APES Midterm Review Exam
Questions and Answers24
divergent - ANSWERS--occur when two plates slide apart from each other
-create massive fault zones
-frequent oceanic earthquakes
transform fault - ANSWERS--transform boundaries occur when plates slide past each other
-frequently cause earthquakes in the continental crust
-faults commonly occur
tragedy of the commons - ANSWERS--the depletion of a shared resource by individuals, acting
independently and rationally according to each one's self-interest, despite their understanding
that depleting the common resource is contrary to their long-term best interests
-air, water, forests, fish
positive feedback loop - ANSWERS--occurs in a feedback loop when the mathematical sign of
the net gain around the feedback loop is positive
-adds to make the input larger
-hurricane, stampede, video feedback
negative feedback loop - ANSWERS--occurs when the result of a process influences the
operation of the process itself in such a way as to reduce changes
-just the right amount of correction is applied in the most timely manner can be very stable,
accurate, and responsive
-blood pressure regulators, hormones
,density dependent factors - ANSWERS--a factor whose effects on the size or growth of
population vary with the population density.
density independent factors - ANSWERS--a factor that affects the size of a population
independent or regardless of the population density.
sustainability - ANSWERS--ability of Earth's various systems, including human cultural systems
and economies, to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions indefinitely
environmental science - ANSWERS--interdisciplinary study that uses information from the
physical sciences and social sciences to understand how the earth works, learn how humans
interact with the earth, and develop solutions to environmental problems
ecology - ANSWERS--biological science that studies the relations between living organisms and
their environment; study of the structure and functions of nature.
developing countries - ANSWERS--country that has low to moderate industrialization and low to
moderate per capita GDP (gross domestic product)
-most are located in Africa, Asia, and Latin America
developed countries - ANSWERS--country that is highly industrialized and has a high per capita
GDP (gross domestic product)
perpetual resources - ANSWERS--essentially an inexhaustible resource on a human time scale
because it is renewed continuously
-solar energy
, non-renewable resources - ANSWERS--resources that exists in a fixed amount (stock) in the
earth's crust and has potential for renewal by chemical, physical, geological processes taking
place over hundreds of millions to billions of years
-copper, aluminum, coal, and oil
-we classify these resources as exhaustible because we are extracting and using them at a much
faster rate than they are formed
environmental degradation - ANSWERS--depletion or destruction of a potentially renewable
resource
-soil, grassland, forest or wildlife
-used faster than it is naturally replenished if such use continues the resource becomes non-
renewable (on a human time scale) or nonexistant (extinct)
ecological footprint - ANSWERS--amount of biologically productive land and water needed to
supply a population with the renewable resources it uses and to absorb or dispose of the waste
from such resource use
-measures the average environmental impact of populations of different countries or areas
recycling - ANSWERS--collecting and reprocessing a resource so that it can be made into new
products
-collecting aluminum cans and melting them down and using the aluminum to make new cans
and other products
non-point source pollution - ANSWERS--large or dispurced land areas that discharge polutants
into the environment over a large are
-crops fields, streets, and lawns
input pollution control/pollution prevention - ANSWERS--device or process that prevents a
potential pollutant from forming or entering the environment or sharply reduces the amount
entering the environment
Questions and Answers24
divergent - ANSWERS--occur when two plates slide apart from each other
-create massive fault zones
-frequent oceanic earthquakes
transform fault - ANSWERS--transform boundaries occur when plates slide past each other
-frequently cause earthquakes in the continental crust
-faults commonly occur
tragedy of the commons - ANSWERS--the depletion of a shared resource by individuals, acting
independently and rationally according to each one's self-interest, despite their understanding
that depleting the common resource is contrary to their long-term best interests
-air, water, forests, fish
positive feedback loop - ANSWERS--occurs in a feedback loop when the mathematical sign of
the net gain around the feedback loop is positive
-adds to make the input larger
-hurricane, stampede, video feedback
negative feedback loop - ANSWERS--occurs when the result of a process influences the
operation of the process itself in such a way as to reduce changes
-just the right amount of correction is applied in the most timely manner can be very stable,
accurate, and responsive
-blood pressure regulators, hormones
,density dependent factors - ANSWERS--a factor whose effects on the size or growth of
population vary with the population density.
density independent factors - ANSWERS--a factor that affects the size of a population
independent or regardless of the population density.
sustainability - ANSWERS--ability of Earth's various systems, including human cultural systems
and economies, to survive and adapt to changing environmental conditions indefinitely
environmental science - ANSWERS--interdisciplinary study that uses information from the
physical sciences and social sciences to understand how the earth works, learn how humans
interact with the earth, and develop solutions to environmental problems
ecology - ANSWERS--biological science that studies the relations between living organisms and
their environment; study of the structure and functions of nature.
developing countries - ANSWERS--country that has low to moderate industrialization and low to
moderate per capita GDP (gross domestic product)
-most are located in Africa, Asia, and Latin America
developed countries - ANSWERS--country that is highly industrialized and has a high per capita
GDP (gross domestic product)
perpetual resources - ANSWERS--essentially an inexhaustible resource on a human time scale
because it is renewed continuously
-solar energy
, non-renewable resources - ANSWERS--resources that exists in a fixed amount (stock) in the
earth's crust and has potential for renewal by chemical, physical, geological processes taking
place over hundreds of millions to billions of years
-copper, aluminum, coal, and oil
-we classify these resources as exhaustible because we are extracting and using them at a much
faster rate than they are formed
environmental degradation - ANSWERS--depletion or destruction of a potentially renewable
resource
-soil, grassland, forest or wildlife
-used faster than it is naturally replenished if such use continues the resource becomes non-
renewable (on a human time scale) or nonexistant (extinct)
ecological footprint - ANSWERS--amount of biologically productive land and water needed to
supply a population with the renewable resources it uses and to absorb or dispose of the waste
from such resource use
-measures the average environmental impact of populations of different countries or areas
recycling - ANSWERS--collecting and reprocessing a resource so that it can be made into new
products
-collecting aluminum cans and melting them down and using the aluminum to make new cans
and other products
non-point source pollution - ANSWERS--large or dispurced land areas that discharge polutants
into the environment over a large are
-crops fields, streets, and lawns
input pollution control/pollution prevention - ANSWERS--device or process that prevents a
potential pollutant from forming or entering the environment or sharply reduces the amount
entering the environment
