaustion, prevent injury, reduce ground reaction time,
AMPK activation Answer: active TSC 2 inhibits mTOR activity, which impairs
protein synthesis
why aerobic training may interfere with strength/power development on
resistance trained athletes Answer: not enough glycogen, decrease in myosin
ATPase in type IIx, decrease in concentration of anaerobic enzymes, increase
in skeletal muscle catabolism, MU recruitment & whole muscle contractions
vary in the two straining states.
recommendations for concurrent training Answer: avoid same day, but do
resistance first. muscular fitness should be first focus for novice concurrent
athletes.
Plyometric exercises Answer: involve reversible muscle actions.
allow for quick, powerful concentric when preceded by countermovement/pre-
stretch.
Stretch Shortening Cycle Answer: muscle actions in which an active pre-stretch
is followed by an active shortening.
natural part of most movements
