Abdominal Sonography Review for
ARDMS Exam 2026 Questions and
Answers
The prostate is located in the (retroperitoneum or peritoneum) layer. - Correct
answer-retroperitoneum
What borders the prostate gland? (A-P & S-I) - Correct answer-Ant = pubic bone
Post = rectum
Sup = bladder
Inf = urogenital diaphragm
What artery supplies the prostate gland & has branches from the internal iliac
artery? - Correct answer-Inferior vesical artery
Apex - Correct answer-Inferior portion just superior to the urogenital diaphragm
Base - Correct answer-Superior portion just below the inferior margin of the
bladder
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,Seminal vesicles - Correct answer-2 sac-like out-pouchings of the vas deferens b/t
the bladder and rectum & adjacent to the superior/posterior prostate
Ejaculatory ducts - Correct answer-pass thru the central zone & empties into
urethra
Verumontanum - Correct answer-longitudinal ridge in the urethra that the
ejaculatory ducts are adjacent to
Corpora amylacea - Correct answer-calcifications commonly seen in the inner
gland of the prostate
Surgical capsule - Correct answer-demarcation b/t the inner(central/transitional) &
outer(peripheral) gland
Eiffel tower sign - Correct answer-shadowing created by calcifications in the
urethra/verumontanum area
Name the 4 zones of the prostate - Correct answer-1.peripheral
2.central
3.transitional
4.fibromuscular stroma
Peripheral Zone - Correct answer-Posterior portion
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,70% of organ's tissue
Most common area for cancers
Extends to apex
Central Zone - Correct answer-Superior portion
25% of organ's tissue
Ejaculatory ducts pass thru here
Transitional Zone - Correct answer-5% of organ's tissue
Site of origin of BPH
Fibromuscular stroma - Correct answer-Anterior portion
Non-glandular tissue
Not affected by cancers, infections, hyperplasia
Gleason score - Correct answer-grading of prostate cancer
Orientation for prostate study:
In transverse view, what is at the top, bottom, left, & right of screen? (In that order)
- Correct answer-Anterior, posterior, right, left
Orientation for prostate study:
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, In sagittal view, what is at the top, bottom, left, & right of screen? (In that order) -
Correct answer-Anterior, posterior, superior, inferior
What does TRUS stand for? - Correct answer-TransRectal UltraSound
What age & percentage of men are diagnosed with prostate cancer? - Correct
answer->65 yo
>80%
What race is 2x more likely to develop prostate cancer than white males? - Correct
answer-African American
What does the genetic make-up of a patient have to do with prostate cancer
likelihood? - Correct answer-1st degree relative = 2-3 x greater risk of developing
cancer
PSA - Correct answer-Prostate specific antigen
Enzyme that increases with age, prostate volume, cancer, BPH, prostatitis
Levels: < 4 (benign) & > 10 (malignant)
PAP - Correct answer-Prostatic acid phosphatase
Enzyme that increases with carcinoma (& other conditions)
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ARDMS Exam 2026 Questions and
Answers
The prostate is located in the (retroperitoneum or peritoneum) layer. - Correct
answer-retroperitoneum
What borders the prostate gland? (A-P & S-I) - Correct answer-Ant = pubic bone
Post = rectum
Sup = bladder
Inf = urogenital diaphragm
What artery supplies the prostate gland & has branches from the internal iliac
artery? - Correct answer-Inferior vesical artery
Apex - Correct answer-Inferior portion just superior to the urogenital diaphragm
Base - Correct answer-Superior portion just below the inferior margin of the
bladder
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Seminal vesicles - Correct answer-2 sac-like out-pouchings of the vas deferens b/t
the bladder and rectum & adjacent to the superior/posterior prostate
Ejaculatory ducts - Correct answer-pass thru the central zone & empties into
urethra
Verumontanum - Correct answer-longitudinal ridge in the urethra that the
ejaculatory ducts are adjacent to
Corpora amylacea - Correct answer-calcifications commonly seen in the inner
gland of the prostate
Surgical capsule - Correct answer-demarcation b/t the inner(central/transitional) &
outer(peripheral) gland
Eiffel tower sign - Correct answer-shadowing created by calcifications in the
urethra/verumontanum area
Name the 4 zones of the prostate - Correct answer-1.peripheral
2.central
3.transitional
4.fibromuscular stroma
Peripheral Zone - Correct answer-Posterior portion
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,70% of organ's tissue
Most common area for cancers
Extends to apex
Central Zone - Correct answer-Superior portion
25% of organ's tissue
Ejaculatory ducts pass thru here
Transitional Zone - Correct answer-5% of organ's tissue
Site of origin of BPH
Fibromuscular stroma - Correct answer-Anterior portion
Non-glandular tissue
Not affected by cancers, infections, hyperplasia
Gleason score - Correct answer-grading of prostate cancer
Orientation for prostate study:
In transverse view, what is at the top, bottom, left, & right of screen? (In that order)
- Correct answer-Anterior, posterior, right, left
Orientation for prostate study:
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, In sagittal view, what is at the top, bottom, left, & right of screen? (In that order) -
Correct answer-Anterior, posterior, superior, inferior
What does TRUS stand for? - Correct answer-TransRectal UltraSound
What age & percentage of men are diagnosed with prostate cancer? - Correct
answer->65 yo
>80%
What race is 2x more likely to develop prostate cancer than white males? - Correct
answer-African American
What does the genetic make-up of a patient have to do with prostate cancer
likelihood? - Correct answer-1st degree relative = 2-3 x greater risk of developing
cancer
PSA - Correct answer-Prostate specific antigen
Enzyme that increases with age, prostate volume, cancer, BPH, prostatitis
Levels: < 4 (benign) & > 10 (malignant)
PAP - Correct answer-Prostatic acid phosphatase
Enzyme that increases with carcinoma (& other conditions)
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
